Influence of Copper on Oleidesulfovibrio alaskensis G20 Biofilm Formation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Bacterial Strain, Culture, and Growth
2.2. Experimental Setup for Planktonic Cells
2.3. Biofilm Formation in 96-Well Plates
2.4. Biofilm Growth on Glass Coupons
2.5. Estimation of Protein and Carbohydrate Content
2.6. RNA Isolation and cDNA Synthesis
2.7. RT-qPCR Gene Expression
2.8. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
2.9. Confocal Microscopy
3. Results and Discussions
3.1. Growth of OA G20 Under Variable Cu Concentrations
3.2. Biofilm Formation Under Copper Stress
3.2.1. Biofilm Growth in 96-Well Plates
3.2.2. Biofilm Formation on Glass Coupons
3.3. Copper Resistance Level of OA- G20 Planktonic and Biofilm Cells
3.4. Total Protein and Carbohydrate Analysis of Copper-Induced Biofilms
3.5. Microscopic Analysis of OA G20 Biofilm
3.6. Relative Expression Analysis of OA G20 Biofilms
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Thakur, P.; Gopalakrishnan, V.; Saxena, P.; Subramaniam, M.; Goh, K.M.; Peyton, B.; Fields, M.; Sani, R.K. Influence of Copper on Oleidesulfovibrio alaskensis G20 Biofilm Formation. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 1747. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12091747
Thakur P, Gopalakrishnan V, Saxena P, Subramaniam M, Goh KM, Peyton B, Fields M, Sani RK. Influence of Copper on Oleidesulfovibrio alaskensis G20 Biofilm Formation. Microorganisms. 2024; 12(9):1747. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12091747
Chicago/Turabian StyleThakur, Payal, Vinoj Gopalakrishnan, Priya Saxena, Mahadevan Subramaniam, Kian Mau Goh, Brent Peyton, Matthew Fields, and Rajesh Kumar Sani. 2024. "Influence of Copper on Oleidesulfovibrio alaskensis G20 Biofilm Formation" Microorganisms 12, no. 9: 1747. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12091747