Fire, Volume 6, Issue 8

Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 lays down harmonized conditions for marketing construction products in the European Union. One of its consequences has been the introduction of the product standard EN 50575 and standard EN 130501-6, concerning power, cont...

Electric Vehicles (EVs) offer a promising solution to reduce the environmental impact compared to internal combustion engine vehicles. However, EV adoption in Australia has been hindered by concerns over fire safety. This study aims to comprehensivel...

Semiclosed tunnels are very common in engineering construction. They are not connected, so they easily accumulate heat. Once a fire breaks out in a semiclosed tunnel, the route for rescue workers to enter is limited, so it is tough to get close to th...

This work analyzes a new indoor laboratory dataset looking at early fire indicators in controlled and realistic experiments representing different incipient fire scenarios. The experiments were performed within the constraints of an indoor laboratory...

Externally bonded fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) have been widely used for strengthening and retrofitting applications. However, their efficacy is hindered by the poor resistance of their epoxy resins to elevated temperatures and their limited comp...

A deeper understanding of the influence of fine-scale fuel patterns on fire behavior is essential to the design of forest treatments that aim to reduce fire hazard, enhance structural complexity, and increase ecosystem function and resilience. Of par...

To accurately simulate realistic pedestrian evacuation from a fire, a cellular automaton model of the dynamic changes in pedestrian movement parameters is developed in conjunction with fire dynamics software. The fire dynamics software is used to sim...

Accurate predictions of daily wildfire growth rates are crucial, as extreme wildfires have become increasingly frequent in recent years. The factors which determine wildfire growth rates are complex and depend on numerous meteorological factors, topo...

The process of combustion of a liquid fuel layer (diesel, kerosene, gasoline, separated petroleum, and oil) in the presence of CO₂ hydrate has been studied. These fuels are widely used in engineering, which explains the great interest in effective me...

The generation of biomass residues in different productive activities of rural communities in Mexico represents an area of opportunity for the generation of bioenergy for various purposes. Solid biofuels (SBF), for example, are an alternative for the...

The soot produced by fossil fuel combustion affects climate and human health, and the ethylene laminar flame is a crucial research object of soot generation. After verifying the accuracy of the numerical calculation model by comparing experimental da...

Among various calamities, conflagrations stand out as one of the most-prevalent and -menacing adversities, posing significant perils to public safety and societal progress. Traditional fire-detection systems primarily rely on sensor-based detection t...

In recent years, changes in climate, land cover, and sociodemographic dynamics have created new challenges in wildfire management. As a result, advanced and integrated approaches in wildfire science have emerged. The objective of our study is to use...

Flame recognition is an important technique in firefighting, but existing image flame-detection methods are slow, low in accuracy, and cannot accurately identify small flame areas. Current detection technology struggles to satisfy the real-time detec...

Assessing the characteristics of fuel flammability during fire is of major significance regarding fire intensity and fire spread control. Under the background of shifting forest composition from heliophytic to mesophytic species in mixed-oak forests,...

This study uses a combined research approach based on remote-sensing and numerical modeling to quantify the effects of burned areas on the surface climate in the two Brazilian biomes most affected by fires: the tropical savanna and the Amazon rainfor...

Forest fires are becoming a more significant problem in Central Europe, but their danger is not as high as that in Southern Europe. The exception, however, is forest fires occurring in disturbed areas (windthrow and bark beetle outbreak areas), which...

There is a complex interaction between lightning-caused fire behavior and the flora and fauna of the forest, which involves the influence of a large number of ecological factors. However, more comprehensive simulation studies under multi-system inter...

A fire whirl, a unique fire behavior, occurs when a vertical vortex of flames skyrockets due to specific surrounding temperatures and thermal gradient conditions during a fire. Compared with conventional fire plumes, fire whirls exhibit a higher air...

The functional group structures of coal molecules are one of the most important factors affecting spontaneous combustion. However, it is difficult to determine the exact effects of such structures. Extraction technology is able to modify the function...

Targeting the challenges in the risk analysis of laboratory fire accidents, particularly considering fire accidents in Chinese universities, an integrated approach is proposed with the combination of association rule learning, a Bayesian network (BN)...

The effectiveness of fire towers in combating forest fires relies on their appropriate observation angles, enabling a swift and efficient response to fire incidents. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of 49 fire towers located...

