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Review

Advances in High–Speed, High–Power Photodiodes: From Fundamentals to Applications

by
Qingtao Chen
1,2,*,
Xiupu Zhang
3,*,
Mohammad S. Sharawi
4 and
Raman Kashyap
1,2,5
1
Fabulas Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
2
Fabulas Laboratory, Poly–Grames Research Center, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
3
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada
4
Blue Origin LLC, Kent, WA 98032, USA
5
Fabulas Laboratory, Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(8), 3410; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14083410
Submission received: 29 February 2024 / Revised: 22 March 2024 / Accepted: 25 March 2024 / Published: 17 April 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Optical-Fiber-Related Technologies)

Abstract

High–speed, high–power photodiodes play a key role in wireless communication systems for the generation of millimeter wave (MMW) and terahertz (THz) waves based on photonics–based techniques. Uni–traveling–photodiode (UTC–PD) is an excellent candidate, not only meeting the above–mentioned requirements of broadband (3 GHz~1 THz) and high–frequency operation, but also exhibiting the high output power over mW–level at the 300 GHz band. This paper reviews the fundamentals of high–speed, high–power photodiodes, mirror–reflected photodiodes, microstructure photodiodes, photodiode–integrated devices, the related equivalent circuits, and design considerations. Those characteristics of photodiodes and the related photonic–based devices are analyzed and reviewed with comparisons in detail, which provides a new path for these devices with applications in short–range wireless communications in 6G and beyond.
Keywords: high–speed photodiodes; high–power photodiodes; millimeter–wave; terahertz wave; photodiode–integrated devices; wireless communication high–speed photodiodes; high–power photodiodes; millimeter–wave; terahertz wave; photodiode–integrated devices; wireless communication

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Chen, Q.; Zhang, X.; Sharawi, M.S.; Kashyap, R. Advances in High–Speed, High–Power Photodiodes: From Fundamentals to Applications. Appl. Sci. 2024, 14, 3410. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14083410

AMA Style

Chen Q, Zhang X, Sharawi MS, Kashyap R. Advances in High–Speed, High–Power Photodiodes: From Fundamentals to Applications. Applied Sciences. 2024; 14(8):3410. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14083410

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chen, Qingtao, Xiupu Zhang, Mohammad S. Sharawi, and Raman Kashyap. 2024. "Advances in High–Speed, High–Power Photodiodes: From Fundamentals to Applications" Applied Sciences 14, no. 8: 3410. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14083410

APA Style

Chen, Q., Zhang, X., Sharawi, M. S., & Kashyap, R. (2024). Advances in High–Speed, High–Power Photodiodes: From Fundamentals to Applications. Applied Sciences, 14(8), 3410. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14083410

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