Comparative Analysis of Building Information Modeling (BIM) Patterns and Trends in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) with Developed Countries
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. BIM Adoption Status in the UAE
1.2. BIM Protocol and Global Mandates
2. Methodology
3. Results
- (1)
- Extent of Participant (parties and teams) Involvement
- (2)
- BIM Utilization by Phases of Projects’ Lifecycle
- (3)
- Tools utilized during BIM process
- (4)
- BIM benefits
4. Discussion and Implications
4.1. Extent of Participant (Parties and Teams) Involvement
4.2. BIM Utilization by Phases of Projects’ Lifecycle
“Once the airport is done, it will be operated for 25 years, including the operation stage, where BIM will play a major role. “This methodology will allow us to reach the necessary information and solve future operation problems related to the airport systems along the pre-commissioning and maintenance stages. In addition, BIM will be used for all dimensions. The 6th dimension includes both facility management and lifecycle management stage” [22].
“The client set this as a key requirement in order for the model to be used in the future for maintenance and development purposes” [54].
“Now, NATO has a quality 3D BIM model that can be used to operate their new headquarters” [21].
“Finally, the documentation of the building and its correspondence to an accurate digital model provided a valuable database for building maintenance” [30].
“However, most of these (expert’s firm) projects are still under construction phase. So, we did not reach actually to that phase (FM) where we are really running the system efficiently”.
4.3. Tools Utilized during BIM Process
4.4. BIM Benefits
“at the moment, we see something called the design intent model, and then we can see the contractor coming in and developing something from scratch, which is called a construction intent model. For many reasons, one of them is liability and risk; another is the modeling methodology; the other is the fact there is no trust between the contractor and the designer. The contractor would rather build something from scratch by themselves”.
“… contractors would never want to take (risk) their life ability to use someone else’s models”.
“99% of the time, the contractor would want to develop their own, and they would call that construction intent model. Because when the design is conceived, all the way to the detailed design or even tender stage of the design, the designer/consultant uses a different methodology; they use a different way of modeling and designing that are contractor cannot/do not easily utilize”.
“In the UK, it is totally different; the designer provides fully detailed drawings, so as a subcontractor, you need only to add hangers and support and continue to use the same model “.
4.5. Ranking BIM’s Benefits by Experts
4.6. Experts on Unrealized UAE BIM Potential in FM
“the municipality is asking to do a model, and that is it. That model could be empty or just like the simple exterior model and nothing inside. There was no auditing or reviewing, and eventually, the engineers were reviewing the information in 2D drawings”.
“in the UAE, the potential of utilizing BIM in FM stage is very high. Though our clients are well aware of what BIM can bring for them at FM stage, they do not know where to start”
“Facility operation is the new trend actually, and we are encouraging the clients to do it and so on, but, I think, except few attempts, there is no real yet full and efficient deployment. So, for some people trying to prove a concept, but it is not actually”.
“The asset information model can be handed over to the facility management team and operation or even the asset owners. And this has a lot more potential than receiving drawings and specs and information about the building in printouts and boxes”.
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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UAE BIM Cases | DC (Developed Countries) BIM Cases | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Typology | P ID | Project | Location | Year | P ID | Project | Country | Year |
Opera House | UA 1 | Dubai Opera House [19,20] | Dubai | 2013–2016 | DC 1 | Sydney Opera house [21] | Australia | 2007 |
Airport | UA 2 | Midfield Terminal, Airport [20,21] | Abu Dhabi | 2012–2023 | DC 2 | Istanbul Grand Airport [21,22] | Turkey | 2018 |
High-rise Tower | UA 3 | Damac Towers [2,23] | Dubai | 2012–2017 | DC 3 | Shanghai Tower [19,21] | China | 2008–2014 |
UA 4 | Burj Khalifa [24,25] | Dubai | 2004–2010 | DC 4 | Alto Tower [19,21] | France | 2011–2015 | |
UA 5 | Capital Gate [19] | Abu Dhabi | 2007–2011 | DC 5 | One Nine Elms [20,26] | UK | 2015–2023 | |
Stadium | UA 6 | Hazza Bin Zayed Stadium [27] | Abu Dhabi | 2012–2014 | DC 6 | CSKA Moscow Stadium [21] | Russia | 2016 |
Hospital | UA 7 | New Al Ain hospital [28] | Abu Dhabi | 2007–2011 | DC 7 | Queen Elizabeth Univ. Hospital [20] | UK | 2015 |
UA 8 | Mediclinic Parkview Hospital [23] | Dubai | 2015–2018 | DC 8 | Perth’s Children Hospital [20,21] | Australia | 2018 | |
Hotel | UA 9 | The Address JBR [19] | Dubai | 2015–2018 | DC 9 | Hilton Garden Inn Atlanta [29] | USA | 2006–2008 |
Shopping Mall | UA 10 | Al Zahia city center mall [19,21] | Sharjah | 2017–2021 | DC 10 | Easton Commercial Centre [21] | Finland | 2017 |
UA 11 | The Dubai Mall [19,27] | Dubai | 2015–2018 | DC 11 | Mall of Tripla [27] | Finland | 2015–2019 | |
Museum | UA 12 | Museum of the Future [19,21,30] | Dubai | 2015–2021 | DC 12 | V&A Dundee Museum [21] | UK | 2015–2018 |
UA 13 | Louvre Museum [21,30] | Abu Dhabi | 2009–2017 | DC 13 | House of the Future [20] | Germany | 2017 | |
Headquarter | UA 14 | Sharjah Bee’ah Headquarter [31] | Sharjah | 2016–2021 | DC 14 | NATO headquarters [21] | Belgium | 2010–2016 |
UA 15 | Aldar headquarters [19] | Abu Dhabi | 2007–2010 | DC 15 | Siemens Headquarters [21,32] | Switzerland | 2016–2018 |
UAE BIM Cases | Developed Countries BIM Cases | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
U A 1 | U A 2 | U A 3 | U A 4 | U A 5 | U A 6 | U A 7 | U A 8 | U A 9 | U A 10 | U A 11 | U A 12 | U A 13 | U A 14 | U A 15 | D C 1 | D C 2 | D C 3 | D C 4 | D C 5 | D C 6 | D C 7 | D C 8 | D C 9 | D C 10 | D C 11 | D C 12 | D C 13 | D C 14 | D C 15 | ||
Project Scope | Feasibility | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||||||||||||||
Concept Development | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||||
