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Nanomaterials
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Advanced Porous Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, and Application
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Advanced Porous Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, and Application

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Synthesis, Interfaces and Nanostructures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 July 2024 | Viewed by 9523

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Yannick Guari

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
ICGM, Université Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France
Interests: coordination chemistry; nanostructures and nanochemistry; metal-based molecular materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Porous nanomaterials are defined as those with pore sizes less than 100 nm. Porous materials are of scientific and technological importance due to their excellent functional and structural characteristics. They are lightweight materials with low bulk density, high surface area, low thermal conductivity, good permeability, energy management applications, noise attenuation, vibration suppression, and other characteristics. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest and research work in the synthesis, characterization, functionalization, molecular modeling, and design of nanoporous materials. Porous nanomaterials are increasingly used in many fields, such as (bio)sensors, drug delivery, gas separation, energy storage, fuel cell technology, nanocatalysis and photonics.

This special issue aims to collect papers on new advances or breakthroughs in the design, synthesis, properties and applications of porous nanomaterials. We welcome outstanding researchers from all over the world to submit their latest, original and creative works to the journal before the submission deadline.

Dr. Yannick Guari
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • porous nanomaterials
  • MOFs
  • sensors
  • drug delivery
  • gas separation
  • energy storage
  • fuel cell
  • nanocatalysis
  • photonics

