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Advances in Metamaterials: Structure, Properties and Applications
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Advances in Metamaterials: Structure, Properties and Applications

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 June 2024 | Viewed by 8394

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Bin Zheng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Interests: metamaterials; metasurface; acoustics; transformation optics; invisibility cloak
Dr. Ting Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Processing, Communication and Networking (IPCAN), College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering (ISEE), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Interests: acoustics; optical tomography imaging; metamaterials; inverse scattering problems

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metamaterials are artificial engineered structures that can control wave propagation in a way that cannot be achieved in nature. Metasurfaces, as a two-dimensional equivalent, can control the amplitude, phase and polarization of the wave in a planar way. They were first conceived for electromagnetic waves, but have also found applications in the field of acoustic and elastic waves. The past decade of research has delivered many advances in the area of subwavelength resolution imaging, invisibility cloaks, holography, abnormal deflection and reflection, metalens and new antennas, etc. This Special Issue aims to gather recent advances, as well as ongoing challenges in metamaterials and metasurfaces, from its structure designs, desirable properties and practical applications.

It is our great pleasure to invite you to submit a manuscript to this Special Issue. Full papers, communications and reviews are all welcomed on themes including, but not limited to:

  • Novel metamaterial/metasurface design;
  • Reconfigurable metamaterial/metasurface;
  • Intelligent metamaterial/metasurface;
  • Acoustic and elastic metamaterial/metasurface;
  • Meta-antennas and meta-lenses;
  • Transformation optics and invisibility cloaks;
  • Absorbers and frequency selective surfaces;
  • Plasmonics and surface waves;
  • Multifunctional metadevices;
  • Orbital angular momentum.

Dr. Bin Zheng
Dr. Ting Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metamaterials
  • metasurface
  • meta-lens
  • reconfigurable
  • multifunctional
  • acoustics
  • plasmonic
  • machine learning