Design Development | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||
Design Documents | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||
Pre-construction | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||
Construction | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||
Operation | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||||||||||||
Participants | owner/developer | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
Architect | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||
Engineer | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||
Contractor | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
Subcontractor/Fabricator | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||
Facility operations/End users | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||||||||||
BIM Benefits | Feasibility study: Support for project scoping, cost estimation | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||||
Concept design: 1. Scenario planning | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||||||||||
2. Early and accurate visualizations | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||
3 Optimize energy efficiency and sustainability | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||||||||||||
Integrated design/cons.: 1. Automatic maintenance of consistency in design. | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||||||||||||
2. Enhanced building performance and quality. | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||||||||||
3. Checks against design intent. | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||||||||
4. Accurate and consistent drawing sets | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||||
Construction execution/coordination: 1. Earlier collaboration of multiple design disciplines | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||||
2. Synchronize design and construction planning. | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||||||||||
3. Produce sufficient drawings for contractor bidding. | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4. Discover errors before construction (clash detection). | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||
5. Drive fabrication and greater use of prefabricated components. | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||||||||
6. Support lean construction techniques. | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||||||||||||
7. Coordinate/synchronize procurement. | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||||||||||
Facility operation: 1. Lifecycle benefits regarding operating costs. | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
2. Lifecycle benefits regarding operating maintenance | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
Expert | Affiliation | Field/Role | Experience/Years in AEC | Organization Type | No. of Employees |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
E1 | Turner Construction—International LLC: Digital Construction Lead | BIM speaker, BIM conferences/events contributor and organizer. Government consulting and partnering | 18 | Construction/contractor | 171 |
E2 | Centre of Excellence in Smart Construction | Director- Consultant/BIM consultant | 12 | Consultancy/Research | 200 |
E3 | EVERSENDAI ENGINEERING (L.L.C.) | Detailing Manager/Innovation in construction and composite structures. BIM structural modeling | 15 | Steel Contractor | 99 |
E4 | ASGC: a leading construction conglomerate | Digital Innovation Manager/BIM specialist | 11 | construction conglomerate | 11,584 |
E5 | Engineering group | Engineer manager/BIM specialist | 14 | Engineering contracting | 525 |
E6 | KFM Consultant | Design and Technical | 7 | Consultancy | 1323 |
E7 | Redington Gulf FZE | Technical Consultant AEC | 18 | Autodesk Software Solution Distributor | 45 |
Feasibility Study | Concept Design | Integrated Design | Construction Execution/Coordination | Facility Operation | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
support for project scoping, cost estimation | Scenario planning | Early and accurate visualizations | Optimize energy efficiency and sustainability | Automatic maintenance of consistency in design | Enhanced building performance and quality | Checks against design intent | Accurate and consistent drawing sets | Earlier collaboration of multiple design disciplines | Synchronize design and construction planning | Produce sufficient drawings for contractor bidding | Discover errors before construction (clash detection) | Drive fabrication and greater use of prefabricated components | Support lean construction techniques | Coordinate / synchronize procurement | Lifecycle benefits regarding operating costs | Lifecycle benefits regarding operating maintenance | |
E 1 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||
E 2 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||||||
E 3 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 1 | ||||||||||||
E 4 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 3 | ||||||||||
E 5 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |||||||||||
E 6 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 4 | ||||||||||||
E 7 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 9 | 8 | |||||||
Ranking Scale: 1: Top-ranked; 9: lowest ranked |
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© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Abdalla, S.B.; Rashid, M.; Yahia, M.W.; Mushtaha, E.; Opoku, A.; Sukkar, A.; Maksoud, A.; Hamad, R. Comparative Analysis of Building Information Modeling (BIM) Patterns and Trends in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) with Developed Countries. Buildings 2023, 13, 695. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13030695
Abdalla SB, Rashid M, Yahia MW, Mushtaha E, Opoku A, Sukkar A, Maksoud A, Hamad R. Comparative Analysis of Building Information Modeling (BIM) Patterns and Trends in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) with Developed Countries. Buildings. 2023; 13(3):695. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13030695
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdalla, Salem Buhashima, Mamun Rashid, Moohammed Wasim Yahia, Emad Mushtaha, Alex Opoku, Ahmad Sukkar, Aref Maksoud, and Rawan Hamad. 2023. "Comparative Analysis of Building Information Modeling (BIM) Patterns and Trends in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) with Developed Countries" Buildings 13, no. 3: 695. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13030695