Role of Natural Antioxidants on Neuroprotection

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 1408

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
The Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Section in the Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: neurodegenerative diseases; PROTACs; mechanochemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
The Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Section in the Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: neurodegenerative diseases; drug discovery; sustainable synthesis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
The Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Section in the Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: neurodegenerative diseases; medicinal chemistry; pseudo-natural products
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The quest for effective neuroprotective strategies has led to significant interest in natural antioxidants due to their potential to combat oxidative stress, a major contributor to neurodegenerative diseases. Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in the body, leading to neuronal damage and the progression of conditions such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Natural antioxidants, including polyphenols, flavonoids, certain vitamins, and carotenoids, have shown promise in mitigating oxidative damage and enhancing brain health. These compounds, derived from fruits, vegetables, and other plant sources, have been extensively studied for their ability to neutralize free radicals, induce the secondary antioxidant response, reduce inflammation, and modulate the signaling pathways involved in neurodegeneration.

This Special Issue, "Role of Natural Antioxidants on Neuroprotection", aims to gather cutting-edge research and comprehensive reviews on the neuroprotective effects of natural antioxidants. We invite researchers to contribute original studies and review articles that explore the mechanisms of action, efficacy, and therapeutic potential of these bioactive agents in preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases. By compiling this body of work, we seek to advance our understanding of how natural antioxidants can be harnessed to protect neural health and improve the quality of life for individuals affected by neurodegenerative conditions.

Dr. Mercedes Villacampa
Dr. José Carlos Menéndez
Dr. Ángel Cores
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • drug design
  • polyphenols
  • oxidative stress
  • Nrf2 induction
  • neuroinflammation
  • neurodegenerative diseases

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 5941 KiB  
Article
Bioactivated Glucoraphanin Modulates Genes Involved in Necroptosis on Motor-Neuron-like Nsc-34: A Transcriptomic Study
by Aurelio Minuti, Alessandra Trainito, Agnese Gugliandolo, Ivan Anchesi, Luigi Chiricosta, Renato Iori, Emanuela Mazzon and Marco Calabrò
Antioxidants 2024, 13(9), 1111; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13091111 - 14 Sep 2024
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Abstract
Research on bioactive compounds has grown recently due to their health benefits and limited adverse effects, particularly in reducing the risk of chronic diseases, including neurodegenerative conditions. According to these observations, this study investigates the activity of sulforaphane (RS-GRA) on an in vitro [...] Read more.
Research on bioactive compounds has grown recently due to their health benefits and limited adverse effects, particularly in reducing the risk of chronic diseases, including neurodegenerative conditions. According to these observations, this study investigates the activity of sulforaphane (RS-GRA) on an in vitro model of differentiated NSC-34 cells. We performed a transcriptomic analysis at various time points (24 h, 48 h, and 72 h) and RS-GRA concentrations (1 µM, 5 µM, and 10 µM) to identify molecular pathways influenced by this compound and the effects of dosage and prolonged exposure. We found 39 differentially expressed genes consistently up- or downregulated across all conditions. Notably, Nfe2l2, Slc1a5, Slc7a11, Slc6a9, Slc6a5, Sod1, and Sod2 genes were consistently upregulated, while Ripk1, Glul, Ripk3, and Mlkl genes were downregulated. Pathway perturbation analysis showed that the overall dysregulation of these genes results in a significant increase in redox pathway activity (adjusted p-value 1.11 × 10−3) and a significant inhibition of the necroptosis pathway (adjusted p-value 4.64 × 10−3). These findings suggest RS-GRA’s potential as an adjuvant in neurodegenerative disease treatment, as both increased redox activity and necroptosis inhibition may be beneficial in this context. Furthermore, our data suggest two possible administration strategies, namely an acute approach with higher dosages and a chronic approach with lower dosages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Natural Antioxidants on Neuroprotection)
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17 pages, 4323 KiB  
Article
Unveiling the Therapeutic Potential of Kelulut (Stingless Bee) Honey in Alzheimer’s Disease: Findings from a Rat Model Study
by Ammara Shaikh, Fairus Ahmad, Seong Lin Teoh, Jaya Kumar and Mohamad Fairuz Yahaya
Antioxidants 2024, 13(8), 926; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13080926 - 30 Jul 2024
Viewed by 738
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) poses a major worldwide health challenge because of its profound impact on cognitive abilities and overall well-being. Despite extensive research and numerous clinical trials, therapeutic options remain limited. Our study aimed to investigate the potential of Kelulut honey (KH) as [...] Read more.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) poses a major worldwide health challenge because of its profound impact on cognitive abilities and overall well-being. Despite extensive research and numerous clinical trials, therapeutic options remain limited. Our study aimed to investigate the potential of Kelulut honey (KH) as a novel therapeutic agent for addressing the multifactorial pathology of AD. We tried to evaluate the disease-attenuating and neuroprotective potential of KH in the intrahippocampally induced AD rat model by utilizing histochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) studies. A total of 26 male Sprague Dawley rats weighing ~280–380 g were randomly divided into three groups: Control, AD-induced (Aβ), and AD-induced and treated with KH (Aβ+KH). The latter two groups underwent stereotaxic surgery, where 6.25 µg of amyloid β1–42 peptides were injected intrahippocampally. One-week post-surgery, KH was administered to the treatment group at a dose of 1 g/kg body weight for a period of four weeks, after which the rats went through behavior tests. After completion of behavior analysis, the rats were sacrificed, and the brains were processed for histochemistry and ELISA studies. The open field test analysis demonstrated that KH improved the locomotion of Aβ+KH compared to Aβ (p = 0.0013). In comparison, the Morris water maze did not show any nootropic effects on cognition with a paradoxical increase in time spent in the target quadrant by the Aβ group (p = 0.029). Histochemical staining showed markedly increased Congo-red-stained amyloid plaques, which were significantly reduced in dentate gyrus of Aβ+KH compared to Aβ (p < 0.05). Moreover, significantly higher apoptosis was seen in the Aβ group compared to Aβ+KH (p < 0.01) and control groups (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the ELISA studies deduced more phosphorylated tau in the diseased group compared to Aβ+KH (p = 0.038) and controls (p = 0.016). These findings suggest that KH consumption for twenty-eight days has the potential to attenuate the pathological burden of disease while exerting neuroprotective effects in rodent models of AD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Natural Antioxidants on Neuroprotection)
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