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3453 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic Balance of 13X Zeolite by Adsorption of Water, Methanol, and Cyclohexane as Pure Vapors or as Mixtures
by Meryem Saidi, François Bihl, Olinda Gimello, Benoit Louis, Anne-Cécile Roger, Philippe Trens and Fabrice Salles
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(2), 213; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14020213 - 18 Jan 2024
Viewed by 888
Abstract
Adsorption isotherms of pure vapors and vapor mixtures of water, methanol, and cyclohexane were studied using a synthesized 13X zeolite (FAU topology), by means of a DVS gravimetric vapor analyzer. These results were validated by GCMC calculations. The surface chemistry of the adsorbent [...] Read more.
Adsorption isotherms of pure vapors and vapor mixtures of water, methanol, and cyclohexane were studied using a synthesized 13X zeolite (FAU topology), by means of a DVS gravimetric vapor analyzer. These results were validated by GCMC calculations. The surface chemistry of the adsorbent was characterized by the thermodesorption of ammonia, and its textural properties were studied using nitrogen physisorption. The 13X zeolite was found to be strongly acidic (BrØnsted acid sites, Si/Al = 1.3) and its specific surface area around 1100 m2·g−1. Water was found to be able to diffuse within both the supercages and the sodalite cavities of the FAU structure, whereas methanol and cyclohexane were confined in the supercages only. The water/methanol sorption selectivity of the 13X zeolite was demonstrated by co-adsorption measurements. The composition of the water/methanol adsorbed phase could be calculated by assuming IAST hypotheses. This model failed in the case of the water/cyclohexane co-adsorption system, which is in line with the non-miscibility of the components in the adsorbed state. The sorption isotherms could be successfully simulated, confirming the robustness of the forcefields used. The 13X zeolite confirmed its a priori expected hydrophilic nature, which is useful for the selective adsorption of water in a methanol–water vapor mixture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Porous Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, and Application)
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16 pages, 4410 KiB  
Article
Upscale Synthesis of Magnetic Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles and Application to Metal Ion Separation: Nanosafety Evaluation
by Mathilde Ménard, Lamiaa M. A. Ali, Ani Vardanyan, Clarence Charnay, Laurence Raehm, Frédérique Cunin, Aurélie Bessière, Erwan Oliviero, Theodossis A. Theodossiou, Gulaim A. Seisenbaeva, Magali Gary-Bobo and Jean-Olivier Durand
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(24), 3155; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13243155 - 16 Dec 2023
Viewed by 887
Abstract
The synthesis of core–shell magnetic mesoporous nanoparticles (MMSNs) through a phase transfer process is usually performed at the 100–250 mg scale. At the gram scale, nanoparticles without cores or with multicore systems are observed. Iron oxide core nanoparticles (IO) were synthesized through a [...] Read more.
The synthesis of core–shell magnetic mesoporous nanoparticles (MMSNs) through a phase transfer process is usually performed at the 100–250 mg scale. At the gram scale, nanoparticles without cores or with multicore systems are observed. Iron oxide core nanoparticles (IO) were synthesized through a thermal decomposition procedure of α-FeO(OH) in oleic acid. A phase transfer from chloroform to water was then performed in order to wrap the IO nanoparticles with a mesoporous silica shell through the sol–gel procedure. MMSNs were then functionalized with DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentacetic acid) and used for the separation of metal ions. Their toxicity was evaluated. The phase transfer procedure was crucial to obtaining MMSNs on a large scale. Three synthesis parameters were rigorously controlled: temperature, time and glassware. The homogeneous dispersion of MMSNs on the gram scale was successfully obtained. After functionalization with DTPA, the MMSN-DTPAs were shown to have a strong affinity for Ni ions. Furthermore, toxicity was evaluated in cells, zebrafish and seahorse cell metabolic assays, and the nanoparticles were found to be nontoxic. We developed a method of preparing MMSNs at the gram scale. After functionalization with DTPA, the nanoparticles were efficient in metal ion removal and separation; furthermore, no toxicity was noticed up to 125 µg mL−1 in zebrafish. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Porous Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, and Application)
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16 pages, 2591 KiB  
Article
The Influences of Pore Blockage by Natural Organic Matter and Pore Dimension Tuning on Pharmaceutical Adsorption onto GO-Fe3O4
by Ming-Cyuan He, Sian-Jhang Lin, Tao-Cheng Huang, Guan-Fu Chen, Yen-Ping Peng and Wei-Hsiang Chen
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(14), 2063; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13142063 - 13 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1071
Abstract
The ubiquitous presence of pharmaceutical pollution in the environment and its adverse impacts on public health and aquatic ecosystems have recently attracted increasing attention. Graphene oxide coated with magnetite (GO-Fe3O4) is effective at removing pharmaceuticals in water by adsorption. [...] Read more.
The ubiquitous presence of pharmaceutical pollution in the environment and its adverse impacts on public health and aquatic ecosystems have recently attracted increasing attention. Graphene oxide coated with magnetite (GO-Fe3O4) is effective at removing pharmaceuticals in water by adsorption. However, the myriad compositions in real water are known to adversely impact the adsorption performance. One objective of this study was to investigate the influence of pore blockage by natural organic matter (NOM) with different sizes on pharmaceutical adsorption onto GO-Fe3O4. Meanwhile, the feasibility of pore dimension tuning of GO-Fe3O4 for selective adsorption of pharmaceuticals with different structural characteristics was explored. It was shown in the batch experiments that the adsorbed pharmaceutical concentrations onto GO-Fe3O4 were significantly affected (dropped by 2–86%) by NOM that had size ranges similar to the pore dimensions of GO-Fe3O4, as the impact was enhanced when the adsorption occurred at acidic pHs (e.g., pH 3). Specific surface areas, zeta potentials, pore volumes, and pore-size distributions of GO-Fe3O4 were influenced by the Fe content forming different-sized Fe3O4 between GO layers. Low Fe contents in GO-Fe3O4 increased the formation of nano-sized pores (2.0–12.5 nm) that were efficient in the adsorption of pharmaceuticals with low molecular weights (e.g., 129 kDa) or planar structures via size discrimination or inter-planar π-π interaction, respectively. As excess larger-sized pores (e.g., >50 nm) were formed on the surface of GO-Fe3O4 due to higher Fe contents, pharmaceuticals with larger molecular weights (e.g., 296 kDa) or those removed by electrostatic attraction between the adsorbate and adsorbent dominated on the GO-Fe3O4 surface. Given these observations, the surface characteristics of GO-Fe3O4 were alterable to selectively remove different pharmaceuticals in water by adsorption, and the critical factors determining the adsorption performance were discussed. These findings provide useful views on the feasibility of treating pharmaceutical wastewater, recycling valuable pharmaceuticals, or removing those with risks to public health and ecosystems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Porous Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, and Application)
