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Agronomy
Special Issues
Effects of Spectrum and Light Intensity on Plant Growth Metabolism
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Effects of Spectrum and Light Intensity on Plant Growth Metabolism

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant-Crop Biology and Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 4348

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Houcheng Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Interests: photobiology of horticultural crops; plant factory production technology; efficient production technology for protected vegetables

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In this Special Issue, we want to provide a forum to share knowledge about the effect of light spectrum and intensity on the physiology, growth and metabolism of plants in order to improve the sustainability and quality of plant production. We welcome studies that improve plant economic value by using light spectrum and intensity regulation and interacting environmental factors, including temperature, water, nutrients, and others. Studies that imporve the biological and molecular mechanisms of increasing secondary metabolites which are potentially beneficial to human health are also welcome. Review papers and brief report providing opinions on opportunities that can be further untapped through modern biotechnology (e.g., gene editing) are of special interest.

Dr. Houcheng Liu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • artificial light technology
  • light intensity
  • light spectrum
  • plant growth and metabolism
  • molecular mechanisms
  • sustainability and quality of plant production

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4130 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Light Intensities on the Phenotypic Parameters of Cucumber Seedlings at Three Developmental Stages
by Bin Li, Xinyu Wei, Huazhong Lu, Xi Chen, Xingxing Zhou, Fengxi Yang and Junhong Zhao
Agronomy 2024, 14(3), 627; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14030627 - 20 Mar 2024
Viewed by 580
Abstract
Industrialized seeding production is one of the most important methods used to raise seedlings in a standardized and efficient manner. However, its consumption of light energy limits its development. In this paper, we studied the effects of LED light intensities (30 (L1), 60 [...] Read more.
Industrialized seeding production is one of the most important methods used to raise seedlings in a standardized and efficient manner. However, its consumption of light energy limits its development. In this paper, we studied the effects of LED light intensities (30 (L1), 60 (L2), 90 (L3), 120 (L4), 150 (L5), 180 (L6), and 210 (L7) µmol·m−2·s−1) on the phenotypic parameters and health index of seedlings during different growth stages (cotyledon flattening (CF), one bud and one leaf (OBOL), and one bud and two leaves (OBTL)). Ten out of sixteen plants were selected to measure the parameters in every treatment. The control group was treated with 150 µmol·m−2·s−1 all the time. The results show that the height of the L1-treated plants was greatest during the cotyledon flattening stage. The L7 treatment produced the largest stem diameter, the greatest biomass, the largest leaf area, and the largest leaf circumference, the values of which were 2.61 mm, 3.3 g, 60.67 cm2, and 39.71 cm, respectively. During the one bud and one leaf stage, the L1 treatment produced the tallest plants. The L7 treatment resulted in the largest stem diameter, the greatest biomass, the largest leaf area, and the largest leaf circumference. During the one bud and two leaves stage, the plant height, stem diameter, leaf circumference, and biomass produced of the L6 treatment were the greatest, with values of 68.37 mm, 3.09 mm, 51.54 cm, and 4.47 g. L5 resulted in the largest leaf area (63.91 cm2). The seedling index of the three stages showed an inflection point at the L4 level. The experimental results showed that the light intensity required by the cucumber seedlings was 120 µmol·m−2·s−1, 150 µmol·m−2·s−1, and 120 µmol·m−2·s−1 during the three stages, from the cotyledon flattening stage to the one bud and two leaves stage. The results provide references regarding the light required during the cultivation of cucumber seedlings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Spectrum and Light Intensity on Plant Growth Metabolism)
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21 pages, 8893 KiB  
Article
A Characterization of the Functions of OsCSN1 in the Control of Sheath Elongation and Height in Rice Plants under Red Light
by Shining Han, Yanxi Liu, Anor Bao, Tongtong Jiao, Hua Zeng, Weijie Yue, Le Yin, Miao Xu, Jingmei Lu, Ming Wu and Liquan Guo
Agronomy 2024, 14(3), 572; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14030572 - 13 Mar 2024
Viewed by 536
Abstract
The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is a conserved protein complex, with CSN1 being one of the largest and most important subunits in the COP9 complex. To investigate the N-terminus function of OsCSN1, we edited the N-terminus of OsCSN1 and found that the mutant of [...] Read more.
The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is a conserved protein complex, with CSN1 being one of the largest and most important subunits in the COP9 complex. To investigate the N-terminus function of OsCSN1, we edited the N-terminus of OsCSN1 and found that the mutant of OsCSN1 with 102 amino acids missing at the N-terminus showed insensitivity to red light in terms of the embryonic sheath, stem elongation, and main-root elongation. Moreover, the mutant was able to produce, develop, and bear fruit normally. The research results indicate that OsCSN1 is a negative regulator of stem elongation in rice seedlings regulated by red light. Under red-light treatment, OsCSN1 assembles into CSN, which degrades SLR1 through de NEDDylation, affecting PIL11 activity and ultimately inhibiting stem elongation. OsCSN1 also plays an important regulatory role in the inhibition of rice embryonic sheath elongation under red light. By regulating the degradation of SLR1 and PIL14 through the ubiquitin/26S protease pathway, the elongation of the embryonic sheath is ultimately inhibited. OsCSN1 forms a COP9 complex and is modified with RUB/NEDD8 of the E3 ligase of CUL1 to promote the degradation of SLR1 and PIL14, ultimately affecting the elongation of the embryonic sheath. The regulatory domain is located at the N-terminus of CSN1. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Spectrum and Light Intensity on Plant Growth Metabolism)
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16 pages, 2616 KiB  
Article
