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Antioxidant Research in Chile—2nd Edition

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A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 5278

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Rodrigo Iturriaga

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Guest Editor

Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Santiago 7500912, Chile
Interests: carotid body chemoreceptors; intermittent hypoxia; oxidative stress; inflammation; cardiorespiratory control
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Dr. Hugo Diaz

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Guest Editor

Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Santiago 7500912, Chile
Interests: natural products; cardiorespiratoy control; antioxidants; oxidative stress; neuroinflammation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue invites the submission of research articles, review articles, and short communications in the areas of redox signaling, oxidative stress, and antioxidants.The scope of this Special Issue includes a broad range of issues such as the following: ROS and RNS in health and disease; redox activity of natural products; natural and synthetic antioxidants; antioxidants in biological systems from plants and microbes to animals; novel techniques for antioxidant delivery and protocols for the extraction, isolation, and structural characterization of natural antioxidants; dietary antioxidants; food supplements; and the industrial uses of antioxidants. In particular, studies focused on Chilean plants of economic importance, such as grapevines, maqui, berries, and algae, are welcome. This Special Issue of Antioxidants will be an excellent opportunity for Chilean scientists to publish their work in a highly regarded journal. We therefore encourage the Chilean scientific community to submit their contributions to this Special Issue.

Dr. Rodrigo Iturriaga
Dr. Hugo Diaz
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

antioxidants
biotechnology
biomedicine
natural products
nutrition
oxidative stress
Chilean plants of economic importance
polyphenols
flavonoids
anthocyanins
phenolic acids
resveratrol
food waste
plant extracts
neuroinflammation
redox signaling
circular economy
ROS scavengers
antioxidants in industry
entrepreneurship
green startups

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 1978 KB

Open AccessArticle

Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NaDES) Extraction, HPLC-DAD Analysis, and Antioxidant Activity of Chilean Ugni molinae Turcz. Fruits

by Javier Antileo-Laurie, Verónica Olate-Olave, Valentina Fehrmann-Riquelme, Camila Anabalón-Alvarez, Luis Cid-Carrillo, Javier Campanini-Salinas, Carlos Fernández-Galleguillos and Luisa Quesada-Romero

Antioxidants 2025, 14(10), 1234; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14101234 - 14 Oct 2025

Viewed by 633

Abstract

The demand for sustainable methods to extract bioactive compounds from native fruits is increasing. We evaluated the potential of natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) combined with ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) to recover phenolic compounds from Ugni molinae Turcz. (murta), a Chilean fruit with recognized ethnopharmacological and antioxidant value. Seven choline chloride-based NaDESs (M1–M7) were assessed and compared with conventional methanol: formic acid extraction (M8). The choline chloride: 1,2-propanediol system (1:2, M2) achieved the highest recovery of total phenolics (64.87 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (35.38 mg QE/g), together with strong antioxidant activity (DPPH IC₅₀: 1.05 µg/mL; ORAC: 40,291 µmol TE/g). When comparing the different NaDES formulations (M1–M8), M8 displayed superior FRAP and ORAC values, although its phenolic and flavonoid yields were lower, reflecting differences in solvent selectivity. HPLC-DAD analysis further revealed that NaDES, particularly M5 (choline chloride: oxalic acid, 1:1), favored the extraction of flavonoid and anthocyanin-type compounds. Multivariate and PCA analyses showed distinct chemical profiles in NaDES extracts, forming two clusters apart from M8. Pearson correlation analysis linked antioxidant capacity with major flavonoids. Overall, NaDES combined with UAE represents an efficient, green strategy for selectively recovering bioactives, supporting applications in foods, nutraceuticals, and health products from Chilean native fruits. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidant Research in Chile—2nd Edition)

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32 pages, 5594 KB

Open AccessArticle

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and In Vivo Neuroprotective Effect of Parastrephia quadrangularis in a Drosophila Parkinson’s Disease Model

by Branco Cárdenas, Ayza Cuevas, Duxan Arancibia, Lucas Urrutia, Pedro Zamorano, Adrián Paredes and Rafaella V. Zárate

Antioxidants 2025, 14(10), 1226; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14101226 - 12 Oct 2025

