Submit to Special Issue Submit Abstract to Special Issue Review for Nutrients Propose a Special Issue

Journal Browser

Recent Advances in Nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics

Special Issue Editors
Special Issue Information
Keywords
Published Papers

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 October 2024 | Viewed by 4535

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Lynnette Ferguson

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
Interests: nutrigenetics; nutrigenomics; nutrigenomics technologies; genetic toxicology; DNA damage and repair; environmental mutagenesis; environmental carcinogenesis; mechanisms of anticancer drug action; gene–diet interactions—particularly in prostate and colorectal cancer; inflammatory bowel disease and other inflammation-related disorders
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Dr. Ahmed El-Sohemy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Interests: nutrigenetics; nutrigenomics; biomarkers; food preferences; genetic testing; cardiometabolic disease; athletic performance
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics are important scientific fields which make major contributions to human health and performance by optimising the appropriate intake of various nutrients and food bioactives. Nutrigenetics associates specific genes with the requirement for specific nutrients, and is now more commonly called personalised or precision nutrition.

Personalised nutrition has been recognised as an evolving field, and there are various companies of differing validity that offer tests that form the basis of this personalisation. Various science laboratories are utilising "omics sciences", including transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics, and the comprehensive analysis of microbial communities such as the gut microbiome in order to understand the mechanisms by which certain food products and/or diets confer a health benefit. They also support potential health claims that may be made on the basis of this information.

This Special Issue welcomes submissions of original research articles or review articles involving human subjects where various “omics” technologies are used to determine the effects of individual differences in response to nutrition on various health or performance outcomes.

Prof. Dr. Lynnette Ferguson
Prof. Dr. Ahmed El-Sohemy
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

nutrigenetics
nutrigenomics
personalized nutrition
precision nutrition
omics sciences
microbiome
metabolism
nutritional genomics

Published Papers (4 papers)

Download All Papers

Research

Jump to: Review

12 pages, 579 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Deciphering the Interplay between Genetic Risk Scores and Lifestyle Factors on Individual Obesity Predisposition

by Danyel Chermon and Ruth Birk

Nutrients 2024, 16(9), 1296; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16091296 - 26 Apr 2024

Viewed by 260

Abstract

Obesity’s variability is significantly influenced by the interplay between genetic and environmental factors. We aimed to integrate the combined impact of genetic risk score (GRS_BMI) with physical activity (PA), sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), wine intake, and eating habits score (EHS) on obesity predisposition risk. Adults’ (n = 5824) data were analyzed for common obesity-related single nucleotide polymorphisms and lifestyle habits. The weighted GRS_BMI was constructed and categorized into quartiles (Qs), and the adjusted multivariate logistic regression models examined the association of GRS_BMI with obesity (BMI ≥ 30) and lifestyle factors. GRS_BMI was significantly associated with obesity risk. Each GRS_BMI unit was associated with an increase of 3.06 BMI units (p ≤ 0.0001). PA markedly reduced obesity risk across GRS_BMI Qs. Inactive participants’ (≥90 min/week) mean BMI was higher in GRS_BMI Q3–Q4 compared to Q1 (p = 0.003 and p < 0.001, respectively). Scoring EHS ≥ median, SSBs (≥1 cup/day), and non-wine drinking were associated with higher BMI within all GRS_BMI Qs compared to EHS < median, non-SSBs, and non-wine drinkers. Mean BMI was higher in GRS_BMI Q4 compared to other quartiles (p < 0.0001) in non-wine drinkers and compared to Q1 for SSB’s consumers (p = 0.07). A higher GRS_BMI augmented the impact of lifestyle factors on obesity. The interplay between GRS_BMI and modifiable lifestyle factors provides a tailored personalized prevention and treatment for obesity management. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

18 pages, 1907 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Role of Dietary Factors on DNA Methylation Levels of TNF-Alpha Gene and Proteome Profiles in Obese Men

by Chayanisa Boonrong, Sittiruk Roytrakul, Prapimporn Chattranukulchai Shantavasinkul, Piyamitr Sritara and Jintana Sirivarasai

Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 877; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16060877 - 18 Mar 2024

