From Stand to Forest: Woody Plant Recruitment in an Andean Restoration Project
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Recruitment Characteristics
2.2. Recruiment Density and Diversity and Environmental Factors
3. Discussion
3.1. Recruitment Density and Environmental Factors
3.2. Recruitment Diversity and Environmental Factors
3.3. Implications for Andean Forest Restoration
4. Conclusions
5. Materials and Methods
5.1. Study Area
5.2. Response Variables
5.3. Predictor Variables
5.3.1. Edaphic Conditions
5.3.2. Plantation Structure and Diversity
5.3.3. Landscape Metrics
5.4. Statistical Analyses
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Species | Family | Abundance |
---|---|---|
Aegiphila sp. | Lamiaceae | 2 |
Ageratina popayanensis | Asteraceae | 1 |
Alchornea grandiflora | Euphorbiaceae | 6 |
Alchornea sp. | Euphorbiaceae | 1 |
Alchornea triplinervia | Euphorbiaceae | 3 |
Andesanthus lepidotus | Melastomataceae | 14 |
Araliaceae | Araliaceae | 1 |
Arecaceae sp. 1 | Arecaceae | 2 |
Asteraceae indet. | Asteraceae | 2 |
Asteraceae indet. 2 | Asteraceae | 3 |
Asteraceae indet. 3 | Asteraceae | 3 |
Austroeupatorium inulifolium | Asteraceae | 4 |
Baccharis brachylaenoides | Asteraceae | 1 |
Baccharis latifolia | Asteraceae | 4 |
Baccharis nitida | Asteraceae | 17 |
Baccharis sp. | Asteraceae | 2 |
Bocconia frutescens | Papaveraceae | 1 |
Cavendishia pubescens | Ericaceae | 1 |
Cecropia sp. | Urticaceae | 1 |
Cestrum nocturnum | Solanaceae | 1 |
Cestrum ochraceum | Solanaceae | 3 |
Cestrum sp. | Solanaceae | 7 |
Cestrum tomentosum | Solanaceae | 21 |
Chamaedorea sp. | Arecaceae | 2 |
Citharexylum subflavescens | Verbenaceae | 3 |
Clethra fagifolia | Clethraceae | 5 |
Clethra revoluta | Clethraceae | 2 |
Clethra sp. | Clethraceae | 47 |
Clidemia ciliata | Melastomataceae | 7 |
Clusia sp. 1 | Clusiaceae | 1 |
Clusia sp. 2 | Clusiaceae | 1 |
Clusia sp. 3 | Clusiaceae | 8 |
Croton magdalenensis | Euphorbiaceae | 85 |
Duranta erecta | Verbenaceae | 1 |
Erythrina edulis | Fabaceae | 1 |
Eucalyptus sp. | Myrtaceae | 3 |
Eupatorium sp. | Myrtaceae | 1 |
Fraxinus uhdei | Oleaceae | 70 |
Fuchsia sp. | Onagraceae | 3 |
Geissanthus sp. | Primulaceae | 1 |
Hedyosmum translucidum | Chloranthaceae | 31 |
Heliocarpus sp. | Malvaceae | 1 |
Hyeronima antioquensis | Phyllanthaceae | 1 |
Ladenbergia macrocarpa | Rubiaceae | 7 |
Lantana camara | Verbenaceae | 1 |
Lepechinia bullata | Lamiaceae | 10 |
Lycianthes radiata | Solanaceae | 1 |
Melastomataceae indet. 1 | Melastomataceae | 1 |
Meriania nobilis | Melastomataceae | 16 |
Miconia caudata | Melastomataceae | 28 |
Miconia domociliata | Melastomataceae | 1 |
Miconia jahnii | Melastomataceae | 1 |
Miconia lehmannii | Melastomataceae | 6 |
Miconia sp. | Melastomataceae | 1 |
Miconia stenostachya | Melastomataceae | 5 |
Miconia theaezans | Melastomataceae | 305 |
Monochaetum multiflorum | Melastomataceae | 1 |
Montanoa quadrangularis | Asteraceae | 92 |
Morella pubescens | Myricaceae | 13 |
Myrsine coriacea | Primulaceae | 186 |
Myrsine latifolia | Primulaceae | 2 |
Nectandra acutifolia | Lauraceae | 2 |
Ocotea leucoxylon | Lauraceae | 8 |
Oreopanax sp. | Araliaceae | 10 |
Palicourea acetosoides | Rubiaceae | 109 |
Palicourea angustifolia | Rubiaceae | 31 |
Palicourea apicata | Rubiaceae | 2 |
Palicourea garciae | Rubiaceae | 2 |
Palicourea sp. | Rubiaceae | 5 |
Palicourea sp. 2 | Rubiaceae | 2 |
