IL-1 Receptor Contributes to the Maintenance of the Intestinal Barrier via IL-22 during Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Experimental Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Animals
2.2. Experimental Groups and Obesity Induction
2.3. Nutritional and Obesity Parameters
2.4. Assessment of Glucose Intolerance
2.5. Detection of Total Cholesterol
2.6. RNA Extraction and Analysis of Gene Expression by RT-qPCR
2.7. DNA Extraction and Analysis of Bacterial Genes by qPCR
2.8. Intestinal Permeability by FITC-Dextran
2.9. Cell Extraction from Lamina Propria
2.10. Analysis of Leukocytes by Flow Cytometry
2.11. Histological Analysis and Calculation of Adipocyte Area
2.12. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Deficiency of IL-1R1 Exacerbates Obesity in the Diet-Induced Obesity Model (DIO)
3.2. IL-1R1−/− Mice Became More Glucose Intolerant and Develop MS after HFD Feeding
3.3. IL-1R1−/− Mice Had Compromised ILC3 Induction in the Small Intestine after HFD Feeding
3.4. IL-1R1−/− Mice Displayed IL-22 Reduction, Elevated Intestinal Permeability, and Bacterial Translocation after HFD Feeding
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Machado, M.S.G.; Rodrigues, V.F.; Barbosa, S.C.; Elias-Oliveira, J.; Pereira, Í.S.; Pereira, J.A.; Pacheco, T.C.F.; Carlos, D. IL-1 Receptor Contributes to the Maintenance of the Intestinal Barrier via IL-22 during Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Experimental Model. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 1717. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081717
Machado MSG, Rodrigues VF, Barbosa SC, Elias-Oliveira J, Pereira ÍS, Pereira JA, Pacheco TCF, Carlos D. IL-1 Receptor Contributes to the Maintenance of the Intestinal Barrier via IL-22 during Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Experimental Model. Microorganisms. 2024; 12(8):1717. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081717
Chicago/Turabian StyleMachado, Melissa S. G., Vanessa F. Rodrigues, Sara C. Barbosa, Jefferson Elias-Oliveira, Ítalo S. Pereira, Jéssica A. Pereira, Thaílla C. F. Pacheco, and Daniela Carlos. 2024. "IL-1 Receptor Contributes to the Maintenance of the Intestinal Barrier via IL-22 during Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Experimental Model" Microorganisms 12, no. 8: 1717. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081717