Viewed by 689

Abstract

Oxidative stress (OxS) is a central factor in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Parkinson’s disease (PD). Phenolic compounds, including flavonoids and coumarins, counteract reactive species and modulate key intracellular survival pathways, highlighting their therapeutic potential. Parastrephia quadrangularis (Pq), a plant from the Atacama Desert traditionally used by Andean communities, contains phenolic compounds with antioxidant, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its neuroprotective potential remains unexplored. Here, a hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) of Pq and four subfractions (MeOH, EtOAc, DCM, and n-hex) were obtained and assessed for in vitro antioxidant activity, with HAE selected for its consistent activity. In SH-SY5Y cells, HAE-Pq lowered basal reactive oxygen species and attenuated hydrogen peroxide-induced OxS. The UHPLC-MS analysis of HAE-Pq unveiled a high abundance of flavonoids, followed by coumarins and phenolic acids, and identified 16 additional metabolites, including jaceidin as the most abundant. In vivo assays using a Drosophila genetic PD model induced by overexpression of human α-synuclein, showed that HAE-Pq was non-toxic and non-aversive and that it delayed the onset of motor defects by one week in female flies. This study provides the first evidence of the neuroprotective potential of Pq, supporting its value as a source of bioactive metabolites relevant to NDs and reinforcing its ethnopharmacological validation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidant Research in Chile—2nd Edition)

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19 pages, 968 KB

Open AccessArticle

Comprehensive Characterization of Bioactive Properties in Extracts from Different Chilean Hop Ecotypes (Humulus lupulus L.): Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antitumor Activities

by María C. Betancur, Fernando Salazar, Michael Araya, Anita Behn, Jéssica López, Ana Quesille-Villalobos, José M. Villatoro, Jacqueline Poblete and Angara Zambrano

Antioxidants 2025, 14(10), 1224; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14101224 - 11 Oct 2025

Viewed by 456

Abstract

Chilean hop (Humulus lupulus L.) ecotypes are an under-explored resource with high bioactive potential, offering promising applications in food preservation and health promotion. This study aimed to characterize the chemical composition and evaluate the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic properties of methanolic extracts from three native ecotypes—Ranco, La Unión, and Valdivia—to identify their potential as sources of multifunctional bioactive compounds. Each ecotype exhibited a distinct composition of bioactive compounds; Valdivia stood out for its pronounced levels of α- and β-acids and xanthohumol. Antioxidant capacity, assessed by DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS, was strong across extracts, with Valdivia showing the highest values in all the tests carried out. The extracts inhibited multidrug-resistant clinical isolates, notably Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and showed dose-dependent cytotoxic effects in H1299 and MCF-7 cell lines, with the La Unión extract particularly active against H1299. Overall, these findings position Chilean hop ecotypes as promising sources of natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agents for functional food and nutraceutical applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidant Research in Chile—2nd Edition)

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19 pages, 1147 KB

Open AccessArticle

Exploring the Potential of Low-Temperature Vacuum Drying to Improve the Bioactive Compound Content and Health-Promoting Properties of Chilean Wild Murta

by Antonio Vega-Galvez, Alexis Pasten, Elsa Uribe, Nicol Mejias, Isadora Corco, Jacqueline Poblete, Jaime Ortiz-Viedma, Gabriela Valenzuela-Barra, Javier Acevedo-Hernández and Tamar Toledo

Antioxidants 2025, 14(10), 1201; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14101201 - 3 Oct 2025

