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Applied Sciences
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Physiological Monitoring and Performance Evaluation in Exercise and Sport
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Physiological Monitoring and Performance Evaluation in Exercise and Sport

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2025 | Viewed by 6919

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Gustavo De Conti Teixeira Costa

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Universidade Federal de Goiás-UFG, Campus II Campus Samambaia, Goiania, Brazil
Interests: sports; performance; match analysis; decision making; training; strength training; small-sided games; tactical analysis; health; exercise physiology; performance analysis; biomechanics
Prof. Dr. Lorenzo Laporta

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria-UFSM, Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº 1000 Cidade Universitária Bairro-Camobi, Santa Maria 97.105-900, RS, Brasil
Interests: sports; performance; match analysis; decision making; training; strength training; small-sided games; tactical analysis; health; exercise physiology; performance analysis; biomechanics
Dr. Lucas Savassi Figueiredo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora-UFJF, Governador Valadares Advanced Campus, Av. Dr. Raimundo Monteiro Rezende, 330-Centro, Governador Valadares 35010-17, MG, Brasil
Interests: Sports pedagogy, Selection of Sports Talents, Game Analysis and Motor Behavior.
Dr. Henrique de Oliveira Castro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso-UFMT, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá 78.060-900, MT, Brasil
Interests: sport training; sport pedagogy; selection of sports talents; game analysis and performance analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Physical training and sports activities induce physiological, physical, technical, tactical, and psychological changes, leading to enhancements in performance within the practiced sport or exercise. The adaptations resulting from training processes are applicable across various sports and exercise contexts, including competitive environments, recreational settings, rehabilitation programs, and health-enhancement or -maintenance initiatives. Thus, analyzing physical and sports performance makes it possible to delineate interventions conducive to improving targeted physiological, physical, technical, tactical, and psychological aspects. Consequently, recent years have witnessed significant advancements in sports sciences and human behavior, considering the interplay between an individual, their environmental context, and the task demands. With this in mind, the objective of this Special Issue is to disseminate knowledge regarding the variables that influence physiological factors or the performance of sports and physical exercise practices, in addition to monitoring them; therefore, the aim is to propagate the understanding of these parameters across professional and amateur sports, from youths to seniors, for physically active individuals, and in motor rehabilitation as well as health enhancement or maintenance.

Prof. Dr. Gustavo De Conti Teixeira Costa
Prof. Dr. Lorenzo Laporta
Dr. Lucas Savassi Figueiredo
Dr. Henrique de Oliveira Castro
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sports
  • performance
  • match analysis
  • game analysis
  • decision making
  • training
  • strength training
  • small-sided games
  • tactical analysis
  • health
  • exercise physiology
  • performance analysis
  • biomechanics
  • motor rehabilitation
  • leisure

