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Separations
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Research Progress for Isolation of Plant Active Compounds
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Research Progress for Isolation of Plant Active Compounds

A special issue of Separations (ISSN 2297-8739). This special issue belongs to the section "Analysis of Natural Products and Pharmaceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 September 2024 | Viewed by 2023

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Huaxiang Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Interests: submerged fermentation; active compound isolation of edible fungus
Dr. Yi Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Interests: resource distribution; classification of edible fungus

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plants usually can be used as food and medication and have a variety of biological activities, such as anticancer, antitumor, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, antiviral, immunoregulation, chelating heavy metals,  and gut microbiota regulation. In recent years, the beneficial effects of plant bioactive compounds on health have been gradually explored and attracted increasing attention. Plant-active compounds have the advantages of being rich in resources, easy to obtain, reasonably priced, and have little or no side effects. A number of plant products have been identified as sources of healthy food supplements and drugs for numerous types of cancer in humans, and multi-omics techniques have been used to investigate the active compounds from plants. Then, many compounds, including flavonoids, phenols, terpene, polysaccharides, nucleosides, alkaloids, sterols, anthraquinones, and antibiotics from different kinds of plants are considered to possess biological activities. However, the active compounds that play a biologically active role in plants should be clarified, which is conducive to exploring, developing, and utilizing the edible and medicinal value of plants to the greatest extent. Thus, scientific and systematic methodology needs to be used to extract, separate, purify, and identify the active compounds from plants. Moreover, the biological activities of the compounds can be further verified and clarified.

Therefore, it is my pleasure to invite you to contribute your research article, communication, or review to this Special Issue dedicated to techniques of active compound separation and identification in varied plants.

Dr. Huaxiang Li
Dr. Yi Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Separations is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plants
  • active compounds
  • extraction
  • isolation
  • identification
  • molecular structure
  • chromatography
  • mass spectrometry
  • nuclear magnetic resonance analysis
  • biological activity

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 4151 KiB  
Article
Cymbopogon citratus Water Extract and Methyl Jasmonate Improve Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism in Taiwanofungus camphoratus Mycelia
by Yeyan Wen, Zixuan Lin, Dongmei Lin, Biaosheng Lin, Gexin Chen, Zhanxi Lin and Jing Li
Separations 2024, 11(4), 127; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11040127 - 19 Apr 2024
Viewed by 629
Abstract
A rare medicinal fungus called Taiwanofungus camphoratus gives people resistance to illness. In order to effectively obtain high−quality T. camphoratus mycelia, we added Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) water extract (LWE), which was prepared using hot water and dry lemongrass leaves and methyl jasmonate (MJ) [...] Read more.
A rare medicinal fungus called Taiwanofungus camphoratus gives people resistance to illness. In order to effectively obtain high−quality T. camphoratus mycelia, we added Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) water extract (LWE), which was prepared using hot water and dry lemongrass leaves and methyl jasmonate (MJ) as an additive, in order to cultivate T. camphoratus mycelia. The components of LWE were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry as glucose (61.66%) and galactose (17.10%). Compare to the basal medium, 0.5–2.5 g·L−1 LWE and 5–25 μmol·L−1 MJ can enhance the proliferation of mycelia and the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Among them, the T. camphoratus mycelia growth rate increased to 1.292 ± 0.01 cm·d−1 and 1.285 ± 0.05 cm·d−1, improving by 2.5 g·L−1 LWE and 25 μmol·L−1 MJ, respectively. PUFAs are mainly composed of linoleic acid (LA) and oleic acid (OA). The contents of LA and OA were 0.28 ± 0.02 mg·g−1 and 0.23 ± 0.05 mg·g−1 after MJ treatment, while the contents of LA and OA were 0.08 ± 0.03 mg·g−1 and 0.05 ± 0.05 mg·g−1 after LWE treatment. Transcriptome analyses revealed that 367 and 232 genes within MJ and LWE treatment were significantly different from the basal medium. Out of 13 unigenes, FAD2−2, SCD, and FAD2−1 had the highest expression levels according to the quantitative RT−PCR result. The bioinformatics analysis showed that three genes are closely related to the M8 chromosome of T. camphoratus, and they are hydrophobic transmembrane proteins. The identification and investigation of fatty acid genes in T. camphoratus mycelia will be improved by our findings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research Progress for Isolation of Plant Active Compounds)
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13 pages, 1920 KiB  
Article
Structural Characterization and Immunological Activity of Polysaccharide Degradation Products from Phlebopus portentosus
by Dan Yu, Xiaoming Cai, Shuo Wang, Yi Li, Yuguang Du, Zhuo A. Wang, Siming Jiao and Zhenquan Yang
Separations 2024, 11(4), 105; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11040105 - 30 Mar 2024
Viewed by 727
Abstract
Phlebopus portentosus is an edible and medicinal mushroom with a delicious taste and high nutritional value. The oligosaccharides derived from P. portentosus may be the material basis for its biological activity. The degradation of polysaccharide and the maintenance of its activity after degradation [...] Read more.
Phlebopus portentosus is an edible and medicinal mushroom with a delicious taste and high nutritional value. The oligosaccharides derived from P. portentosus may be the material basis for its biological activity. The degradation of polysaccharide and the maintenance of its activity after degradation are key steps in related research. This study applied an acid degradation method to prepare P. portentosus refined polysaccharide (PPRP) with a smaller molecular weight, and the optimal hydrolysis conditions determined were a temperature of 80 °C, an acid concentration of 2 mol/L, and a hydrolysis time of 2 h. The polysaccharide structure and immune activity were then further investigated. The results showed that the PPRP comprised two fractions with approximate weights of 61,600 Da and 5500 Da. The monosaccharide composition of PPRP was mannose, rhamnose, glucose, and galactose, with a molar ratio of 1.00: 22.24: 2.93: 1.03. The major functional groups included O-H, C-H, C-O, and C-O-C. The glycosidic bond types were mainly α- and β-glycosidic bonds. Cell experiments demonstrated that PPRP could significantly increase the proliferation of macrophages and enhance the cytotoxicity of NK cells. Moreover, PPRP also significantly promoted the proliferation of B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes, especially at a concentration of 200 μg/mL. This study furnishes scientific evidence underlining the significant potential of PPRP in immune activity, thereby serving as a material basis and scientific bedrock for further investigations into the mechanism of P. portentosus oligosaccharide activity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research Progress for Isolation of Plant Active Compounds)
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Review