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Abstract

For the first time, the effect of low-temperature vacuum drying (LTVD) on wild murta (Ugni molinae Turcz) was evaluated, in comparison with freeze-drying (FD) and vacuum drying (VD), to assess their capacity to preserve bioactive compounds and associated bioactivities. Murta was dried using LTVD at 20, 30, and 40 °C under a constant vacuum of 10 mbar, where FD and VD at 60 °C (VD 60) were included as comparative methods. The content of fatty acids and tocols, along with the retention of bioactive compounds and their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, were systematically analyzed. LTVD- and VD-dried murta exhibited higher polyunsaturated-to-saturated fatty acid ratios (>9.0) and markedly greater tocol contents, whereas FD maintained a more balanced ratio (<5.0) but with lower tocol levels. While FD was most effective in preserving catechin, higher levels of other phenolic compounds were observed in samples dried by LTVD at 20 and 40 °C, as well as VD 60, possibly due to the release of bound forms during processing. The drying method significantly influenced murta bioactivity. LTVD 30 preserved the highest antioxidant capacity, while topical anti-inflammatory effects on skin lesions varied by pathway, with LTVD 40 being the most effective in the TPA model and FD in the AA model. These effects were evaluated only using a topical inflammation model in BALB/c mice of both sexes; dietary effects were not assessed in this study. Regarding other bioactivities, VD 60 extracts excelled in both cytotoxic and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects, whereas FD extracts were the most effective against AGS cells and LTVD 20 against α-glucosidase. In conclusion, LTVD emerges as a promising alternative to FD and VD, showing potential to preserve bioactive compounds and key bioactivities of wild murta, although further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidant Research in Chile—2nd Edition)

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20 pages, 1176 KB

Open AccessArticle

Protective Effects of Microsorum scolopendria (Burm.f.) Copel. Leaf and Rhizome Extracts on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis

by Cristóbal Balada, Valentina Díaz, Mónica Castro, Macarena Echeverría-Bugueño, María José Marchant and Leda Guzmán

Antioxidants 2025, 14(10), 1194; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14101194 - 30 Sep 2025

Viewed by 778

Abstract

Microsorum scolopendria (Burm.f.) Copel. is a traditional medicinal fern with reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of leaf (HH) and rhizome (RH) extracts of MS on oxidative stress and inflammation in human dermal fibroblast (HDFa) cells infected with Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Cytotoxicity assays revealed that both extracts were safe up to 100 µg/mL, although RH exhibited a slight reduction in viability (≈20%) at 63 µg/mL. In infection assays, pretreatment with HH and RH extracts (63–100 µg/mL) for 3 h significantly reduced ROS levels by up to 45% compared with infected controls, while LDH release decreased by ~30%, indicating protection against membrane damage. Regarding anti-inflammatory activity, both extracts showed selective inhibition of COX-2 over COX-1, with RH inhibiting COX-2 by 62% and HH by 55% at 100 µg/mL, whereas COX-1 inhibition remained below 20%. These results highlight differential biological performance between leaf and rhizome extracts, with RH showing slightly higher anti-inflammatory activity but also a modest cytotoxic effect at intermediate concentrations. Overall, MS extracts demonstrated protective effects against oxidative and inflammatory damage induced by bacterial infection, supporting their potential as safe natural therapeutic agents for managing infection-associated skin stress and inflammation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidant Research in Chile—2nd Edition)

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36 pages, 4124 KB

Open AccessArticle

Past and Present of the Antioxidant Studies in Chile: A Bibliometric Study from 2000 to 2024

by Marcos Lorca, Alejandro Vega-Muñoz, Alison Acosta, David Cabezas, Katy Díaz, Jaime Mella, Gianfranco Sabadini, Guido Salazar-Sepúlveda, Nicolás Contreras-Barraza and Marco Mellado

Antioxidants 2025, 14(8), 985; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14080985 - 11 Aug 2025

Viewed by 1542

Abstract

Since 2000, antioxidant research in Chile has shown steady growth, from the chemical sciences to their application in biomedical sciences, functional foods, reproduction, and environmental studies. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of Chilean scientific output in the field of antioxidants from 2000 to 2024, organized into five-year intervals. A total of 3190 research articles indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) database were analyzed. Bibliometric indicators—including Price’s, Bradford’s, and Zipf’s laws—were applied to assess literature growth, authorship concentration, journal dispersion, and keyword evolution. Key findings include (i) high productivity from institutions such as the Universidad de Chile, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, and Universidad de Concepción; (ii) the identification of leading authors such as Dr. Antonio Vega-Gálvez, Dr. Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschman, and Dr. Mario J. Simirgiotis; and (iii) the consolidation of three main research areas: biomedical applications (e.g., cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases), food science and technology (e.g., antioxidant properties, and agro-industrial waste revalorization), and ethnopharmacology (e.g., native plant use). This study made it possible to map the state of the art of antioxidant research in Chile and identify key players and research lines, consolidating a comprehensive vision of scientific development in this field. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidant Research in Chile—2nd Edition)

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