Introduced Herbivores Threaten the Conservation Genetics of Two Critically Endangered Single-Island Endemics, Crambe sventenii and Pleudia herbanica
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sampling and DNA Isolation
2.2. Microsatellite Development
2.3. Genetic Analysis
2.4. Species Distribution Modeling
2.4.1. Niche Modeling
2.4.2. Predictor Selection
2.4.3. Modeling Procedure and Evaluation
2.4.4. Ensemble Modelling for Current Habitat Projections
3. Results
3.1. Genetic Assessment
3.1.1. Crambe sventenii
3.1.2. Pleudia herbanica
3.2. Habitat Suitability
4. Discussion
4.1. Crambe sventenii, Highly Fragmented with Low Population Sizes
4.2. Pleudia herbanica, Low Genetic Diversity and Self-Compatible
4.3. Botanical Garden Reservoir
4.4. Implications for Conservation
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Species | Region | Population | N | NTA | Na | NPA | Ar | P (%) | Sr (%) | Ho | He | FIS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C. sventenii | C-JBOT | 10 | 48 | 2.40 | 1 | 2.36 | 100.00 | 2.60 | 0.474 | 0.475 | 0.002 | |
C-SAL | 15 | 57 | 2.85 | 11 | 2.71 | 95.00 | 2.60 | 0.433 | 0.448 | 0.035 | ||
C-OLI | 15 | 41 | 2.05 | 2 | 1.95 | 80.00 | 19.40 | 0.293 | 0.301 | 0.025 | ||
C-PEÑ | 15 | 49 | 2.45 | 1 | 2.35 | 100.00 | 12.50 | 0.387 | 0.422 | 0.086 | ||
C-VIG | 14 | 45 | 2.25 | 4 | 2.17 | 75.00 | 1.80 | 0.321 | 0.328 | 0.020 | ||
C-COL | 16 | 30 | 1.50 | 4 | 1.44 | 45.00 | 20.40 | 0.119 | 0.125 | 0.054 * | ||
C-CAR | 18 | 28 | 1.40 | 1 | 1.37 | 40.00 | - | 0.097 | 0.120 | 0.196 * | ||
Total | 103 | 94 | 2.13 | 24 | - | 76.40 | 9.88 | 0.304 | 0.305 | - | ||
P. herbanica | P-JBOT | 15 | 34 | 2.27 | 0 | 1.70 | 86.67 | 26.40 | 0.276 | 0.360 | 0.242 ** | |
West | P-CAR | 9 | 20 | 1.33 | 0 | 1.24 | 33.33 | - | 0.081 | 0.134 | 0.405 * | |
P-RES | 80 | 28 | 1.87 | 1 | 1.24 | 66.67 | 37.70 | 0.099 | 0.129 | 0.234 ** | ||
P-SIS | 2 | 18 | 1.20 | 0 | 1.20 | 20.00 | - | 0.033 | 0.122 | 0.800 | ||
Total | 91 | 66 | 2.13 | 1 | 2.08 | 80.00 | 45.00 | 0.096 | 0.148 | 0.356 ** | ||
South | P-COL | 6 | 25 | 1.67 | 0 | 1.50 | 60.00 | - | 0.367 | 0.279 | −0.358 | |
P-VLAR | 50 | 39 | 2.60 | 2 | 1.76 | 93.33 | 32.50 | 0.290 | 0.392 | 0.262 ** | ||
Total | 56 | 64 | 2.67 | 2 | 2.67 | 93.33 | 28.30 | 0.298 | 0.391 | 0.239 ** | ||
East | P-VIG | 16 | 24 | 1.60 | 1 | 1.39 | 46.67 | 28.40 | 0.158 | 0.207 | 0.242 * | |
P-PEÑ | 4 | 18 | 1.20 | 0 | 1.16 | 20.00 | - | 0.133 | 0.090 | −0.600 | ||
P-OLI | 8 | 26 | 1.73 | 0 | 1.46 | 53.33 | 49.20 | 0.116 | 0.238 | 0.532 ** | ||
P-SAL | 12 | 21 | 1.40 | 0 | 1.15 | 26.67 | 61.20 | 0.072 | 0.076 | 0.056 | ||
P-POZ | 30 | 26 | 1.73 | 0 | 1.42 | 60.00 | - | 0.188 | 0.220 | 0.146 ** | ||
Total | 71 | 115 | 2.27 | 1 | 2.23 | 73.33 | 22.20 | 0.150 | 0.264 | 0.434 ** |
Source of Variation | Degrees of Freedom | Sum of Squares | Variance Components | Percentage of Variation (%) | F Statistic | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P. herbanica | Between regions | 2 | 259.1 | 0.73 | 13.37 | FCT = 0.134 *** |
Between populations within regions | 7 | 68.5 | 0.22 | 4.07 | FSC = 0.047 *** | |
Within populations | 428 | 1940.7 | 4.53 | 82.56 | ||
Total | 437 | 2268.2 | 5.49 | FST = 0.174 *** | ||
C. sventenii | Between populations | 5 | 663.4 | 4.20 | 59.7 | |
Within populations | 180 | 508.9 | 2.80 | 40.3 | ||
Total | 185 | 1172.3 | 7.00 | FST = 0.597 *** |
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Rodríguez-Rodríguez, P.; Sarmiento Cabello, S.; Scholz, S.; Curbelo, L.; Sosa, P.A. Introduced Herbivores Threaten the Conservation Genetics of Two Critically Endangered Single-Island Endemics, Crambe sventenii and Pleudia herbanica. Plants 2024, 13, 2573. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182573
Rodríguez-Rodríguez P, Sarmiento Cabello S, Scholz S, Curbelo L, Sosa PA. Introduced Herbivores Threaten the Conservation Genetics of Two Critically Endangered Single-Island Endemics, Crambe sventenii and Pleudia herbanica. Plants. 2024; 13(18):2573. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182573
Chicago/Turabian StyleRodríguez-Rodríguez, Priscila, Sonia Sarmiento Cabello, Stephan Scholz, Leticia Curbelo, and Pedro A. Sosa. 2024. "Introduced Herbivores Threaten the Conservation Genetics of Two Critically Endangered Single-Island Endemics, Crambe sventenii and Pleudia herbanica" Plants 13, no. 18: 2573. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182573