Micromachines, Volume 10, Issue 7

To improve the drag-reducing and antifouling performance of marine equipment, it is indispensable to learn from structures and materials that are found in nature. This is due to their excellent properties, such as intelligence, microminiaturization,...

Hydrogen is one of the most important clean energy sources of the future. Because of its flammability, explosiveness, and flammability, it is important to develop a highly sensitive hydrogen sensor. Among many gas sensing materials, zinc oxide has ex...

Acoustic differential extraction has been previously reported as a viable alternative to the repetitive manual pipetting and centrifugation steps for isolating sperm cells from female epithelial cells in sexual assault sample evidence. However, the e...

In this report, we propose a micro vacuum chuck (MVC) which can connect three-dimensional (3D) tissues to a tensile test system by vacuum pressure. Because the MVC fixes the 3D tissue by vacuum pressure generated on multiple vacuum holes, it is expec...

Chemosensory protein based olfactory biosensors are expected to play a significant role in next-generation volatile organic compound (VOC) detection systems due to their ultra-high sensitivity and selectivity. As these biosensors can perform most eff...

Highly localized (point) constrictions featuring a round geometry with ultra-sharp edges in silicon have been demonstrated for the reagent-free continuous-flow rapid mechanical lysis of mammalian cells on a single-cell basis. Silicon point constricti...

We have developed a novel phase modulator, based on fin-type electrodes placed at self-imaging positions of a silicon multimode interference (MMI) waveguide, which allows reduced scattering losses and relaxes the fabrication tolerance. The measured p...

Most of the microfluidics-related literature describes devices handling liquids, with only a small part dealing with gas-based applications, and a much smaller number of papers are devoted to the separation and/or detection of airborne inorganic part...

Two-dimensional vibration-assisted polishing (2D-VAP) is a new polishing approach proposed in recent years, which is considered to be very suitable for the polishing of micro-optical parts and micro-structured surfaces. The advantages of the 2D-VAP a...

In this work, the surge reliability of 1200 V SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) from various manufactures has been investigated in the reverse conduction mode. The surge current tests have been carried out in the channe...

In this study we present the design and functionality of a pneumatic drop-on-demand droplet generator that produces metallic micro particles with a size range of 300 µm to 1350 µm at high temperatures of up to 1600 °C. Molten metal dr...

Due to the limit in computing power arising from the Von Neumann bottleneck, computational devices are being developed that mimic neuro-biological processing in the brain by correlating the device characteristics with the synaptic weight of neurons....

An improved multi-recessed double-recessed p-buffer layer 4H–SiC metal semiconductor field effect transistor (IMRD 4H-SiC MESFET) with high power added efficiency is proposed and studied by co-simulation of advanced design system (ADS) and technology...

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an emerging technology in the field of dentistry. It uses a layer-by-layer manufacturing technique to create scaffolds that can be used for dental tissue engineering applications. While several 3D printing methodolo...

In this paper we describe the use of thread as a low-cost material for a microfluidic chemosensitivity assay that uses intact tumor tissue ex vivo. Today, the need for new and effective cancer treatments is greater than ever, but unfortunately, the c...

To date, the fields of biomaterials science and tissue engineering have shown great promise in creating bioartificial tissues and organs for use in a variety of regenerative medicine applications. With the emergence of new technologies such as additi...

This paper compares two laser-assisted processes developed by the authors for the fabrication of microwave devices based on nanowire arrays loaded inside porous alumina templates. Pros and cons of each process are discussed in terms of accuracy, repr...

As one of the most promising micro-machining methods, electrochemical micro-machining is widely used in the field of metal micro-structures. The electrochemical micro-milling on Nickel-base superalloy by using high-speed spiral electrode was studied...

Separating the particles from the liquid component of sample solutions is important for several microfluidic-based sample preparations and/or sample handling techniques, such as plasma separation from whole blood, sheath-free flow focusing, particle...

Wearable health monitoring smart systems based on flexible metal films are considered to be the next generation of devices for remote medical practice. However, cracks on the metallic surface of the films and difficulty in repeatability are the key i...

A novel on-chip integration of pressure plus 2-axis (X/Z) acceleration composite sensors for upgraded production of automobile tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) is proposed, developed, and characterized. Herein, the X-axis accelerometer is with...

We report on the design and the modeling of a three-dimensional (3D) printed flexure-based actuation mechanism for robotic microtweezers, the main body of which is a single piece of nylon. Our design aims to fill a void in sample manipulation between...

This paper presents a novel J band (220–325 GHz) MEMS switch design. The equivalent circuits, the major parameters, capacitance, inductance and resistance in the circuit were extracted and calculated quantitatively to carry out the radio freque...

The micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) safety-and-arming (S&A) device has the features of integration and miniaturization, which is one of the important directions of weapon development. Confined by the fabrication process, the silicon-based d...

On the search for the practical plasmonic materials beyond noble metals, aluminum has been emerging as a favorable candidate as it is abundant and offers the possibility of tailoring the plasmonic resonance spanning from ultra-violet to the infrared...

Neural electrodes enable the recording and stimulation of bioelectrical activity from the nervous system [...]