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2018 KiB  
Article
Not All Forms of Exercise Lead to Positive Affect: A Comparative Monitoring Between an Imposed and Self-Adjusted Prescription in Recreational Runners—A Cross-Sectional Randomized Controlled Study
by Izabela Linhares Campos Monturil, Marcelo Magalhães Sales, Pedro Augusto Inacio, Vicente Aprigliano, Patricia Sardinha Leonardo, Iransé Oliveira-Silva, Raphael Martins Cunha, Gaspar R. Chiappa, James Oluwagbamigbe Fajemiroye, Rodolfo P. Vieira, Rodrigo Alvaro Brandão Lopes-Martins and Alberto Souza Sá Filho
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(3), 1549; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031549 - 3 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 911
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the affective responses to running with imposed velocity or self-selected time trials in runners, as well as the effects on volume load (VL) and training impulse (TRIMP). Anxiety was also determined. We established the level of association between the dependent [...] Read more.
Objective: To evaluate the affective responses to running with imposed velocity or self-selected time trials in runners, as well as the effects on volume load (VL) and training impulse (TRIMP). Anxiety was also determined. We established the level of association between the dependent variables. Methods: Three visits were carried out. The 1st visit consisted of a maximum running effort test (VO2Max). In the 2nd and 3rd visits, participants were divided between the time limit (TLim) or time trial 1000 m running at self-selected intensity (T1000). Participants responded to the felt arousal, feeling, and anxiety SUDS scale before, during, and after TLim and T1000. Results: TLim vs. T1000 (p < 0.001) and VPeak × V1000 (p = 0.013) showed differences, but did not influence VLTLim vs. VL1000 (3181.34 ± 872.22 vs. 3570.60 ± 323.3; p = 0.062). TRIMP showed no differences (p = 0.068). Arousal did not differ between the pre-exercise (p = 0.772) and post-exercise (p = 0.083) conditions but was different during (p = 0.035). There were differences between groups in the pre-exercise (p = 0.012), during (p < 0.001), and post-exercise (p < 0.001) conditions for feeling and anxiety scores. The correlation between TRIMP and affective scores showed an association with TLim (r = 0.46; p = 0.043). Conclusion: The self-selected exercise generated positive affective responses, but the same did not occur for the imposed TLim. VL and TRIMP presented equality. There was association between TRIMP and the TLim feeling scale. TLim significantly increased anxiety scores. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiological Monitoring and Performance Evaluation in Exercise and Sport)
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19 pages, 4677 KiB  
Article
Predictive and Cross-Validation Analysis of Aerobic and Anaerobic Performance Based on Maximum Strength
by Alberto Souza Sá Filho, Pedro Augusto Inacio, Vicente Aprigliano, Patricia Sardinha Leonardo, Iransé Oliveira-Silva, Raphael Martins Cunha, Gaspar R. Chiappa, James Oluwagbamigbe Fajemiroye, Rodolfo P. Vieira, Rodrigo Alvaro Brandão Lopes-Martins and Marcelo Magalhães Sales
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(2), 693; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15020693 - 12 Jan 2025
Viewed by 818
Abstract
To establish the capacity of absolute maximum strength and relative to body mass (BM) in deadlift (DL) and squat (SQ) exercises to estimate the maximum anaerobic running performance (MART) and maximum aerobic power (VPeak), among individuals stratified into high (HS) vs. [...] Read more.
To establish the capacity of absolute maximum strength and relative to body mass (BM) in deadlift (DL) and squat (SQ) exercises to estimate the maximum anaerobic running performance (MART) and maximum aerobic power (VPeak), among individuals stratified into high (HS) vs. low strength score (LS). The sum of workloads (DL+SQ) was also analyzed and cross-validation was tested. Thirty-four students performed five visits in the first phase. In the first three visits the following were performed: sample characterization and consistency analysis of the maximum repetition (RM) for DL and SQ. Participants were stratified based on DL and SQ relativized by BM (DL/BM and SQ/BM). In the last two visits, MART and VPeak were tested. Linear regression for HS participants did not predict MART for all strength measures. In contrast, the regressive model was significant for DL (R2 = 0.482; p = 0.002), DL/BM (R2 = 0.764; p < 0.001), SQ (R2 = 0.357; p = 0.011) and SQ/BM (R2 = 0.644; p < 0.001) in LS participants, compared to MART performance. For VPeak, linear regression also did not demonstrate an association for all strength measures in HS participants. However, SQ (R2 = 0.309; p = 0.021), DL/BM (R2 = 0.343; p = 0.013) and SQ/BM (R2 = 0.618; p < 0.001) were able to predict VPeak. The prediction from the sum of the DL+SQ produced an association for MART (R2 = 0.451; p = 0.003) and VPeak (R2 = 0.273; p = 0.031) in LS participants. In the second phase of the study, 17 participants performed cross-validation by testing the prediction equations. The same methodological procedures were performed for this phase, but only LS participants were tested. The Wilcoxon test compared real MART vs. predicted for DL (p = 0.02) and SQ (p = 0.043), showing differences, but not for DL/BM (p = 0.051) and SQ/BM (p = 0.093). The Wilcoxon test also showed differences for real VPeak vs. predicted for DL/BM (p = 0.002), SQ (p = 0.019) and SQ/BM (p = 0.05). The MART predictive equation based on DL+SQ did not show differences (p = 0.148), but the same did not occur for VPeak based on DL+SQ (p = 0.008). Maximum strength did not show predictive capacity in HS participants. However, it was significant for LS participants. DL showed greater predictive prominence for MART. In contrast, for VPeak, SQ/BM satisfactorily explained the variations in running performance (61%). The predictive equations of MART by DL/BM and SQ/BM were shown to be accurate, as well as DL+SQ to predict MART. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiological Monitoring and Performance Evaluation in Exercise and Sport)
