Universe, Volume 9, Issue 4

We present a systematic and complementary study of quantum correlations near a black hole by considering measurement-induced nonlocality (MIN). The quantum measure of interest is discussed for the fermionic, bosonic and mixed fermion–boson mode...

For the general class of pseudo-Finsler spaces with $(\alpha ,\beta )$-metrics, we establish necessary and sufficient conditions such that these admit a Finsler spacetime structure. This means that the fundamental tensor has a Lorentzian signature on a...

The nature of dark matter (DM) is one of the most relevant questions in modern astrophysics. We present a brief overview of recent results that inquire into the possible fermionic quantum nature of the DM particles, focusing mainly on the interconnec...

High-energy lepton scattering constitutes the focus of this study. Developments are provided to motivate the basic choices of kinematic variables for the particular case of semi-inclusive electron scattering where these variables are devised to match...

Production of pions in high-energy collisions with nuclei in the kinematics prohibited for free nucleons (“cumulative pions”) is studied in the fusing color string model. The model describes the so-called direct mechanism for cumulative p...

In a paper published in 1939, Albert Einstein argued that Black Holes (BHs) did not exist “in the real world”. However, recent astronomical observations indicate otherwise. Does this mean that we should also expect White Holes (WHs) to ex...

The setting of the renormalization scale (${\mu }_r$) in the perturbative QCD (pQCD) is one of the crucial problems for achieving precise fixed-order pQCD predictions. The conventional prescription is to take its value as the typical momentum transfer Q i...

The characterization of young planet distribution is essential for our understanding of the early evolution of exoplanets. Here we conduct a systematic search for young planets from young open clusters and associations using the 2-min cadence TESS su...

We demonstrate that the celebrated Stückelberg formalism is modified in the case of a massive four (3 + 1)-dimensional (4D) Abelian 2-form theory due to the presence of a self-duality discrete symmetry in the theory. The latter symmetry entails...

Five-dimensional rotating black holes with two rotations could be overspun except for a single rotation, whereas a black hole in six dimensions always obeys the weak cosmic censorship conjecture (WCCC) in the weak form even for linear particle accret...

The clock comparison experiments to test special relativity mainly include the Michelson–Morley experiment, Kennedy–Thorndike experiment, Ives–Stilwell experiment and the comparison experiment of atomic clocks in two locations. Thes...

A new dynamical paradigm merging quantum dynamics with cosmology is discussed. We distinguish between a universe and its background space-time. The universe here is the subset of space-time defined by ${\mathsf{\Psi }}_{\mathsf{\tau }}\left(x\right)\ne 0$, where ${\mathsf{\Psi }}_{\mathsf{\tau }}\left(x\right)$ is a solu...

DeWitt’s suggestion that the wave function of the universe should vanish at the classical Big Bang singularity is considered here within the framework of one-loop quantum cosmology. For pure gravity at one loop about a flat four-dimensional bac...

The recent discovery of Earth’s second Trojan asteroid (2020 XL${}_5$), which will remain in the vicinity of the Sun–[Earth+Moon] triangular Lagrangian point $L_4$ for at least 4000 years, has attracted the attention of the scientific community a...

Using a particular form of the quantum K-essence scalar field, we show that in the quantum formalism, a fractional differential equation in the scalar field variable, for some epochs in the Friedmann–Lema$\widehat{ı}$tre–Robertson–Walker...

Simple interpolation formulas are proposed for the description of the renormalization group (RG) scale dependences of the gravitational couplings in the framework of the 2-parameters Einstein-Hilbert (EH) theory of gravity and applied to a simple, an...

We explore the effect of neutron lifetime and its uncertainty on standard big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). BBN describes the cosmic production of the light nuclides, ${}^1\mathrm{H}$, D, ${}^3\mathrm{H}$+${}^3\mathrm{He}$, ${}^4\mathrm{He}$, and ${}^7\mathrm{Li}$+${}^7\mathrm{Be}$, in the first minutes of cosmic time. The neutron mea...

A proton is a bound state of a strong interaction, governed by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). The electric charge radius of a proton, denoted by $r_E^p$, characterizes the spatial distribution of its electric charge carried by the quarks. It is an importa...

General Relativity is an extremely successful theory, at least for weak gravitational fields; however, it breaks down at very high energies, such as in correspondence to the initial singularity. Quantum Gravity is expected to provide more physical in...

This paper reviews the puzzles in modern neutron lifetime measurements and related unitarity issues in the CKM matrix. It is not a comprehensive and unbiased compilation of all historic data and studies, but rather a focus on compelling evidence lead...

