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Antioxidants
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Lipids and Lipid Peroxidation Products in the Pathogenesis of Age-Related...
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Lipids and Lipid Peroxidation Products in the Pathogenesis of Age-Related Diseases

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2019) | Viewed by 18203

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Gérard Lizard

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Team "Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism", Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
Interests: lipids; oxysterols; fatty acids; polyphenols; oils; oxidation; inflammation; mitochondria; peroxisomes; lysosomes; apoptosis; autophagy; natural products; synthethic molecules; biomarkers; neurodegeneration; neurodegenerative diseases; aging; age-related diseases; nanoparticles; targeted therapy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Anne Vejux

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, Equipe 5, Neurobiologie des Comportements Alimentaires, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
Interests: oxysterols; very-long-chain fatty acids; lipid metabolism; diet, peroxisomes; biotherapies; inflammation; cancer; cell cycle and apoptosis; autophagy; biological membranes; oxidative damage; biomarkers; neurodegenerative diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Amira Zarrouk

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Biochemistry Laboratory, LR12ES05 LR-NAFS ‘Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health’ Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
Interests: lipid metabolism; inflammation; oxidative stress; aging; age-related diseases; biomarker
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the coming years, age-related diseases will increase. These diseases mainly include cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, ocular diseases (cataract, age-related macular degeneration), type-2 and -3 diabetes, inflammatory diseases of the joints and intestines, osteoporosis and some cancers. In these diseases, the role of lipids (saturated fatty acids, mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, cholesterol, phytosterols, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, maresines, protectines, resolvines) or of certain products deriving from lipid peroxidation (oxysterols, oxy-phytosterols, malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal) is widely suspected. It is therefore important to better know the deleterious and/or beneficial biological activities of these lipids by specifying their activities on oxidative stress, organelles, inflammation, and on the life/death balance to identify therapeutic targets and develop new drugs capable of modulating their activities. These drugs, which can be or not natural compounds, can be functionalized, for example being associated with nanoparticles or microencapsulated. These different aspects can be addressed in this Special Issue, entitled “Lipids and Lipid Peroxidation Products in the Pathogenesis of Age-Related Diseases” and be include research articles, reviews and mini-reviews.

Prof. Dr. Gérard Lizard
Dr. Anne Vejux
Dr. Amira Zarrouk
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • lipids
  • lipid peroxidation products
  • age-related diseases
  • physiopathology
  • cell signalization
  • treatments

