Potable Water: Quality of Raw Water and Finished Potable Water, Production of Potable Water, Contaminations of Potable Water

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water and One Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2019) | Viewed by 8037

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Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, POB 1627, FI 70211 Kuopio, Finland
Interests: pesticides; soil microorganisms, disinfection
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Dear Colleagues,

Daily, every person needs some liters of safe drinking water and water used for food preparation. The amount of this water depends on climate, physical activity, body size, etc. Already, many people have difficulties to get this essential water—at least during dry periods. Sometimes, groundwater can be safe without any treatments. If surface waters are used as raw water for potable water, usually, different treatments are needed to reduce organic matter, to control pH, to disinfect water, etc. We can get water by fetching it from wells or springs, or by buying it in bottles, tanks or via private or common taps. In some areas, families, schools, etc., use different, additional filters or heating treatments to make water safe. All stages, from raw water quality and its treatments in water supply plants up to final storage in bottles, tanks or distribution pipe systems, have effect on the final quality of drinking water and, thus, on human health and wellbeing. Unfortunately, the price of water does not often correspond with the safety of water, so that water piped to homes in industrial countries can be safe and cheap, but water bought in bottles or tanks in developing countries can be expensive and unprotected.

Dr. Helvi Heinonen-Tanski
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • contamination of water
  • disinfection
  • drinking water
  • fresh water
  • water availabilty
  • water safety

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 2006 KiB  
Article
Physico-chemical Characteristics of Corrosion Scales from Different Pipes in Drinking Water Distribution Systems
by Manjie Li, Zhaowei Liu and Yongcan Chen
Water 2018, 10(7), 931; https://doi.org/10.3390/w10070931 - 13 Jul 2018
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 6678
Abstract
Corrosion scales formed on iron pipe surfaces are an important factor defining water quality in drinking water distribution systems, since they would release contaminants and cause water discoloration at transient hydrodynamic regimes. Consequently, characterization of corrosion scales is indispensable to water quality protection. [...] Read more.
Corrosion scales formed on iron pipe surfaces are an important factor defining water quality in drinking water distribution systems, since they would release contaminants and cause water discoloration at transient hydrodynamic regimes. Consequently, characterization of corrosion scales is indispensable to water quality protection. In this study, corrosion products were carefully collected from three old, corroded iron pipes made of different materials and exposed to different water qualities and operation conditions. Physico-chemical characteristics of these scales were determined using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Testing results show that scale characteristics, including micromorphology, porosity and composition, vary significantly due to different pipe materials, water qualities and hydraulic conditions. Zinc coatings in galvanized pipes contribute to metal corrosion prevention, while attention should be paid to zinc release. High corrosive surface water facilitates the formation of developed corrosion tubercles, in which the compact shell-like layer conduces to maintain the structural stability of corrosion scales under disturbance. Structural breaks and low-velocity zones in water distribution systems might be in high potential of contaminant release, since the inhomogeneous materials and unusual hydraulic conditions would result in unstable scale characteristics. Full article
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