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Animals
Special Issues
Maternal Nutrition and Neonatal Development of Pig
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Maternal Nutrition and Neonatal Development of Pig

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Pigs".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 September 2024 | Viewed by 2155

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Sung Woo Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, 116 Polk Hall, Campus Box 7621, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
Interests: monogastric nutrition; digestive physiology; intestinal health; maternal and perinatal nutrition; swine production
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Crystal L.L. Lévesque

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
Interests: sow amino acid metabolism; sow nutrient digestion; offspring growth and development

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With alterations in their genetic potential, sows have an increased number of fetuses that are heavier than before. Sows are expected to supply more nutrients to support the growth of fetuses and mammary glands, as well as to support milk production after parturition. Maternal nutrition is critically important for the perinatal growth of piglets. This Special Issue welcomes both research articles and review articles in relation to the impacts of maternal nutrition on maternal health and neonatal development in pigs, including, but not limited to, alternative feeds or feeding protocols for pregnant swine, mammary development in swine, research related to improving maternal growth, and fatty acid, protein, and amino acid metabolism during pregnancy.

Prof. Dr. Sung Woo Kim
Dr. Crystal L.L. Lévesque
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • maternal nutrition
  • neonatal development
  • pig
  • fetus
  • mammary gland
  • epigenetics

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 2378 KiB  
Article
Maternal Programming of Nursery Pig Performance and Gut Microbiome through Live Yeast Supplementation
by Kayla Law, Lee J. Johnston, Pedro E. Urriola and Andres Gomez
Animals 2024, 14(6), 910; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14060910 - 15 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1601
Abstract
The supplementation of live yeast in pig diets is common in the post-weaning phase due to its prebiotic and probiotic effects, but little is known regarding the potential of feeding live yeast to gestating or lactating sows for transferring such benefits to their [...] Read more.
The supplementation of live yeast in pig diets is common in the post-weaning phase due to its prebiotic and probiotic effects, but little is known regarding the potential of feeding live yeast to gestating or lactating sows for transferring such benefits to their offspring through maternal programming. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of live yeast supplementation in sow diets during late gestation and lactation on their reproductive performance and its impact on offspring performance and gut microbiomes in the post-weaning period. Three dietary treatments were imposed on 92 mixed-parity sows during late gestation and lactation based upon the inclusion level of live yeast in corn/soybean meal-based diets: Control (0% yeast), Low (0.1% yeast), and High (0.5% yeast). Nursery pigs in the Low group displayed the highest feed intake in the post-weaning period and greater total gain and average daily gain in comparison to pigs in the High group. The gut microbiomes of nursery pigs differed in composition according to maternal dietary treatment groups at days 4 and 28 post weaning, highlighting higher abundances of bacterial genera typically associated with fermentation roles in the gut microbiomes of offspring of yeast-fed sows. These results indicate that the supplementation of live yeast in sow diets, depending on the inclusion level, may result in beneficial performance and specific microbiome traits for their offspring in the post-weaning period. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Maternal Nutrition and Neonatal Development of Pig)
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Review

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22 pages, 769 KiB  
Review
Impacts of Maternal Nutrition on Sow Performance and Potential Positive Effects on Piglet Performance
by Alexa Gormley, Ki Beom Jang, Yesid Garavito-Duarte, Zixiao Deng and Sung Woo Kim
Animals 2024, 14(13), 1858; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14131858 - 23 Jun 2024
Viewed by 289
Abstract
The objectives of this review are to identify the nutritional challenges faced by modern sows and present potential solutions to mitigate excessive maternal tissue loss and reproductive failure as it relates to recent genetic improvements. Current feeding programs have limitations to support the [...] Read more.
The objectives of this review are to identify the nutritional challenges faced by modern sows and present potential solutions to mitigate excessive maternal tissue loss and reproductive failure as it relates to recent genetic improvements. Current feeding programs have limitations to support the rapid genetic improvements in reproductive performance for modern sows. Since 2012, both litter size at birth and fetal weight have increased by 2.26 pigs per litter and 0.22 kg per piglet, respectively, thereby increasing the nutrient needs for sows during gestation and lactation. Prediction models generated in this review predict that modern sows would need 31% more lysine during gestation when compared with current feeding programs. Physiological challenges facing modern sows are also addressed in this review. High oxidative stress, pelvic organ prolapse, and lameness can directly affect the sow, whereas these physiological challenges can have negative impacts on colostrum and milk quality. In response, there is growing interest in investigating the functional roles of select bioactive compounds as feed additives to mitigate the severity of these challenges. Selenium sources, catechins, and select plant extracts have been utilized to reduce oxidative stress, calcium chloride and phytase have been used to mitigate pelvic organ prolapse and lameness, algae and yeast derivatives have been used to improve colostrum and milk quality, and fiber sources and probiotics have been commonly utilized to improve sow intestinal health. Collectively, this review demonstrates the unique challenges associated with managing the feeding programs for modern sows and the opportunities for revision of the amino acid requirements as well as the use of select bioactive compounds to improve reproductive performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Maternal Nutrition and Neonatal Development of Pig)
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