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

29 pages, 72305 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Influencing Factors for Stackable and Expandable Acoustic Metamaterial with Multiple Tortuous Channels
by Shaohua Bi, Fei Yang, Xinmin Shen, Jiaojiao Zhang, Xiaocui Yang, Heng Zhang and Wenqiang Peng
Materials 2023, 16(20), 6643; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16206643 - 11 Oct 2023
Viewed by 774
Abstract
To reduce the noise generated by large mechanical equipment, a stackable and expandable acoustic metamaterial with multiple tortuous channels (SEAM–MTCs) was developed in this study. The proposed SEAM–MTCs consisted of odd panels, even panels, chambers, and a final closing plate, and these component [...] Read more.
To reduce the noise generated by large mechanical equipment, a stackable and expandable acoustic metamaterial with multiple tortuous channels (SEAM–MTCs) was developed in this study. The proposed SEAM–MTCs consisted of odd panels, even panels, chambers, and a final closing plate, and these component parts could be fabricated separately and then assembled. The influencing factors, including the number of layers N, the thickness of panel t0, the size of square aperture a, and the depth of chamber T0 were investigated using acoustic finite element simulation. The sound absorption mechanism was exhibited by the distributions of the total acoustic energy density at the resonance frequencies. The number of resonance frequencies increased from 13 to 31 with the number of layers N increasing from 2 to 6, and the average sound absorption coefficients in [200 Hz, 6000 Hz] was improved from 0.5169 to 0.6160. The experimental validation of actual sound absorption coefficients in [200 Hz, 1600 Hz] showed excellent consistency with simulation data, which proved the accuracy of the finite element simulation model and the reliability of the analysis of influencing factors. The proposed SEAM–MTCs has great potential in the field of equipment noise reduction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Metamaterials: Structure, Properties and Applications)
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9 pages, 3414 KiB  
Article
Achieving Photonic Spin Hall Effect, Spin-Selective Absorption, and Beam Deflection with a Vanadium Dioxide Metasurface
by Pengfei Zhao, Xinyi Ding, Chuang Li and Shiwei Tang
Materials 2023, 16(12), 4259; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16124259 - 08 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1138
Abstract
Metasurface-based research with phase-change materials has been a prominent and rapidly developing research field that has drawn considerable attention in recent years. In this paper, we proposed a kind of tunable metasurface based on the simplest metal–insulator–metal structure, which can be realized by [...] Read more.
Metasurface-based research with phase-change materials has been a prominent and rapidly developing research field that has drawn considerable attention in recent years. In this paper, we proposed a kind of tunable metasurface based on the simplest metal–insulator–metal structure, which can be realized by the mutual transformation of insulating and metallic states of vanadium dioxide (VO2) and can realize the functional switching of photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE), absorption and beam deflection at the same terahertz frequency. When VO2 is insulating, combined with the geometric phase, the metasurface can realize PSHE. A normal incident linear polarized wave will be split into two spin-polarized reflection beams traveling in two off-normal directions. When VO2 is in the metal state, the designed metasurface can be used as a wave absorber and a deflector, which will completely absorb LCP waves, while the reflected amplitude of RCP waves is 0.828 and deflects. Our design only consists of one layer of artificial structure with two materials and is easy to realize in the experiment compared with the metasurface of a multi-layer structure, which can provide new ideas for the research of tunable multifunctional metasurface. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Metamaterials: Structure, Properties and Applications)
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10 pages, 2500 KiB  
Article
Broadband Metasurface Absorber Based on an Optimal Combination of Copper Tiles and Chip Resistors
by Yongjune Kim and Jeong-Hae Lee
Materials 2023, 16(7), 2692; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16072692 - 28 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1144
Abstract
In this study, a broadband metasurface absorber composed of an optimal combination of copper tiles connected with four chip resistors is designed and experimentally verified. After fixing the locations of the chip resistors and setting their resistances to 100 Ω, the genetic [...] Read more.
In this study, a broadband metasurface absorber composed of an optimal combination of copper tiles connected with four chip resistors is designed and experimentally verified. After fixing the locations of the chip resistors and setting their resistances to 100 Ω, the genetic algorithm (GA) is utilized to design the optimal copper tile pattern for broadband absorption. The optimal combination of the copper tiles is identified by determining the states of the square tile pairs between copper or air, depending on the one or zero states of the bit sequence created by GA, respectively. The full-wave simulation results of the optimized metasurface absorber confirmed a −10 dB reflectance bandwidth within the frequency range of 6.57 to 12.73 GHz for the normal incidence condition, with the fractional bandwidth being 63.83%. The accuracy of the metasurface absorber was verified through an experimental result that matched well with the full-wave simulated one. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Metamaterials: Structure, Properties and Applications)
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25 pages, 26227 KiB  
Article
Effects of Aperture Shape on Absorption Property of Acoustic Metamaterial of Parallel-Connection Helmholtz Resonator
by Shaohua Bi, Fei Yang, Shuai Tang, Xinmin Shen, Xiaonan Zhang, Jingwei Zhu, Xiaocui Yang, Wenqiang Peng and Feng Yuan