Viewed by 707

Abstract

Integrated omics-based platforms from epigenomics and proteomics technologies are used to identify several important mechanisms in obesity etiology, food components, dietary intake, regulation of biological pathways, and potential new intervention targets. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze whether dietary factors involved in the methylation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α are implicated in differential protein expression in people with normal weight and obesity. Methods: The participants were classified into the non-obese (N = 100) and obese (N = 133) groups. DNA methylation levels of the TNF-alpha gene and proteomics were analyzed using the pyrosequencing method and LC-MS-MS, respectively. Results: Comparison between geometric means of DNA methylation of TNF-α showed lower levels in subjects with obesity than in those without obesity (p < 0.05). There were associations between dietary factors and some metabolic syndrome components and TNF-α DNA methylation levels. Proteomic analysis showed important signaling pathways related to obesity, with 95 significantly downregulated proteins and 181 upregulated proteins in the non-obese group compared with the obese group. Conclusion: This study shows an association between the dietary factors involved in the methylation of TNF-α and differential protein expression related to obesity. However, a large sample size in future studies is required to confirm our results. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 289 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Polymorphism rs17300539 in the Adiponectin Promoter Gene Is Related to Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Resistance, and Adiponectin Levels in Caucasian Patients with Obesity

by Daniel de Luis Roman, Olatz Izaola Jauregui and David Primo Martin

Nutrients 2023, 15(24), 5028; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15245028 - 07 Dec 2023

Viewed by 1399

Abstract

Background and Aims: The present study was designed to investigate SNP rs17300539 in the ADIPOQ gene and its relationships with obesity, metabolic syndrome (MS), and serum circulating adiponectin. Methods: The present design involved a Caucasian population of 329 subjects with obesity. Anthropometric and adiposity parameters, blood pressure, biochemical parameters, and the percentage of patients with metabolic syndrome were recorded. The ADIPOQ gene variant (rs17300539) genotype was evaluated. Results: The percentage of patients with different genotypes of the rs17300539 polymorphism in this sample was 86.0% (n = 283) (GG), 11.2% (n = 37) (GA), and 2.7% (n = 9) (AA). The allele frequency was G (0.76) and A (0.24). Applying the dominant genetic model (GG vs. GA + AA), we reported differences between genotype GG and genotype GA + AA for serum adiponectin levels (Delta: 7.5 ± 1.4 ng/mL; p = 0.03), triglycerides (Delta: 41.1 ± 3.4 mg/dL; p = 0.01), fastingcirculating insulin (Delta: 4.9 ± 1.1 mUI/L; p = 0.02), and insulin resistance as HOMA-IR (Delta: 1.4 ± 0.1 units; p = 0.02). The remaining biochemical parameters were not related to the genotype of obese patients. The percentages of individuals with MS (OR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.3–3.88; p = 0.01), hypertriglyceridaemia (OR = 2.66, 95% CI = 1.43–5.01; p = 0.01), and hyperglycaemia (OR = 3.31, 95% CI = 1.26–8.69; p = 0.02) were higher in GG subjects than patients with A allele. Logistic regression analysis reported an important risk of the presence of metabolic syndrome in GG subjects (OR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.21–4.11; p = 0.02) after adjusting for adiponectin, dietary energy intakes, gender, weight, and age. Conclusions: The GG genotype of rs17300539 is associated with hypertriglyceridaemia, insulin resistance, low adiponectin levels, and a high risk of metabolic syndrome and its components. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics)

Review

Jump to: Research

35 pages, 2399 KiB

Open AccessReview

Osteoarthritis in the Elderly Population: Preclinical Evidence of Nutrigenomic Activities of Flavonoids

by Flores Naselli, Daniele Bellavia, Viviana Costa, Angela De Luca, Lavinia Raimondi, Gianluca Giavaresi and Fabio Caradonna

Nutrients 2024, 16(1), 112; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16010112 - 28 Dec 2023

Viewed by 1455

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that is age-related and progressive. It causes the destruction of articular cartilage and underlying bone, often aggravated by inflammatory processes and oxidative stresses. This pathology impairs the quality of life of the elderly, causing pain, reduced mobility, and functional disabilities, especially in obese patients. Phytochemicals with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities may be used for long-term treatment of OA, either in combination with current anti-inflammatories and painkillers, or as an alternative to other products such as glucosamine and chondroitin, which improve cartilage structure and elasticity. The current systematic review provides a comprehensive understanding of the use of flavonoids. It highlights chondrocyte, cartilage, and subchondral bone activities, with a particular focus on their nutrigenomic effects. The molecular mechanisms of these molecules demonstrate how they can be used for the prevention and treatment of OA in the elderly population. However, clinical trials are still needed for effective use in clinical practice. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics)

► Show Figures