Prolonged Post-Harvest Preservation in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) by Reducing Water Loss Rate and Chlorophyll Degradation Regulated through Lighting Direction-Induced Morphophysiological Improvements
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Morphological and Growth Parameters
2.2. Morphological Characteristics of the Epidermal Cells and Stomata
2.3. Photosynthetic and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics
2.4. Carbohydrates and Soluble Proteins
2.5. The Change in Chlorophyll Content, Chlorophyllase (CLH), and Pheophytinase (PPH) Activities
2.6. The Change in Water Loss Rate
2.7. The Change in Membrane Permeability
2.8. The Change in β-Galactosidase (β-GAL) Activity and Brittleness
3. Discussion
3.1. Variations in the Lighting Direction Combinations: Their Effects on Anatomical, Physiological, Morphological, and Growth Parameters of Lettuce Plants
3.2. Variations in the Lighting Direction Combinations: Relationship between Culture Environmental Lighting and Post-Harvest Fresh-Keeping of Lettuce Plants
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Materials, Growth Conditions, and Experimental Setup
4.2. Measurements of Morphological, Growth Parameters, and Post-Harvest Storage Condition
4.3. Anatomical Observation of Leaves
4.4. Measurements of Photosynthetic and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Indexes
4.5. Measurements of Carbohydrates and Soluble Proteins
4.6. Measurement of Water Loss Rate
4.7. Measurement of Relative Conductivity
4.8. Measurement of Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content
4.9. Measurement of Brittleness
4.10. Measurement of Chlorophyll Content
4.11. Measurements of Activities of β-Galactosidase (β-GAL), Chlorophyllase (CLH), and Pheophytinase (PPH)
4.12. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treatment | Shoot | Leaf 4 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Height 2 (cm) | Crown Width 3 (cm) | Fresh Weight (g) | Dry Weight (g) | Number | Length (cm) | Width (cm) | |
T | 19.87 ± 1.76 b 1 | 28.67 ± 1.27 b | 61.14 ± 2.34 c | 6.67 ± 0.96 c | 15.67 ± 1.93 b | 13.96 ± 1.12 c | 11.63 ± 0.91 ab |
TS | 17.73 ± 2.03 c | 31.07 ± 1.54 a | 83.10 ± 2.77 a | 15.13 ± 1.06 a | 21.33 ± 1.37 a | 14.86 ± 1.33 bc | 12.43 ± 0.82 a |
TB | 23.70 ± 2.17 a | 25.40 ± 2.01 c | 72.40 ± 2.15 b | 10.53 ± 1.11 b | 16.03 ± 1.88 b | 15.90 ± 1.23 b | 11.03 ± 0.67 b |
SB | 8.77 ± 1.86 d | 19.23 ± 1.66 d | 27.69 ± 1.78 d | 2.36 ± 0.99 d | 12.06 ± 1.11 c | 18.90 ± 1.93 a | 8.47 ± 0.94 c |
TSB | 18.07 ± 1.79 bc | 25.65 ± 1.91 c | 60.91 ± 2.11 c | 5.62 ± 1.02 cd | 15.73 ± 1.96 b | 17.00 ± 1.90 ab | 10.30 ± 0.72 bc |
Treatment | Abbreviation | Light Intensity (μmol∙m−2∙s−1 Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD)) per Light Direction 1 |
---|---|---|
Top (1/1) | T | 600 |
Top (1/2) + Side (1/2) | TS | 300 |
Top (1/2) + Bottom (1/2) | TB | 300 |
Side (1/2) + Bottom (1/2) | SB | 300 |
Top (1/3) + Side (1/3) + Bottom (1/3) | TSB | 200 |
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Yang, J.; Song, J.; Liu, J.; Dong, X.; Zhang, H.; Jeong, B.R. Prolonged Post-Harvest Preservation in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) by Reducing Water Loss Rate and Chlorophyll Degradation Regulated through Lighting Direction-Induced Morphophysiological Improvements. Plants 2024, 13, 2564. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182564
Yang J, Song J, Liu J, Dong X, Zhang H, Jeong BR. Prolonged Post-Harvest Preservation in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) by Reducing Water Loss Rate and Chlorophyll Degradation Regulated through Lighting Direction-Induced Morphophysiological Improvements. Plants. 2024; 13(18):2564. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182564
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Jingli, Jinnan Song, Jie Liu, Xinxiu Dong, Haijun Zhang, and Byoung Ryong Jeong. 2024. "Prolonged Post-Harvest Preservation in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) by Reducing Water Loss Rate and Chlorophyll Degradation Regulated through Lighting Direction-Induced Morphophysiological Improvements" Plants 13, no. 18: 2564. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182564