Materials 2023, 16(4), 1597; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041597 - 14 Feb 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1697
Abstract
A Helmholtz resonator (HR) with an embedded aperture is an effective acoustic metamaterial for noise reduction in the low-frequency range. Its sound absorption property is significantly affected by the aperture shape. Sound absorption properties of HRs with the embedded aperture for various tangent [...] Read more.
A Helmholtz resonator (HR) with an embedded aperture is an effective acoustic metamaterial for noise reduction in the low-frequency range. Its sound absorption property is significantly affected by the aperture shape. Sound absorption properties of HRs with the embedded aperture for various tangent sectional shapes were studied by a two-dimensional acoustic finite element simulation. The sequence of resonance frequency from low to high was olive, common trapeziform, reverse trapeziform, dumbbell and rectangle. Meanwhile, those HRs for various cross-sectional shapes were investigated by a three-dimensional acoustic finite element simulation. The sequence of resonance frequency from low to high were round, regular hexagon, square, regular triangle and regular pentagon. Moreover, the reason for these phenomena was analyzed by the distributions of sound pressure, acoustic velocity and temperature. Furthermore, on the basement of the optimum tangent and cross-sectional shape, the sound absorption property of parallel-connection Helmholtz resonators was optimized. The experimental sample with optimal parameters was fabricated, and its average sound absorption coefficient reached 0.7821 in 500–820 Hz with a limited thickness of 30 mm. The research achievements proved the significance of aperture shape, which provided guidance for the development of sound absorbers in the low-frequency range. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Metamaterials: Structure, Properties and Applications)
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10 pages, 8122 KiB  
Article
Soft Actor–Critic-Driven Adaptive Focusing under Obstacles
by Huan Lu, Rongrong Zhu, Chi Wang, Tianze Hua, Siqi Zhang and Tianhang Chen
Materials 2023, 16(4), 1366; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041366 - 06 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1183
Abstract
Electromagnetic (EM) waves that bypass obstacles to achieve focus at arbitrary positions are of immense significance to communication and radar technologies. Small-sized and low-cost metasurfaces enable the accomplishment of this function. However, the magnitude-phase characteristics are challenging to analyze when there are obstacles [...] Read more.
Electromagnetic (EM) waves that bypass obstacles to achieve focus at arbitrary positions are of immense significance to communication and radar technologies. Small-sized and low-cost metasurfaces enable the accomplishment of this function. However, the magnitude-phase characteristics are challenging to analyze when there are obstacles between the metasurface and the EM wave. In this study, we creatively combined the deep reinforcement learning algorithm soft actor–critic (SAC) with a reconfigurable metasurface to construct an SAC-driven metasurface architecture that realizes focusing at any position under obstacles using real-time simulation data. The agent learns the optimal policy to achieve focus while interacting with a complex environment, and the framework proves to be effective even in complex scenes with multiple objects. Driven by real-time reinforcement learning, the knowledge learned from one environment can be flexibly transferred to another environment to maximize information utilization and save considerable iteration time. In the context of future 6G communications development, the proposed method may significantly reduce the path loss of users in an occluded state, thereby solving the open challenge of poor signal penetration. Our study may also inspire the implementation of other intelligent devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Metamaterials: Structure, Properties and Applications)
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14 pages, 4377 KiB  
Article
Characterization of Filigree Additively Manufactured NiTi Structures Using Micro Tomography and Micromechanical Testing for Metamaterial Material Models
by Thomas Straub, Jonas Fell, Simon Zabler, Tobias Gustmann, Hannes Korn and Sarah C. L. Fischer
Materials 2023, 16(2), 676; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16020676 - 10 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1637
Abstract
This study focuses on the influence of additive manufacturing process strategies on the specimen geometry, porosity, microstructure and mechanical properties as well as their impacts on the design of metamaterials. Filigree additively manufactured NiTi specimens with diameters between 180 and 350 µm and [...] Read more.
This study focuses on the influence of additive manufacturing process strategies on the specimen geometry, porosity, microstructure and mechanical properties as well as their impacts on the design of metamaterials. Filigree additively manufactured NiTi specimens with diameters between 180 and 350 µm and a nominal composition of Ni50.9Ti49.1 (at %) were processed by laser powder bed fusion in a first step. Secondly, they structures were characterized by optical and electron microscopy as well as micro tomography to investigate the interrelations between the process parameters, specimen diameters and microstructure. Each specimen was finally tested in a micro tensile machine to acquire the mechanical performance. The process strategy had, besides the resulting specimen diameter, an impact on the microstructure (grain size) without negatively influencing its quality (porosity). All specimens revealed a superelastic response while the critical martensitic phase transition stress decreased with the applied vector length. As a conclusion, and since the design of programmable metamaterials relies on the accuracy of FEM simulations, precise and resource-efficient testing of filigree and complex structures remains an important part of creating a new type of metamaterials with locally adjusted material behavior. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Metamaterials: Structure, Properties and Applications)
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