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Volume 60
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10.3390/medicina60030462
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Article

Musculoskeletal Pain, Physical Activity, Muscle Mass, and Mortality in Older Adults: Results from the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging (KLoSHA)

by
Sun-Woo Hwang
1,
Chang-Woo Kim
2,
Yun-Jeong Jang
2,
Chang-Han Lee
2,
Min-Kyun Oh
2,
Ki-Woong Kim
3,
Hak-Chul Jang
4,
Jae-Young Lim
5,
Se-Woong Chun
2 and
Seung-Kyu Lim
6,*
1
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
2
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon 51472, Republic of Korea
3
Department of Neurospsychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
4
Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
5
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
6
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Medicina 2024, 60(3), 462; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60030462
Submission received: 9 January 2024 / Revised: 23 February 2024 / Accepted: 9 March 2024 / Published: 11 March 2024
(This article belongs to the Topic New Advances in Musculoskeletal Disorders)
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Abstract

Background and objectives: Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain significantly impacts physical activity and quality of life in older adults, potentially influencing mortality. This study explored the relationship between MSK pain, physical activity, muscle mass, and mortality among older adults. Material and Methods: We studied 1000 participants in the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging (KLoSHA), a prospective, population-based cohort study of people aged 65 years or older. Survival status was tracked over a 5-year period. Correlations between low back pain (LBP), knee pain, regular exercise, appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM), and other variables were analyzed. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for mortality. Results: Of the total participants, 829 (82.9%) survived over a 5-year period. Survivors tended to be younger, had a higher BMI, and were more active in regular exercise. In contrast, non-survivors exhibited a higher prevalence of both LBP and knee pain, along with increased instances of multiple MSK pains. Lower ASM correlated moderately with LBP and knee pain, whereas higher ASM was associated with regular exercise. There was a moderate correlation between LBP and knee pain, both of which were associated with a lack of regular exercise. Age, sex, ASM, and regular exercise were significant predictors, even though MSK pain itself did not directly predict all-cause mortality. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the independent association between ASM, regular exercise, and mortality. Although MSK pain did not directly correlate with all-cause mortality, the non-survivor group had higher levels of both single and multiple MSK pains. Recognizing the interplay of MSK pain, physical activity, and muscle mass for older adults, the research underscores the need for holistic strategies to enhance health outcomes in older individuals with MSK pain.
Keywords: low back pain; musculoskeletal pain; exercise; muscle; skeletal; mortality low back pain; musculoskeletal pain; exercise; muscle; skeletal; mortality

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hwang, S.-W.; Kim, C.-W.; Jang, Y.-J.; Lee, C.-H.; Oh, M.-K.; Kim, K.-W.; Jang, H.-C.; Lim, J.-Y.; Chun, S.-W.; Lim, S.-K. Musculoskeletal Pain, Physical Activity, Muscle Mass, and Mortality in Older Adults: Results from the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging (KLoSHA). Medicina 2024, 60, 462. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60030462

AMA Style

Hwang S-W, Kim C-W, Jang Y-J, Lee C-H, Oh M-K, Kim K-W, Jang H-C, Lim J-Y, Chun S-W, Lim S-K. Musculoskeletal Pain, Physical Activity, Muscle Mass, and Mortality in Older Adults: Results from the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging (KLoSHA). Medicina. 2024; 60(3):462. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60030462

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hwang, Sun-Woo, Chang-Woo Kim, Yun-Jeong Jang, Chang-Han Lee, Min-Kyun Oh, Ki-Woong Kim, Hak-Chul Jang, Jae-Young Lim, Se-Woong Chun, and Seung-Kyu Lim. 2024. "Musculoskeletal Pain, Physical Activity, Muscle Mass, and Mortality in Older Adults: Results from the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging (KLoSHA)" Medicina 60, no. 3: 462. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60030462

APA Style

Hwang, S.-W., Kim, C.-W., Jang, Y.-J., Lee, C.-H., Oh, M.-K., Kim, K.-W., Jang, H.-C., Lim, J.-Y., Chun, S.-W., & Lim, S.-K. (2024). Musculoskeletal Pain, Physical Activity, Muscle Mass, and Mortality in Older Adults: Results from the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging (KLoSHA). Medicina, 60(3), 462. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60030462

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