Universe, Volume 7, Issue 6

We consider transport properties of the hypernuclear matter in neutron star cores. In particular, we calculate the thermal conductivity, the shear viscosity, and the momentum transfer rates for np${\Sigma }^{-}\Lambda e\mu$ composition of dense matter in $\beta$–equilibrium for...

Based on the spectropolarimetric data of 33 Seyfert type 1 galaxies observed with the BTA-6m telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory, we estimated the magnetic field values at the event horizon of the supermassive black hole $B_{\mathrm{H}}$ and the exp...

An accurate measurement of the ${}^{140}$Ce(n,$\gamma$) energy-dependent cross-section was performed at the n_TOF facility at CERN. This cross-section is of great importance because it represents a bottleneck for the s-process nucleosynthesis and determines to a l...

Superinsulators (SI) are a new topological state of matter, predicted by our collaboration and experimentally observed in the critical vicinity of the superconductor-insulator transition (SIT). SI are dual to superconductors and realise electric-magn...

BRITE-Constellation is devoted to high-precision optical photometric monitoring of bright stars, distributed all over the Milky Way, in red and/or blue passbands. Photometry from space avoids the turbulent and absorbing terrestrial atmosphere and all...

Motivated by the SU(2)${}_{\mathrm{CMB}}$ modification of the cosmological model $\Lambda$CDM, we consider isolated fuzzy-dark-matter lumps, made of ultralight axion particles whose masses arise due to distinct SU(2) Yang–Mills scales and the Planck mass $M_P$. In contrast to...

CP4 3HDM is a unique three-Higgs-doublet model equipped with a higher-order $CP$-symmetry in the scalar and Yukawa sector. Based on a single assumption (the minimal model with a $CP$-symmetry of order 4 and no accidental symmetry), it leads to a remarkab...

We propose Green functions scattering method to obtain the Casimir–Polder potential between anisotropic atom and one or two planar parallel plates. Lifshitz formula for pressure between two dielectric half-spaces separated by a vacuum slit is derived...

Invariant inclusive single-particle/jet cross sections in p–p collisions can be factorized in terms of two separable $p_T$ dependences, a $[p_T-\sqrt{s}]$ sector and an $[x_R-p_T-\sqrt{s}]$ sector. Here, we extend our earlier work by analyzing more extensive data to explore...

We present the observations of the artificial ionospheric heating experiment of EISCAT (European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association) on 22 February 2012 in Tromsø, Norway. When the pump is operating near the fourth electron gyrofrequency, the...

A new satellite-based experiment in the field of gravitation, SaToR-G, is presented. It aims to compare the predictions of different theories of gravitation in the limit of weak-field and slow-motion. The ultimate goal of SaToR-G is searching for pos...

The persistent thermal luminosity of magnetars and their outbursts suggest the existence of some internal heat sources located in their outer crust. The compression of matter accompanying the decay of the magnetic field may trigger exothermic electro...

It is by now well established that Dirac fermions coupled to non-Abelian gauge theories can undergo an Anderson-type localization transition. This transition affects eigenmodes in the lowest part of the Dirac spectrum, the ones most relevant to the l...

We prove that vector fields described by the generalized Proca class of theories do not admit consistent coupling with a gravitational sector defined by a scalar–tensor theory of the degenerate type. Under the assumption that there exists a frame in...

Temporal modulation of the quantum vacuum through fast motion of a neutral body or fast changes of its optical properties is known to promote virtual into real photons, the so-called dynamical Casimir effect. Empowering modulation protocols with spat...

Loop quantum cosmology is a conflicted field in which exuberant claims of observability coexist with serious objections against the conceptual and physical viability of its current formulations. This contribution presents a non-technical case study o...

We review a special class of $\mathcal{N}=2$ supergravity model that interpolates all the single-dilaton truncations of the maximal $\mathrm{SO}\left(8\right)$ gauged supergravity. We also provide explicit non-extremal, charged black hole solutions and their supersymmetric limits, as...

It is well known that active galactic nuclei (AGN) show various forms of interaction with their host galaxy, in a number of phenomena generally called AGN feedback. In particular, the relativistic plasma jets launched by a fraction of AGN can strongl...

The growing interest in axion-like particles (ALPs) stems from the fact that they provide successful theoretical explanations of physics phenomena, from the anomaly of the $CP$-symmetry conservation in strong interactions to the observation of an unexp...

For further insight into the perturbation technique within the framework of the asymptotic iteration method (PAIM), we suggest this method to be used as an alternative method to the traditional well-known perturbation techniques. We show by means of...

We consider Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet (EGB) inflationary models using the effective potential approach. We present evolution equations in the slow-roll regime using the effective potential and the tensor-to-scalar ratio. The choice of the effective poten...

The density dependence of nuclear symmetry energy is among the most uncertain parts of the Equation of State (EOS) of dense neutron-rich nuclear matter. It is currently poorly known especially at suprasaturation densities partially because of our poo...