Hormone Signals Involved in the Regulation of Cucumber Seedling Lateral Branch Elongation by Far-Red Light
by Shuhao Li, Jun Tian, Shengxiang Ran, Yuqi Zhou, Hongdou Gao and Fenglin Zhong
Agronomy 2024, 14(2), 366; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14020366 - 12 Feb 2024
Viewed by 703
Abstract
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) lateral branch elongation is influenced by a variety of environmental signals, including light [e.g., far-red (FR) light] and hormones. In this experiment, the effect of FR light on the lateral branch elongation of cucumber (‘Zhongnong No. 26’) seedlings [...] Read more.
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) lateral branch elongation is influenced by a variety of environmental signals, including light [e.g., far-red (FR) light] and hormones. In this experiment, the effect of FR light on the lateral branch elongation of cucumber (‘Zhongnong No. 26’) seedlings was investigated. The results showed that FR light significantly inhibited the lateral branch elongation of cucumber seedlings. In addition, FR light significantly increased the auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA) content, decreased the cytokinin (CTK; Zeatin) content, and suppressed the expression of most CTK synthetic-related genes, such as IPTs, in cucumber seedlings. The lateral branch elongation of cucumber seedlings was assessed in response to decapitation and exogenous 6-BA treatment to further investigate the relationship between IAA and CTK on the lateral branch elongation of cucumber seedlings under FR light. Both decapitation and exogenous 6-BA treatment eliminated the inhibitory effect of FR light on the lateral branch elongation of cucumber seedlings. In conclusion, these results indicated that IAA and CTK were involved in the regulatory effects of FR light on cucumber seedling lateral branch elongation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Spectrum and Light Intensity on Plant Growth Metabolism)
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12 pages, 4979 KiB  
Article
Effects of Supplemental Red and Far-Red Light at Different Growth Stages on the Growth and Nutritional Properties of Lettuce
by Jun Ju, Shuchang Zhang, Youzhi Hu, Minggui Zhang, Rui He, Yamin Li, Xiaojuan Liu and Houcheng Liu
Agronomy 2024, 14(1), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14010055 - 24 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1027
Abstract
The understanding of the supplementation scheme of red (R) and far-red (FR) light in the cultivation of leafy vegetables in plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs) is still limited. This study investigated the effects of supplemental R and FR light at different plant [...] Read more.
The understanding of the supplementation scheme of red (R) and far-red (FR) light in the cultivation of leafy vegetables in plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs) is still limited. This study investigated the effects of supplemental R and FR light at different plant growth stages on the morphology, growth characteristics, and nutritional properties of lettuce. Supplemented R + FR throughout the entire growth stages was beneficial for the growth of lettuce, for which the total fresh weight was increased by 53.76%, and it also enhanced the content of soluble sugars by 39.98% and vitamin E by 34.21%. The pre-supplementation of FR light followed by supplementation of R light at various growth stages not only increase the total fresh weight of lettuce by 26.10% but also ensured that most nutritional indices did not decrease, and it even increased the content of soluble sugars by 35.24% while decreasing the nitrate content by 31.52%. The scheme of pre-supplementation of R light followed by the supplementation of FR light promoted a more upright plant architecture in lettuce, which was advantageous for improving the cultivation density of lettuce in plant factories with artificial lighting, thereby enhancing the yield/m2. Moreover, it could increase the vitamin E content of lettuce. The growth and nutritional properties of lettuce exhibit significant effects under different supplementation methods of R and FR light. In PFALs, the selection of different light supplement schemes also requires a careful balance between yield and quality. From an energy-saving perspective, the pre-supplementation of FR light followed by supplementation of R light at various plant growth stages is beneficial for lettuce production in PFALs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Spectrum and Light Intensity on Plant Growth Metabolism)
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18 pages, 2350 KiB  
Article
Organogenesis and Antioxidant Capacity of Streptocarpus ×hybridus In Vitro under Different LED Light Spectrum Composition
by Monika Cioć, Łukasz Łopusiewicz, Anna Pietrak, Rafał Firszt and Monika Sienkiewicz
Agronomy 2023, 13(12), 3009; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13123009 - 7 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1081
Abstract
Plants, whilst also having an ornamental role, are also a source of beneficial, bioactive compounds, and in vitro cultures are helpful in finding and obtaining them. Streptocarpus ×hybridus can be a source of antioxidants. The effect of different LED light qualities on [...] Read more.
Plants, whilst also having an ornamental role, are also a source of beneficial, bioactive compounds, and in vitro cultures are helpful in finding and obtaining them. Streptocarpus ×hybridus can be a source of antioxidants. The effect of different LED light qualities on the growth, development and metabolite composition of Streptocarpus multiplied in vitro on Murashige and Skoog medium was investigated. The used spectra were: 100% blue (B), 100% red (R), red and blue in 7:3 proportion (RB), 50% RB + 50% ultra violet (RBUV), 50% RB + 50% green (RBG), 50% RB + 50% yellow (RBY), 50% RB + 50% far red (RBfR), and white (WLed). A fluorescent lamp served as the control (Fl). For the best morphological quality of multiplied plants, the use of RBY light is recommended. Fl light reduced the antioxidant properties of extracts compared to LEDs. The most recommended spectrum in this aspect is RBfR, WLed, RBG and R light. These lights (except for R) stimulated the polyphenol content. RBY and R light influenced the highest content of free amino acids and reducing sugars. Studies showed that a selected LED light spectrum can influence the production of plant biomolecules with antioxidant properties and, compared to Fl light, improves the growth and development of multiplied plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Spectrum and Light Intensity on Plant Growth Metabolism)
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