Large areas of forests burn annually in Siberia. Pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) generated by wildfires acts as a stable carbon deposit and plays an important role in the global carbon cycle. Little is known about the properties of PyOM formed during...

This study developed an objective approach for determining fire source location based on an artificial neural network (ANN) model. The samples for the ANN model were obtained from computational fluid dynamics simulations. A data preprocessor was devi...

Efforts to delineate the influence of atmospheric variability on regional wildfire activity have previously been complicated by the stochastic occurrence of ignition and large fire events, particularly for Southern California, where anthropogenic mod...

Throughout the larch range, warming leads to frequent fires and an increase in burned areas. We test the hypothesis that fires are an essential natural factor that reset larch regeneration and support the existence of larch forests. The study area in...

Historical land and fire management practices coupled with climate change and modern human development pressures are contributing to larger, more frequent, and more severe wildfires across Western U.S. forests. Human ignitions are the predominant cau...

As a way to accommodate the rising demand for “green” wood-based products, agricultural waste from Areca (Areca catechu) nut farms, which is generally burned on-site, can be used to raise the value of alternative lignocellulosic raw mater...

The Victorian Government Inquiry into wildfires that killed 173 people in 2009 has driven an Australian policy shift from self-evacuation or staying and defending a well-prepared property (‘go or stay’) to self-evacuation under catastroph...

The layout of a city is complex, and indoor spaces have thousands of aspects that make them susceptible to fire. If a fire breaks out, it is difficult to quell, so a fire in the city will cause great harm. However, the traditional fire detection algo...

This paper aims to provide a better understanding of the transition towards a new paradigm of wildfire risk management in Victoria that incorporates Aboriginal fire knowledge. We show the suitability of cultural burning in the transformed landscapes,...

One of the most effective methods of preventing large-scale wildfires is creating fuelbreaks, buffer zones whose purpose is to stop or delay the spread of the fire, providing firefighters an opportunity to control the fire. Fuelbreaks are already app...

The paper presents the results of the development of a multi-layer protective product, which is a transformable fire barrier, installed in buildings and structures to limit the spread of flame, heat flow and smoke. Based on the results of the simulat...

The recent expansion of logistics capacities entails the installation of chemical warehouses, which operations increase the occurrence of compartment fires involving flammable dangerous substances. The aim of this research was to compare and analyze...

This research investigated potential fire hazards originating in hidden areas of pressurized sections of aircrafts. The objective was to establish a laboratory-scale flammability test method to predict the behavior of fire propagation under real fire...

To tackle the problem of missed detections in long-range detection scenarios caused by the small size of forest fire targets, initiatives have been undertaken to enhance the feature extraction and detection precision of models designed for forest fir...

Although wildfires are a common disturbance factor to the environment, some of them can cause significant environmental and socioeconomic losses, affecting ecosystems and people worldwide. The wildfire identification and assessment of their effects o...

Modeling the spread of wildland fires is essential for assessing and managing fire risks. However, this task remains challenging due to the partially stochastic nature of fire behavior and the limited availability of observational data with high spat...

Agro-industrial activities generate a great amount of bioproducts as biomass residues containing energy and with potentially useful applications in the thermochemical conversion process. The management of this feedstock as uncontrolled combustion (&l...

In aviation fire extinguishing systems, the extinguishing agent is stored in a bottle, which is pressurized by nitrogen. When fire occurs, the agent is discharged via pipe and nozzle to the target compartment. The geometry of the pipe has a significa...

Understanding how fire severity affects resprouting plants during post-fire regeneration is key to anticipating Mediterranean vegetation vulnerability in a context of increasingly large fires with high intensity and severity due to climate change. He...

The joint American–Russian Space Experiment Flame Design (Adamant) was implemented on the International Space Station (ISS) in the period from 2019 to 2022. The objectives of the experiment were to study the radiative extinction of spherical di...

Worsening climate change and increasing temperatures generate more sever and extended wildfires, raising concerns about ecosystem services. Prescribed burns (PB) are used to reduce forest fuel loads. Improving knowledge regarding the vegetation respo...

The spill fires caused by liquid fuel leaks greatly threaten the safety of fuel transportation and storage. In this work, the effect of fuel temperature on the spread characteristics of flowing flames was investigated through n-butanol spilling fire...

Climate change, vegetation dynamics, human activities and forest management influence the occurrence of fires. This study investigated the spatio-temporal variability of the Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and its influence on fire occurrence in thr...