Advanced Lighting Strategies for Controlling Crop Development and Quality

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant-Crop Biology and Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2025 | Viewed by 1501

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Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy
Interests: vegetables; greenhouse; plant physiology; artificial light; growth chamber; soilless; hydroponic; aquaponic; microgreens; sprouts; water management; nutrient solution; horticulturae; tomato; cucumber; melon; leafy vegetables; vegetables quality; agronomic technique; open field; grow media
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Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, MI, Italy
Interests: soilless systems; artificial light application; biostimulants; abiotic stresses
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Currently, with the introduction of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as a source of artificial lighting in horticulture, there has been considerable developments in the applications of this technique for both greenhouse and indoor applications. Similarly, the use of this technology has slowed down considerably due to the surge in electricity costs that occurred in the post-pandemic period and still carries some repercussions today.

This Special Issues aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in lighting strategies and their impact on the development and quality of vegetable, flower, and ornamental crops. It aims to explore cutting-edge research on the utilization of innovative light management systems with different wavelengths, light intensities, photoperiods, and lighting technologies to manipulate various aspects of plant growth, reducing electric energy requirement, and increasing the agronomic inputs’ use efficiency.

We are soliciting papers presenting original research, reviews, and perspectives on spectral manipulation, lighting technology innovations, physiological responses of plants to light, and practical applications of advanced lighting strategies in agriculture, horticulture, and controlled environment settings.

Dr. Onofrio Davide Palmitessa
Dr. Giacomo Cocetta
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • smart light management systems
  • input use efficiency
  • light emitting diodes (LEDs)
  • greenhouse horticulture
  • vertical farming
  • indoor farming
  • vegetables quality

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

26 pages, 10339 KiB  
Article
Harvesting Light: The Interrelation of Spectrum, Plant Density, Secondary Metabolites, and Cannabis sativa L. Yield
by Philipp Reichel, Sebastian Munz, Jens Hartung and Simone Graeff-Hönninger
Agronomy 2024, 14(11), 2565; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14112565 - 1 Nov 2024
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Abstract
The approaching legalisation and associated increasing demand for medicinal and recreational Cannabis sativa L. will lead to a growing relevance for lighting systems designed for Cannabis sativa L. The interplay between plant density, light spectrum, light distribution, yield, and secondary metabolite distribution within [...] Read more.
The approaching legalisation and associated increasing demand for medicinal and recreational Cannabis sativa L. will lead to a growing relevance for lighting systems designed for Cannabis sativa L. The interplay between plant density, light spectrum, light distribution, yield, and secondary metabolite distribution within the plant has not yet been studied. To fill this knowledge gap, a CBD-dominant Cannabis sativa L. strain was grown in a greenhouse experiment with two plant densities (2.66 and 12 plants −1 m−2) under two different light spectra. The chosen light spectra were two LED fixtures, Solray385 (SOL) and AP67, with an R: FR ratio of 12.9 and 3.7, respectively. The results indicated that light-induced effects on individual plants can be transferred to the plant stock. A low R: FR ratio induced a 16% increase in dry flower yield in the last ten days of flowering, while a change in the light spectrum could increase the potential maximum plant density per square metre. The two spectra did not affect (CBD + CBDA) yield, as a lower flower yield compensated for a higher concentration. CBDA concentration was not significantly affected by plant density. In contrast, the higher density led to an increased total cannabidiol concentration (CBD + CBDA) and altered the distribution of terpenes. Here, the light distribution over the plant stock is particularly decisive, as a more homogenous illumination led to an increased terpene concentration of up to 41%. A Photon Conversion Efficacy (PCE) of 0.05 g mol−1 under SOL and 0.06 g mol−1 under AP67 was achieved. Plants in the centre under the highest light intensity of 1200 PAR showed up to 48% reduced efficacy. These results strongly suggest that light intensity needs to be fine-tuned to the cultivation system to prevent a reduction in efficacy, resulting in yield and quality losses. Full article
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