Cosmic rays are a powerful tool for the investigation of the structure of the magnetic fields in the Galactic halo and the properties of the inter-stellar medium. Two parameters of the cosmic ray propagation models, the Galactic halo (half) thickness...

Introducing some fundamental concepts of quantum physics to high school students, and to their teachers, is a timely challenge. In this paper we describe ongoing research, in which a teaching–learning sequence for teaching quantum physics, whose insp...

We discuss the possibility that the distribution of relic wormholes may possess fractal properties. Relic wormholes and their fractal distributions are predicted in a natural way by lattice quantum gravity models. This provides a new approach to some...

We construct global phase portraits of inflationary dynamics in teleparallel gravity models with a scalar field nonminimally coupled to torsion scalar. The adopted set of variables can clearly distinguish between different asymptotic states as fixed...

The effect of plasma Coulomb microfied dynamics on spectral line shapes is under consideration. The analytical solution of the problem is unachievable with famous Chandrasekhar–Von-Neumann results up to the present time. The alternative methods are c...

Study of accretion onto wormholes is rather rare compared to that onto black holes. In this paper, we consider accretion flow of cosmological dark energy modeled by barotropic fluid onto the celebrated Ellis–Bronnikov wormhole (EBWH) built by Einstei...

As an extension of our previous paper, instead of the total deflection angle $\alpha$, we will mainly focus on the discussion of measurable angle of the light ray ${\psi }_P$ at the position of observer P in Kerr–de Sitter spacetime, which includes the cosmological...

The likelihood ratio for a continuous gravitational wave signal is viewed geometrically as a function of the orientation of two vectors; one representing the optimal signal-to-noise ratio, and the other representing the maximised likelihood ratio or...

Presolar grains and their isotopic compositions provide valuable constraints to AGB star nucleosynthesis. However, there is a sample of O- and Al-rich dust, known as group 2 oxide grains, whose origin is difficult to address. On the one hand, the ${}^{17}$O...

The search for signs of life through the detection of exoplanet atmosphere biosignature gases is gaining momentum. Yet, only a handful of rocky exoplanet atmospheres are suitable for observation with planned next-generation telescopes. To broaden pro...

The rapid changes in science and technology witnessed in recent decades have significantly contributed to the arousal of the awareness by decision-makers and the public as a whole of the need to strengthen the connection between outreach activities o...

In this review, after a general introduction to the Effective String Theory (EST) description of confinement in pure gauge theories, we discuss the behaviour of EST as the temperature is increased. We show that, as the deconfinement point is approach...

The poorly known properties of high-density strongly-interacting matter govern the structure of neutron stars and the dynamics of neutron star mergers. New insight has been and will be gained by astronomical observations, such as the measurement of m...

We revisit the cosmological dynamics of the cubic Galileon model in light of the recently proposed model-independent analyses of the Pantheon supernova data. At the background level, it is shown to be compatible with data and preferred over standard...

Real Clifford algebras for arbitrary numbers of space and time dimensions as well as their representations in terms of spinors are reviewed and discussed. The Clifford algebras are classified in terms of isomorphic matrix algebras of real, complex or...

In this paper, we study the corrections to the Friedmann equations due to fast fluctuations in the universe scale factor. Such fast quantum fluctuations were recently proposed as a potential solution to the cosmological constant problem. They also in...

We discuss the “quantum deformed Schwarzschild spacetime”, as originally introduced by Kazakov and Solodukhin in 1993, and investigate the precise sense in which it does and does not satisfy the desiderata for being a “regular black hole”. We shall c...

Among the famous formulations of quantum mechanics, the stochastic picture developed since the middle of the last century remains one of the less known ones. It is possible to describe quantum mechanical systems with kinetic equations of motion in co...

On the basis of a limited number of reasonable axioms, we discuss the classification of all the possible universality classes of diffeomorphisms invariant metric theories of quantum gravity. We use the language of the renormalization group and adopt...

The accelerated expansion of the Universe is one of the main discoveries of the past decades, indicating the presence of an unknown component: the dark energy. Evidence of its presence is being gathered by a succession of observational experiments wi...

This work aims to extend two isotropic solutions to the anisotropic domain by decoupling the field equations in self-interacting Brans–Dicke theory. The extended solutions are obtained by incorporating an additional source in the isotropic fluid dist...

Hercules X-1 (Her X-1) has been monitored by MAXI and by Swift/BAT for over a decade. Those observations are analyzed to measure the shape and energy dependence of the long-term average of the 35-day cycle of Her X-1. The cross-correlation (CC) metho...

We investigate optical forces on oscillating dipoles close to a phase change vanadium dioxide (VO${}_2$) film, which exhibits a metal-insulator transition around 340 K and low thermal hysteresis. This configuration emulates the interaction between an illu...