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 2383 KiB  
Article
A Dietary Mixture of Oxysterols Induces In Vitro Intestinal Inflammation through TLR2/4 Activation: The Protective Effect of Cocoa Bean Shells
by Daniela Rossin, Letricia Barbosa-Pereira, Noemi Iaia, Gabriella Testa, Barbara Sottero, Giuseppe Poli, Giuseppe Zeppa and Fiorella Biasi
Antioxidants 2019, 8(6), 151; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8060151 - 31 May 2019
Cited by 31 | Viewed by 4099
Abstract
Background: Exaggerated Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated immune and inflammatory responses play a role in inflammatory bowel diseases. This report deals with the ability of a mixture of oxysterols widely present in cholesterol-rich foods to induce in vitro intestinal inflammation through TLR up-regulation. The anti-inflammatory [...] Read more.
Background: Exaggerated Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated immune and inflammatory responses play a role in inflammatory bowel diseases. This report deals with the ability of a mixture of oxysterols widely present in cholesterol-rich foods to induce in vitro intestinal inflammation through TLR up-regulation. The anti-inflammatory action of four cocoa bean shell (CBS) extracts with different polyphenol content, was tested. Methods: Differentiated intestinal CaCo-2 cells were treated with a dietary oxysterol mixture (Oxy-mix) (60 µM). The expression and activation of TLR2 and TLR4, as well as the production of their downstream signaling effectors IL-8, IFNβ and TNFα were analyzed in the presence or absence of TLR antibodies. Honduras CBS extracts were characterized for their polyphenol contents; their anti-inflammatory action was analyzed in CaCo-2 cells treated with Oxy-mix. Results: Oxysterol-dependent TLR-2 and TLR4 over-expression and activation together with cytokine induction were abolished by blocking TLRs with specific antibodies. Polyphenol-rich CBS extracts consisting of high quantities of (−)-epicatechin and tannins also prevented TLR induction. Conclusions: TLR2 and TLR4 mainly contribute to inducing oxysterol-dependent intestinal inflammation. The fractionation method of CBS allowed the recovery of fractions rich in (−)-epicatechin and tannins able to counteract oxysterol-induced inflammation, thus highlighting the beneficial biological potential of specific CBS extracts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lipids and Lipid Peroxidation Products in the Pathogenesis of Age-Related Diseases)
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15 pages, 812 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Cytoprotective Properties of Ethanolic Mint Extracts from Algeria on 7-Ketocholesterol-Treated Murine RAW 264.7 Macrophages
by Fatiha Brahmi, Thomas Nury, Meryam Debbabi, Samia Hadj-Ahmed, Amira Zarrouk, Michel Prost, Khodir Madani, Lila Boulekbache-Makhlouf and Gérard Lizard
Antioxidants 2018, 7(12), 184; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox7120184 - 6 Dec 2018
Cited by 36 | Viewed by 5934
Abstract
The present study consisted in evaluating the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties of ethanolic extracts from three mint species (Mentha spicata L. (MS), Mentha pulegium L. (MP) and Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds (MR)) with biochemical methods on murine RAW 264.7 macrophages (a [...] Read more.
The present study consisted in evaluating the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties of ethanolic extracts from three mint species (Mentha spicata L. (MS), Mentha pulegium L. (MP) and Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds (MR)) with biochemical methods on murine RAW 264.7 macrophages (a transformed macrophage cell line isolated from ascites of BALB/c mice infected by the Abelson leukemia virus). The total phenolic, flavonoid and carotenoid contents were determined with spectrophotometric methods. The antioxidant activities were quantified with the Kit Radicaux Libres (KRLTM), the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. The MS extract showed the highest total phenolic content, and the highest antioxidant capacity, while the MR extract showed the lowest total phenolic content and the lowest antioxidant capacity. The cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts were quantified on murine RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with 7-ketocholesterol (7KC; 20 µg/mL: 50 µM) associated or not for 24 h and 48 h with ethanolic mint extracts used at different concentrations (25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 µg/mL). Under treatment with 7KC, an important inhibition of cell growth was revealed with the crystal violet test. This side effect was strongly attenuated in a dose dependent manner with the different ethanolic mint extracts, mainly at 48 h. The most important cytoprotective effect was observed with the MS extract. In addition, the effects of ethanolic mint extracts on cytokine secretion (Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein (MCP)-1, Interferon (IFN)-ϒ, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α) were determined at 24 h on lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.2 µg/mL)-, 7KC (20 µg/mL)- and (7KC + LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. Complex effects of mint extracts were observed on cytokine secretion. However, comparatively to LPS-treated cells, all the extracts strongly reduce IL-6 secretion and two of them (MP and MR) also decrease MCP-1 and TNF-α secretion. However, no anti-inflammatory effects were observed on 7KC- and (7KC + LPS)-treated cells. Altogether, these data bring new evidences on the potential benefits (especially antioxidant and cytoprotective properties) of Algerian mint on human health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lipids and Lipid Peroxidation Products in the Pathogenesis of Age-Related Diseases)
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Review

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24 pages, 923 KiB  
Review
Paraoxonases Activities and Polymorphisms in Elderly and Old-Age Diseases: An Overview
by Débora Levy, Cadiele Oliana Reichert and Sérgio Paulo Bydlowski
Antioxidants 2019, 8(5), 118; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8050118 - 2 May 2019
Cited by 38 | Viewed by 6982
Abstract
Aging is defined as the accumulation of progressive organ dysfunction. There is much evidence linking the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of aging. With increasing age, susceptibility to the development of diseases related to lipid peroxidation and tissue injury increases, due [...] Read more.
Aging is defined as the accumulation of progressive organ dysfunction. There is much evidence linking the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of aging. With increasing age, susceptibility to the development of diseases related to lipid peroxidation and tissue injury increases, due to chronic inflammatory processes, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals. The paraoxonase (PON) gene family is composed of three members (PON1, PON2, PON3) that share considerable structural homology and are located adjacently on chromosome 7 in humans. The most studied member product is PON1, a protein associated with high-density lipoprotein with paraoxonase/esterase activity. Nevertheless, all the three proteins prevent oxidative stress. The major aim of this review is to highlight the importance of the role of PON enzymes in the aging process, and in the development of the main diseases present in the elderly: cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lipids and Lipid Peroxidation Products in the Pathogenesis of Age-Related Diseases)
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