We have fabricated a fully-flexible, focus-tunable microlens array on a sheet and demonstrated its imaging capabilities. Each liquid lens of the array is individually tunable via electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) actuation and is situated on a poly...

In this paper, we report the effects of a side-polished fiber (SPF) coated with titanium (Ti) films in different thicknesses, namely 5 nm, 13 nm, and 36 nm, protected by a thin layer of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) such as molybdenum disu...

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have attracted increasing attention as important biomarkers for clinical and biological applications. Several microfluidic approaches have been demonstrated to separate CTCs using immunoaffinity or size difference from...

The purpose of this study was to develop a wearable waist exoskeleton to provide back support for industrial workers during repetitive lifting tasks and to assess reductions in back muscular activity. The ergonomic mechanical structure is convenient...

This study proposes a microfabricated resonant pressure sensor in which a pair of double-ended tuning forks were utilized as resonators where comb electrodes and single-crystal silicon-based piezoresistors were used for electrostatic excitation and p...

Multi-level cell (MLC) phase change memory (PCM) can not only effectively multiply the memory capacity while maintaining the cell area, but also has infinite potential in the application of the artificial neural network. The write and verify scheme i...

Sweat collection and real time monitoring of sweat rate play essential roles in physiology monitoring and assessment of an athlete’s performance during exercise. In this paper, we report a micropump for sweat simulant collection based on the ca...

Optical micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), micro-opto-electro-mechanical systems (MOEMS), or optical microsystems are devices or systems that interact with light through actuation or sensing at a micron or millimeter scale [...]

High efficiency perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) using PEDOT:PSS/MoO₃-ammonia composite hole transport layers (HTLs) with different MoO₃-ammonia ratios were prepared and characterized. For PeLEDs with one-step spin-coated CH₃NH₃PbBr₃ emitter...

The degeneration of adipocyte has been reported to cause obesity, metabolic syndrome, and other diseases. To treat these diseases, an effective in vitro evaluation and drug-screening system for adipocyte culture is required. The objective of this stu...

A tether-less inchworm-like capsule robot (ILCR) is promising to enable a non-invasive exploration of the colon, while existing ILCRs show barely satisfactory movement performance because the colon environment is nonstructural. In this current study,...

In the following study, we propose optical memristive switches consisting of a silicon waveguide integrated with phase-change material Ge₂Sb₂Te₅ (GST). Thanks to its high refractive index contrast between the crystalline and amorphous states, a minia...

This paper provides a generic way to fabricate a high-index contrast tapered waveguide platform based on dielectric crystal bonded on glass for sensing applications. As a specific example, KLu(WO₄)₂ crystal on a glass platform is made by means of a t...

The motility mechanism of prokaryotic organisms has inspired many untethered microswimmers that could potentially perform minimally invasive medical procedures in stagnant fluid regions inside the human body. Some of these microswimmers are inspired...

Bacterial viruses or phages have great potential in the medical and agricultural fields as alternatives to antibiotics to control nuisance populations of pathogenic bacteria. However, current analysis and purification protocols for phages tend to be...

Sprouting angiogenesis—the infiltration and extension of endothelial cells from pre-existing blood vessels—helps orchestrate vascular growth and remodeling. It is now agreed that fluid forces, such as laminar shear stress due to unidirectional flow i...

We previously reported on the preparation of supramolecular complexes by the 2:2:2 assembly of a dinuclear Zn²⁺-cyclen (cyclen = 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane) complex having a 2,2′-bipyridyl linker equipped with 0~2 long alkyl chains (Zn₂L¹~Z...

We present herein a unique concept of multifrequency induced-charge electroosmosis (MICEO) actuated directly on driving electrode arrays, for highly-efficient simultaneous transport and convective mixing of fluidic samples in microscale ducts. MICEO...

Tactile feedback technology has important development prospects in interactive technology. In order to enrich the tactile sense of haptic devices under simple control, a piezoelectric haptic feedback device is proposed. The piezoelectric tactile feed...

We demonstrate a dual-band plasmonic perfect absorber (PA) based on graphene metamaterials. Two absorption peaks (22.5 μm and 74.5 μm) with the maximal absorption of 99.4% and 99.9% have been achieved, respectively. We utilize this perfect absorber a...

A novel AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) with a high gate and a multi-recessed buffer (HGMRB) for high-energy-efficiency applications is proposed, and the mechanism of the device is investigated using technology computer aided desig...

This paper presents a detection method for characterizing the bonded interface of O₂ plasma activated silicon wafer direct bonding. The images, obtained by infrared imaging system, were analyzed by the software based on spatial domain and morphology...

Resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices with Ni/AlO_x/Pt-structure were manufactured by deposition of a solution-based aluminum oxide (AlO_x) dielectric layer which was subsequently annealed at temperatures from 200 °C to 300 °C, in increments of...

A facile hot injection approach to synthesize high-quality non-stoichiometric Zn_xAg_yInS_1.5+x+0.5y nanocrystals (NCs) in the size range of 2.8–3.1 nm was presented. The fluorescence spectra had single band gap features, and indicated the formati...