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19 pages, 4074 KiB  
Article
The Complexity of Comparative Adsorption of C6 Hydrocarbons (Benzene, Cyclohexane, n-Hexane) at Metal–Organic Frameworks
by Christian Jansen, Nabil Assahub, Alex Spieß, Jun Liang, Alexa Schmitz, Shanghua Xing, Serkan Gökpinar and Christoph Janiak
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(20), 3614; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12203614 - 15 Oct 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2260
Abstract
The relatively stable MOFs Alfum, MIL-160, DUT-4, DUT-5, MIL-53-TDC, MIL-53, UiO-66, UiO-66-NH2, UiO-66(F)4, UiO-67, DUT-67, NH2-MIL-125, MIL-125, MIL-101(Cr), ZIF-8, ZIF-11 and ZIF-7 were studied for their C6 sorption properties. An understanding of the uptake of the [...] Read more.
The relatively stable MOFs Alfum, MIL-160, DUT-4, DUT-5, MIL-53-TDC, MIL-53, UiO-66, UiO-66-NH2, UiO-66(F)4, UiO-67, DUT-67, NH2-MIL-125, MIL-125, MIL-101(Cr), ZIF-8, ZIF-11 and ZIF-7 were studied for their C6 sorption properties. An understanding of the uptake of the larger C6 molecules cannot simply be achieved with surface area and pore volume (from N2 sorption) but involves the complex micropore structure of the MOF. The maximum adsorption capacity at p p0−1 = 0.9 was shown by DUT-4 for benzene, MIL-101(Cr) for cyclohexane and DUT-5 for n-hexane. In the low-pressure range from p p0−1 = 0.1 down to 0.05 the highest benzene uptake is given by DUT-5, DUT-67/UiO-67 and MIL-101(Cr), for cyclohexane and n-hexane by DUT-5, UiO-67 and MIL-101(Cr). The highest uptake capacity at p p0−1 = 0.02 was seen with MIL-53 for benzene, MIL-125 for cyclohexane and DUT-5 for n-hexane. DUT-5 and MIL-101(Cr) are the MOFs with the widest pore window openings/cross sections but the low-pressure uptake seems to be controlled by a complex combination of ligand and pore-size effect. IAST selectivities between the three binary mixtures show a finely tuned and difficult to predict interplay of pore window size with (critical) adsorptive size and possibly a role of electrostatics through functional groups such as NH2. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Porous Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, and Application)
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11 pages, 6019 KiB  
Article
A Facile Fabrication of Ordered Mesoporous Carbons Derived from Phenolic Resin and Mesophase Pitch via a Self-Assembly Method
by Jae-Yeon Yang, Tae Hoon Ko, Yun-Su Kuk, Min-Kang Seo and Byoung-Suhk Kim
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(15), 2686; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12152686 - 4 Aug 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1700
Abstract
Ordered and disordered mesoporous structures were synthesized by a self-assembly method using a mixture of phenolic resin and petroleum-based mesophase pitch as the starting materials, amphiphilic triblock copolymer F127 as a soft template, hydrochloric acid as a catalyst, and distilled water as a [...] Read more.
Ordered and disordered mesoporous structures were synthesized by a self-assembly method using a mixture of phenolic resin and petroleum-based mesophase pitch as the starting materials, amphiphilic triblock copolymer F127 as a soft template, hydrochloric acid as a catalyst, and distilled water as a solvent. Then, mesoporous carbons were obtained via autoclave method at low temperature (60 °C) and then carbonization at a relatively low temperature (600 °C), respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses revealed that the porous carbons with a mesophase pitch content of approximately 10 wt% showed a highly ordered hexagonal mesostructure with a highly uniform pore size of ca. 5.0 nm. In addition, the mesoporous carbons prepared by self-assembly and low-temperature autoclave methods exhibited the amorphous or crystalline carbon structures with higher specific surface area (SSA) of 756 m2/s and pore volume of 0.63 cm3/g, depending on the synthesis method. As a result, mesoporous carbons having a high SSA were successfully prepared by changing the mixing ratio of mesophase pitch and phenolic resin. The electrochemical properties of as-obtained mesoporous carbon materials were investigated. Further, the OMC-meso-10 electrode delivered the maximum SC of about 241 F/g at an applied current density of 1 A/g, which was higher than those of the MC-10 (~104 F/g) and OMC-20 (~115 F/g). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Porous Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, and Application)
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14 pages, 4486 KiB  
Article
Computational Screening of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Ethylene Purification from Ethane/Ethylene/Acetylene Mixture
by Yageng Zhou, Xiang Zhang, Teng Zhou and Kai Sundmacher
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(5), 869; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12050869 - 4 Mar 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2376
Abstract
Identification of high-performing sorbent materials is the key step in developing energy-efficient adsorptive separation processes for ethylene production. In this work, a computational screening of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for the purification of ethylene from the ternary ethane/ethylene/acetylene mixture under thermodynamic equilibrium conditions is [...] Read more.
Identification of high-performing sorbent materials is the key step in developing energy-efficient adsorptive separation processes for ethylene production. In this work, a computational screening of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for the purification of ethylene from the ternary ethane/ethylene/acetylene mixture under thermodynamic equilibrium conditions is conducted. Modified evaluation metrics are proposed for an efficient description of the performance of MOFs for the ternary mixture separation. Two different separation schemes are proposed and potential MOF adsorbents are identified accordingly. Finally, the relationships between the MOF structural characteristics and its adsorption properties are discussed, which can provide valuable information for optimal MOF design. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Porous Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, and Application)
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