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Antibiotics
Special Issues
Antimicrobial Resistance in Human and Wildlife
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Antimicrobial Resistance in Human and Wildlife

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiotics in Animal Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2023) | Viewed by 7456

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Aneta Nowakiewicz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
Interests: drug resistance in indicator bacteria; microbiota in wildlife animals; pathogens in wildlife animals; methods of susceptibility testing; agricultural sources; wastewater; residual antimicrobials; multi-drug resistance
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Aleksandra Troscianczyk

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 12 Akademicka Street, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
Interests: mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance; multidrug resistance; bacteriocins; Staphylococcus spp.; Enterococcus spp.; biofilm production; bacterial virulence; One Health

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Drug resistance among bacteria is currently one of the major threats to public health. Due to the constantly growing human population and animal production, the amount of antimicrobial substances consumed annually has increased critically in recent years, and therefore, appropriate measures have been taken to eliminate the negative effects of excessive and unauthorized antibiotic therapy. One of the activities in line with this trend is the obligatory monitoring of drug resistance among bacteria isolated from humans and selected species of farm animals constituting a source of food of animal origin.

However, there is still a lack of such activities related to the environment and free-living animals, which are an integral part of the ecosystems involved in the circulation and spread of drug resistance. Drug resistance is a very dynamic and easily spreading phenomenon, and therefore, the constant expansion of knowledge in this area is extremely important. Human, animals, and the natural environment constitute an inextricably linked complex, and thus, drug resistance should also be considered in the context of interrelationships and connections between these elements.

Therefore, the purpose of this Special Issue is to show, in a broader context, the relationships related to the occurrence, spread, and variability of drug resistance among microorganisms isolated from humans, various groups of animals, especially free-living animals, and the mechanisms determining this phenomenon. In addition to original research, reviews that will focus on the analysis of the far-reaching environmental consequences of antimicrobials use in humans and animals are also welcome.

Prof. Dr. Aneta Nowakiewicz
Dr. Aleksandra Troscianczyk
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antimicrobial resistance
  • environmental pollution
  • wildlife animals
  • one health