In this study, we give correlations between the geomagnetic storm (GS) intensity and parameters of solar and interplanetary (IP) phenomena. We also perform 3D geometry reconstructions of geo-effective coronal mass ejections (CMEs) using the recently...

The Higgs boson may serve as a portal to new physics beyond the standard model (BSM), which is implied by the theoretical naturalness or experimental anomalies. This review aims to briefly survey some typical Higgs-related BSM models. First, for the...

We obtained spectroscopy data for 761 Degenerate A (DA)white dwarfs (WDs) with multiple LAMOST observations. The radial velocity (RV) of each spectrum was calculated using the cross-correlation function method (CCF), and 60 DA WD binary candidates we...

We consider an extended phase space formulation for cosmological and spherically symmetric models in which the choice of a given $\overline{\mu }$-scheme can be implemented dynamically. These models are constructed in the context of the relational formalism...

We estimated the spin values of the supermassive black holes (SMBHs) of the active galactic nuclei (AGN) for a large set of Narrow Line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies assuming the inclination angle between the line of sight and the axis of the accretion d...

Heavy-ion research at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) during the first decade of data collection, approximately during the years 2000–2010, was primarily focused on the study of Au+Au collisions. The search for evidence of quark-gluo...

Using the geometric approach, we formulate a quantum theory in terms of Jordan algebras. We analyze the notion of a (quasi)particle (=elementary excitation of translation-invariant stationary state) and the scattering of (quasi)particles in this fram...

The primary purpose of this work is the provision of accurate, analytic, evolutionary templates for cosmological parameters and fundamental constants in a dynamical cosmology. A flat quintessence cosmology with a dark energy potential that has the ma...

Motivated by recent experimental progress in establishing the likely existence of (variants of) exotic hadrons, predicted to be formed by the strong interactions, various proposed concepts and ideas are compiled in an attempt to draft a coherent pict...

The thermodynamical quantities and response functions are useful to describe the particle production in heavy-ion collisions as they reveal crucial information about the produced system. While the study of isothermal compressibility provides an infer...

After a brief review of the different approaches to predicting the possible quantum gravity corrections to quantum field theory, we discuss in some detail the formulation based on a Gaussian reference frame fixing. Then, we utilize this scenario in t...

This paper reviews the theoretical and phenomenological implications of the swampland conjectures from the perspective of inflationary cosmology, focusing on warm inflation. We demonstrate how the swampland conjectures appear to favor the strong diss...

We uncover the general mechanism and the nature of today’s dark energy (DE). This is only based on well-known quantum physics and cosmology. We show that the observed DE today originates from the cosmological quantum vacuum of light particles,...

Modified gravity theories can be used for the description of homogeneous and isotropic cosmological models through the corresponding field equations. These can be cast into systems of autonomous differential equations because of their sole dependence...

In this paper, we compute two anisotropic static spherical solutions for two compact stellar candidates in the background of $f(G,T)$ gravity using the minimal geometric decoupling technique. The internal structure becomes anisotropic when an additiona...

Two important phenomena of the solar wind–magnetosphere–ionosphere coupling are auroral particle precipitation and the formation of ions flowing upward from the ionosphere. They have opposite transport directions of energy and substance....

In this article, we attempt to describe the cosmic late-time acceleration of the universe in the framework of $f(R,L_m)$ gravity, by using an effective equation of state, when bulk viscosity is taken into account. We presume a non-linear $f(R,L_m)$ functio...

We describe the construction of an optical-space, cylindrical black hole induced by high pressure in a dense fluid. Using an approximate analogy between curved spacetime and optics in moving dielectric media, we derive the mass of the black hole thus...

Casimir energy is always suggested as a possible source to create a traversable wormhole. It is also used to demonstrate the existence of negative energy, which can be created in a lab. To generalize this idea, Yukawa modification of a Casimir source...

The standard ΛCDM model, despite its agreement with observational data, still has some issues unaddressed, such as the problem of initial singularity. Solving that problem usually requires modifications of general relativity. However, there ap...

We will explain why time machines, although allowed in General Relativity, cannot be accessed by observers once we include quantum effects. Moreover, we will show that traversable wormholes cannot be turned into time machines without invoking the eff...

Superscaling in electron scattering from nuclei is re-examined, paying special attention to the definition of the averaged single-nucleon responses. The validity of the extrapolation of nucleon responses in the Fermi gas has been examined, which prev...

Assuming that the common-spectrum process in the NANOGrav 12.5-year dataset has an origin of scalar-induced gravitational waves, we study the enhancement of primordial curvature perturbations and the mass function of primordial black holes, by perfor...

We considered several different classes of asymptotically flat, rotating black objects in $d=5$ Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet (EGB) theory. These are black holes with two equal-magnitude angular momenta, in which case extremal configurations are st...