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22 pages, 1456 KiB  
Review
Bioactives in Cocoa: Novel Findings, Health Benefits, and Extraction Techniques
by Kristina Tušek, Davor Valinger, Tamara Jurina, Tea Sokač Cvetnić, Jasenka Gajdoš Kljusurić and Maja Benković
Separations 2024, 11(4), 128; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11040128 - 19 Apr 2024
Viewed by 315
Abstract
Theobroma cacao L. seeds, commonly known as cocoa beans, are the foundation for cocoa and chocolate production. Following harvest, these beans undergo a multi-step processing chain including fermentation, drying, roasting, and grinding. This process yields cocoa solids, cocoa butter, and cocoa powder—all fundamental [...] Read more.
Theobroma cacao L. seeds, commonly known as cocoa beans, are the foundation for cocoa and chocolate production. Following harvest, these beans undergo a multi-step processing chain including fermentation, drying, roasting, and grinding. This process yields cocoa solids, cocoa butter, and cocoa powder—all fundamental ingredients in the food and beverage industry. Beyond its sensory appeal (flavor, aroma, and texture), cocoa has garnered significant interest for its potential health benefits attributed to a rich profile of bioactive compounds. Cocoa is a well-documented source of polyphenolics, specifically flavanols, alongside methylxanthines, phytosterols, and dietary fibers. These constituents have been associated with a diverse range of bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and anti-allergenic properties, potentially contributing to overall health maintenance. Efficient extraction techniques are crucial for maximizing the recovery of these valuable bioactive components from cocoa plant material. Modern methods are continuously being explored to optimize this process. This review focuses on the established health benefits associated with the bioactive compounds present in cocoa. Additionally, it will explore and discuss contemporary approaches for the extraction of these bioactive compounds from this plant source. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research Progress for Isolation of Plant Active Compounds)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Phytochemical Characterization of the Aqueous Extract of Peganum harmala Leaves (Laghouat, Algeria) and in vitro Evaluation of Antimitotic and Genotoxic Effects
Authors: Ouzid Yasmina1,2, Aiche-Iratni Ghenima2, Lahcen Souad2, Harchaoui Lina2, , Saadoun Noria3 et Houali Karim*2.
Affiliation: 1Faculty of Science-Department of Biology-University M’hamed Bougara- Boumerdes, 35000, Algeria. 2Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LABAB), University Mouloud Mammeri,Tizi-Ouzou,15000, Algeria. 3Laboratory Natural Resources (LNR), University Mouloud Mammeri, Tizi-Ouzou, 15000, Algeria.
Abstract: Peganum harmala L. is a medicinal plant that serves as a significant source of bioactive molecules with various biological activities, including anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antimitotic, and more. Consequently, it was intriguing to characterize the chemical composition of the leaf aqueous extract of P. harmala using HPLC-UV. The analysis revealed the presence of syringic acid, apigenin-7-glucoside, benzoic acid P-OH, catechin, cinnamic acid n-OH, and myricetin. The in vitro evaluation of the antimitotic and genotoxic effects of these secondary metabolites in the leaf aqueous extract of P. harmala was conducted through the Allium cepa L. test on meristematic cells by calculating mitotic parameters. The determination of the mitotic index revealed disruptions in cell division with a highly significant difference between the negative control, positive controls, and the aqueous extract. Exposure of meristematic cells to the aqueous extract, colchicine, and quercetin resulted in a large number of chromosomal, nuclear, and cellular aberrations, with an aberration index reaching 16.21±1.28% for the aqueous extract at 4 mg/ml and 11.71±3.32% for the aqueous extract at 10 mg/ml. The cytotoxicity limit value revealed that our samples are sublethal to the meristematic cells of A. cepa. Keywords: Peganum harmala L., leaf aqueous extract, Allium cepa L., secondary metabolites, antimitotic and genotoxic effects, Laghouat (Algeria), HPLC-UV.

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