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 835 KiB  
Article
Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterococcus spp. Isolates from Red Foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Latvia
by Margarita Terentjeva, Juris Ķibilds, Jeļena Avsejenko, Aivars Cīrulis, Linda Labecka and Aivars Bērziņš
Antibiotics 2024, 13(2), 114; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13020114 - 24 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2026
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an emerging public health threat and is one of the One Health priorities for humans, animals, and environmental health. Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) are a widespread predator species with great ecological significance, and they may serve as [...] Read more.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an emerging public health threat and is one of the One Health priorities for humans, animals, and environmental health. Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) are a widespread predator species with great ecological significance, and they may serve as a sentinel of antimicrobial resistance in the general environment. The present study was carried out to detect antimicrobial resistance, antimicrobial resistance genes, and genetic diversity in faecal isolates of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). In total, 34 Enterococcus isolates, including E. faecium (n = 17), E. faecalis (n = 12), E. durans (n = 3), and E. hirae (n = 2), were isolated. Antimicrobial resistance to 12 antimicrobial agents was detected with EUVENC panels using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The presence of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) was determined using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Resistance to tetracycline (6/34), erythromycin (3/34), ciprofloxacin (2/34), tigecycline (2/34), and daptomycin (2/34) was identified in 44% (15/34) of Enterococcus isolates, while all the isolates were found to be susceptible to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, linezolid, teicoplanin, and vancomycin. No multi-resistant Enterococcus spp. were detected. A total of 12 ARGs were identified in Enterococcus spp., with the presence of at least 1 ARG in every isolate. The identified ARGs encoded resistance to aminoglycosides (aac(6′)-I, ant(6)-Ia, aac(6′)-Iih and spw), tetracyclines (tet(M), tet(L) and tet(S)), and macrolide–lincosamide–streptogramin AB (lnu(B,G), lsa(A,E), and msr(C)), and their presence was associated with phenotypical resistance. Core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) revealed the high diversity of E. faecalis and E. faecium isolates, even within the same geographical area. The distribution of resistant Enterococcus spp. in wild foxes in Latvia highlights the importance of a One Health approach in tackling AMR. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance in Human and Wildlife)
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11 pages, 809 KiB  
Article
Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria from Free-Living Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas)
by Fernanda S. Short, Gisele Lôbo-Hajdu, Suzana M. Guimarães, Marinella S. Laport and Rosane Silva
Antibiotics 2023, 12(8), 1268; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12081268 - 1 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1511
Abstract
Bioindicator species are used to assess the damage and magnitude of possible impacts of anthropic origin on the environment, such as the reckless consumption of antimicrobials. Chelonia mydas has several characteristics that make it a suitable bioindicator of marine pollution and of the [...] Read more.
Bioindicator species are used to assess the damage and magnitude of possible impacts of anthropic origin on the environment, such as the reckless consumption of antimicrobials. Chelonia mydas has several characteristics that make it a suitable bioindicator of marine pollution and of the presence of pathogens that cause diseases in humans. This study aimed to investigate the green sea turtle as a reservoir of resistant bacteria, mainly because C. mydas is the most frequent sea turtle species in Brazilian coastal regions and, consequently, under the intense impact of anthropic factors. Free-living green sea turtles ranging from 42.8 to 92 cm (average = 60.7 cm) were captured from Itaipú Beach, Brazil. Cloaca samples (characterizing the gastrointestinal tract) and neck samples (representing the transient microbiota) were collected. Bacterial species were identified, and their was resistance associated with the antimicrobials cephalothin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, tetracycline, and vancomycin. Citrobacter braaki, Klebsiella oxytoca, K. variicola and Proteus mirabilis were found resistant to cephalothin and Morganella morganii and Enterococcus faecalis tetracycline-resistant isolates in cloaca samples. In neck samples, species resistant to tetracycline were Salmonella sp., Serratia marcescens, S. ureylitica and Proteus mirabilis. This data reinforces that the green turtle is a bioindicator of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance in Human and Wildlife)
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24 pages, 2271 KiB  
Article
Multi-Host Pathogen Staphylococcus aureus—Epidemiology, Drug Resistance and Occurrence in Humans and Animals in Poland
by Aleksandra Trościańczyk, Aneta Nowakiewicz, Martyna Kasela, Anna Malm, Anna Magdalena Tracz, Agata Hahaj-Siembida, Marcelina Osińska, Szczepan Gula and Igor Jankowiak
Antibiotics 2023, 12(7), 1137; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12071137 - 30 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1450
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a drug resistant pathogen with zoonotic potential commonly isolated from humans and animals. The aim of this study was to compare the occurrence of drug resistance, resistance genes, sequence types (STs), and genotypes of S. aureus isolated from humans, livestock, [...] Read more.
Staphylococcus aureus is a drug resistant pathogen with zoonotic potential commonly isolated from humans and animals. The aim of this study was to compare the occurrence of drug resistance, resistance genes, sequence types (STs), and genotypes of S. aureus isolated from humans, livestock, and wildlife in eastern Poland. A high percentage of isolates resistant to penicillin (63%), erythromycin (39%), clindamycin (37%), tetracycline (31%), and methicillin (MRSA-19%), an intermediate resistant to vancomycin (VISA-13%), and a multidrug resistant (MDR-39%) was obtained. Multilocus sequence typing analysis showed the presence of 35 different STs (with dominance ST 15, ST 45, ST 7, and ST 582 in human, and ST 398 and ST 8139 in porcine and cattle isolates, respectively), including 9 new ones that had never been reported before (ST 8133-8141). Identical genotypic patterns were detected among porcine and cattle isolates as well as from humans and cattle. A high percentage of MDR, MRSA, and VISA in humans and livestock combined with the presence of the same genotypes among S. aureus isolated from human and cattle indicates the circulation of strains common in the region and their zoonotic potential. There is a need to develop new strategies to counteract this phenomenon according to the One Health policy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance in Human and Wildlife)
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10 pages, 1934 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of β-Lactamase Enzyme Activity in Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) Isolated from Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) Salmonella Infantis Strains
by Valeria Toppi, Gabriele Scattini, Laura Musa, Valentina Stefanetti, Luisa Pascucci, Elisabetta Chiaradia, Alessia Tognoloni, Stefano Giovagnoli, Maria Pia Franciosini, Raffaella Branciari and Patrizia Casagrande Proietti
Antibiotics 2023, 12(4), 744; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12040744 - 13 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2004
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanoparticles released by Gram-negative bacteria, which contain different cargo molecules and mediate several biological processes. Recent studies have shown that OMVs are involved in antibiotic-resistance (AR) mechanisms by including β-lactamase enzymes in their lumen. Since no studies have [...] Read more.
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanoparticles released by Gram-negative bacteria, which contain different cargo molecules and mediate several biological processes. Recent studies have shown that OMVs are involved in antibiotic-resistance (AR) mechanisms by including β-lactamase enzymes in their lumen. Since no studies have as yet been conducted on Salmonella enterica subs. enterica serovar Infantis’ OMVs, the aim of the work was to collect OMVs from five S. Infantis β-lactam resistant strains isolated from a broiler meat production chain and to investigate whether β-lactamase enzymes are included in OMVs during their biogenesis. OMVs were isolated by means of ultrafiltration and a Nitrocefin assay quantified the presence of β-lactamase enzymes in the OMVs. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were used to identify the OMVs. The results showed that all strains release spherical OMVs, ranging from 60 to 230 nm. The Nitrocefin assay highlighted the presence of β-lactamase enzymes within the OMVs. This suggests that β-lactamase enzymes also get packaged into OMVs from bacterial periplasm during OMV biogenesis. An investigation into the possible role played by OMVs in AR mechanisms would open the door for an opportunity to develop new, therapeutic strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance in Human and Wildlife)
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