Research on Fluid Flows: Modelling, Numerical Simulations, and Computational Dynamics

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydraulics and Hydrodynamics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2023) | Viewed by 3853

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Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
Interests: physical–chemical modelling; physical–statistical modelling; fluid dynamics; thermodynamics; chemical kinetics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Our planet’s fluid constituents, namely, the atmosphere and hydrosphere, make it particularly interesting for us to study fluid dynamics—the motion of gases and liquids. As we live and move within fluid states, we benefit from understanding the nature of flows: the motion through air and water (whether overcoming fluid resistances by, e.g., airplanes, cars or animals, or overcoming the Brownian motion of biochemical molecular aggregates), turbulences (in river flows or in the liquid–gas transition during combustion), passage through microscopic pores (in various membranes, e.g., for desalination, filtering, or obtaining a precise dosage of alcohol), and flow reactors of various kinds (e.g., UV reactors in the ballast water of ships for destruction of viruses and bacteria, enzymatic bioreactors).

Theoretical and modelling methods require suitable approximations; terms in the Navier–Stokes equation are neglected as judged by the nondimensional analysis of relevant forces, fluid stresses are averaged out in turbulent flows, and the compressibility of water is often neglected. Numerically, partial differential equations (PDEs) offer spatial resolution, ODEs track changes in time suitable for well-stirred reactors, and stochastic SDEs are used for uncertainty-driven problems. Validation against experiments is the ultimate test of every model, so statistical methods are used here to quantify differences between simulations and measurements.

In this Special Issue, we plan to showcase a broad scope of fluid problems, from micro- to macrodomains, including (but not limited to) microfluidics, porous flows, and river turbulence. The aim is to feature a variety of useful theoretical and computational methods, including CFD, data-driven grey-box AI models, and perturbative approximations.

Dr. Goran Goranovic
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • from micro to macro fluid modelling
  • perturbative approximations
  • grey-box AI modelling
  • CFD
  • microfluidics
  • porous flows
  • turbulence
  • flow reactors

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 1454 KiB  
Article
Modulational Instability of Nonlinear Wave Packets within (2+4) Korteweg–de Vries Equation
by Oksana Kurkina, Efim Pelinovsky and Andrey Kurkin
Water 2024, 16(6), 884; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16060884 - 19 Mar 2024
Viewed by 638
Abstract
The higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation with combined nonlinearities is derived by an asymptotic reduction from the (2+4) Korteweg–de Vries model for weakly nonlinear wave packets for the context of interfacial waves in a three-layer symmetric media. Focusing properties and modulation instability effects are [...] Read more.
The higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation with combined nonlinearities is derived by an asymptotic reduction from the (2+4) Korteweg–de Vries model for weakly nonlinear wave packets for the context of interfacial waves in a three-layer symmetric media. Focusing properties and modulation instability effects are discussed for the considered physical context. Instability growth rate, maximum of the increment and the boundaries of the instability interval are derived in terms of three-layer density stratification, their structure on the parameter planes of relative layer depth, carrier wavenumber and envelope amplitude, are considered in detail. Full article
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27 pages, 701 KiB  
Article
Electrohydrodynamic (In)Stability of Microfluidic Channel Flows: Analytical Expressions in the Limit of Small Reynolds Number
by Goran Goranović, Mads Peter Sørensen, Henrik Bruus and Morten Brøns
Water 2024, 16(4), 544; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16040544 - 9 Feb 2024
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Abstract
We study electrohydrodynamic (EHD) linear (in)stability of microfluidic channel flows, i.e., the stability of interface between two shearing viscous (perfect) dielectrics exposed to an electric field in large aspect ratio microchannels. We then apply our results to particular microfluidic systems known as two-liquid [...] Read more.
We study electrohydrodynamic (EHD) linear (in)stability of microfluidic channel flows, i.e., the stability of interface between two shearing viscous (perfect) dielectrics exposed to an electric field in large aspect ratio microchannels. We then apply our results to particular microfluidic systems known as two-liquid electroosmotic (EO) pumps. Our novel results are detailed analytical expressions for the growth rate of two-dimensional EHD modes in Couette–Poiseuille flows in the limit of small Reynolds number (R); the expansions to both zeroth and first order in R are considered. The growth rates are complicated functions of viscosity-, height-, density-, and dielectric-constant ratio, as well as of wavenumbers and voltages. To make the results useful to experimentalists, e.g., for voltage-control EO pump operations, we also derive equations for the impending voltages of the neutral stability curves that divide stable from unstable regions in voltage–wavenumber stability diagrams. The voltage equations and the stability diagrams are given for all wavenumbers. We finally outline the flow regimes in which our first-order-R voltage corrections could potentially be experimentally measured. Our work gives insight into the coupling mechanism between electric field and shear flow in parallel-planes channel flows, correcting an analogous EHD expansion to small R from the literature. We also revisit the case of pure shear instability, when the first-order-R voltage correction equals zero, and replace the renowned instability mechanism due to viscosity stratification at small R with the mechanism due to discontinuity in the slope of the unperturbed velocity profile. Full article
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29 pages, 53954 KiB  
Article
Parametrization of Eddy Mass Transport in the Arctic Seas Based on the Sensitivity Analysis of Large-Scale Flows
by Gennady Platov, Dina Iakshina and Elena Golubeva
Water 2023, 15(3), 472; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15030472 - 25 Jan 2023
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Abstract
The characteristics of eddy mass transport are estimated depending on the values of the parameters of a large-scale flow that forms under the conditions of the shelf seas in the Arctic. For this, the results of numerical simulation of the Kara Sea with [...] Read more.
The characteristics of eddy mass transport are estimated depending on the values of the parameters of a large-scale flow that forms under the conditions of the shelf seas in the Arctic. For this, the results of numerical simulation of the Kara Sea with a horizontal resolution permitting the development of mesoscale eddies are used. The multiple realizations of eddy mass flux resulting from a numerical experiment are considered as a statistical sample and are analyzed using methods of sensitivity study and clustering of sample elements. Functional dependencies are obtained that are closest to the simulated distributions of quantities. These expressions make it possible, within the framework of large-scale models, to evaluate the characteristics of the cross-isobathic eddy mass transport in the diffusion approximation with a counter-gradient flux. Numerical experiments using the SibCIOM model showed that areas along the Fram branch of the Atlantic waters trajectory in the Arctic as well as the shelf of the East Siberian and Laptev seas with adjacent deep water areas are most sensitive to the proposed parametrization of eddy exchanges. Accounting for counter-gradient eddy fluxes turned out to be less important. Full article
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