Palicourea thyrsiflora | Rubiaceae | 65 |
Paratrophis insignis | Moraceae | 1 |
Persea caerulea | Lauraceae | 8 |
Piper sp. 1 | Piperaceae | 2 |
Piper sp. 2 | Piperaceae | 1 |
Prunus integrifolia | Rosaceae | 1 |
Psidium guajava | Myrtaceae | 18 |
Rhamnus sphaerosperma | Rhamnaceae | 1 |
Rubiaceae | Rubiaceae | 1 |
Saurauia sp. | Actinidiaceae | 8 |
Senna pistaciifolia | Fabaceae | 1 |
Senna sp. | Fabaceae | 1 |
Siparuna grandiflora | Siparunaceae | 1 |
Solanaceae indet. 1 | Solanaceae | 1 |
Solanaceae indet. 2 | Solanaceae | 1 |
Solanum dolosum | Solanaceae | 11 |
Solanum nutans | Solanaceae | 3 |
Solanum sp. | Solanaceae | 1 |
Solanum stellatiglandulosum | Solanaceae | 1 |
Solanum sycophanta | Solanaceae | 2 |
Toxicodendron striatum | Anacardiaceae | 9 |
Urera sp. | Urticaceae | 15 |
Verbesina helianthoides | Asteraceae | 121 |
Verbesina nudipes | Asteraceae | 4 |
Verbesina sp. | Asteraceae | 5 |
Viburnum undulatum | Viburnaceae | 49 |
Vismia baccifera | Hypericaceae | 18 |
Weinmannia balbisiana | Cunoniaceae | 2 |
Weinmannia pubescens | Cunoniaceae | 49 |
Plot | Total Recruits | Number of Species | Sample Coverage | Maximum Sample Coverage |
---|---|---|---|---|
PM01 | 86 | 7 | 95.39% | 97.64% |
PM02 | 101 | 19 | 92.12% | 95.23% |
PM03 | 11 | 6 | 65.37% | 79.75% |
PM04 | 17 | 7 | 77.18% | 86.47% |
PM05 | 11 | 5 | 65.91% | 83.23% |
PM07 | 31 | 9 | 87.31% | 92.39% |
PM08 | 34 | 9 | 79.59% | 84.77% |
PM09 | 41 | 8 | 95.35% | 99.37% |
PM10 | 118 | 27 | 83.94% | 88.31% |
PM12 | 68 | 11 | 94.20% | 97.88% |
PM14 | 20 | 4 | 90.95% | 98.77% |
PM16 | 167 | 25 | 93.42% | 94.51% |
PM19 | 57 | 9 | 94.86% | 98.65% |
PM20 | 61 | 16 | 82.02% | 85.05% |
PM21 | 192 | 21 | 95.86% | 98.81% |
PM22 | 64 | 11 | 95.36% | 97.63% |
PM23 | 91 | 15 | 94.55% | 97.56% |
PM24 | 56 | 13 | 83.99% | 87.22% |
PM25 | 101 | 19 | 99.02% | 99.95% |
PM26 | 175 | - | - | - |
PM27 | 125 | 15 | 96.84% | 99.29% |
PM28 | 176 | 23 | 93.76% | 95.67% |
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Species | Number of Individuals | Presence in Plots | Dispersal Mode |
---|---|---|---|
Miconia theaezans | 305 | 71.43% | Endozoochory [31] |
Myrsine coriacea * | 186 | 80.95% | Endozoochory [32] |
Verbesina helianthoides | 121 | 57.14% | Anemochory (achene) |
Palicourea acetosoides | 109 | 4.76% | Endozoochory [32] |
Montanoa quadrangularis * | 92 | 38.10% | Anemochory [33] |
Croton magdalenensis * | 85 | 57.14% | Endozoocoria [34] |
Fraxinus uhdei | 70 | 4.76% | Anemochory (samara) |
Palicourea thyrsiflora | 65 | 14.28% | Endozoochory [32] |
Viburnum undulatum | 49 | 42.86% | Endozoochory [35] |
Weinmannia pubescens * | 49 | 23.80% | Anemochory [36] |
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Piquer-Doblas, M.; Correa-Londoño, G.A.; Osorio-Vélez, L.F. From Stand to Forest: Woody Plant Recruitment in an Andean Restoration Project. Plants 2024, 13, 2474. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13172474
Piquer-Doblas M, Correa-Londoño GA, Osorio-Vélez LF. From Stand to Forest: Woody Plant Recruitment in an Andean Restoration Project. Plants. 2024; 13(17):2474. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13172474
Chicago/Turabian StylePiquer-Doblas, Marina, Guillermo A. Correa-Londoño, and Luis F. Osorio-Vélez. 2024. "From Stand to Forest: Woody Plant Recruitment in an Andean Restoration Project" Plants 13, no. 17: 2474. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13172474