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11 pages, 1358 KiB  
Article
The Agreement Between Bushnell and Stalker Radar Guns for Measuring Ball Speed in Throwing and Kicking
by Piotr Makar, Ana Filipa Silva, Rui Miguel Silva, Marcin Janusiak, Małgorzata Smoter and Filipe Manuel Clemente
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(22), 10476; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142210476 - 14 Nov 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1299
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the agreement of ball speed in throwing and kicking between the Bushnell and the Stalker radar guns. Sixty-four healthy young adults (21.8 ± 3.5 years) performed a total of 320 throws and 320 kicks during the study. Ball [...] Read more.
This study aimed to compare the agreement of ball speed in throwing and kicking between the Bushnell and the Stalker radar guns. Sixty-four healthy young adults (21.8 ± 3.5 years) performed a total of 320 throws and 320 kicks during the study. Ball speed was measured using both the Bushnell and the Stalker radar guns for each trial. The mean difference in throwing speeds was found to be 1.39 km/h (95% CI: 1.20; 1.59), while the mean difference in kicking speeds was 1.38 km/h (95% CI: 1.20; 1.56). The agreement, assessed through intraclass correlation tests, revealed an excellent level of consistency for both ball speeds in throwing (ICC: 0.989 [95% CI: 0.986; 0.991]) and kicking (ICC: 0.986 [95% CI: 0.983; 0.989]). An analysis of variance showed significant differences for both throwing (p < 0.001; d = 0.799) and kicking (p < 0.001; d = 0.851), accompanied by a percentage difference of 2.17% in throwing and 1.91% in kicking. In conclusion, this study suggests that the correlation between both radar guns is excellent. However, Bushnell consistently underestimates the ball speeds of throws and kicks, with differences that are statistically significant and practically relevant. Despite this, the high correlation between the devices indicates that practitioners can use either device, provided they adjust normative values accordingly. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiological Monitoring and Performance Evaluation in Exercise and Sport)
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12 pages, 1581 KiB  
Article
Impact of High-Intensity Interval Training on Different Slopes on Aerobic Performance: A Randomized Controlled Trial
by Alberto Souza Sá Filho, Roberto Dib Bittar, Pedro Augusto Inacio, Júlio Brugnara Mello, Iransé Oliveira-Silva, Patricia Sardinha Leonardo, Gaspar Rogério Chiappa, Rodrigo Alvaro Brandão Lopes-Martins, Tony Meireles Santos and Marcelo Magalhães Sales
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(21), 9699; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14219699 - 24 Oct 2024
Viewed by 2275
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of six high-intensity interval training (HIIT) running sessions on 1% or 10% slopes on various physiological and performance parameters in 25 men. The participants underwent assessments of VO2max, time to exhaustion on 1% slope (TLim1%), and [...] Read more.
This study investigated the impact of six high-intensity interval training (HIIT) running sessions on 1% or 10% slopes on various physiological and performance parameters in 25 men. The participants underwent assessments of VO2max, time to exhaustion on 1% slope (TLim1%), and time to exhaustion on 10% slope (TLim10%) in the initial three visits. They were then randomly assigned to control (CON), HIIT on 1% slope (GT1%), or HIIT on 10% slope (GT10%) groups. Over three weeks, participants performed six HIIT sessions with equalized workload based on their individual maximal oxygen uptake (vVO2max). The sessions comprised 50% of TLim, with a 1:1 ratio of exercise to recovery at 50% vVO2max. The results indicated significant improvements in VO2max and peak velocity (VPeak) after HIIT on both slopes. Heart rate (HR) differed between sessions for GT1%, while no significant differences were observed for GT10%. Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were significantly reduced for GT1% after the third session, with a similar trend for GT10%. In summary, six HIIT sessions on a 1% or 10% slope effectively enhanced VO2max and VPeak, but there was no improvement in TLim performance, suggesting no adaptive transfer between training groups. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiological Monitoring and Performance Evaluation in Exercise and Sport)
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13 pages, 5327 KiB  
Article
Social Network Analysis: Understanding Volleyball Dynamics through Match Opponents
by Marcos Henrique do Nascimento, Henrique de Oliveira Castro, Augusto Cézar Rodrigues Rocha, Auro Barreiros Freire, Gustavo Ferreira Pedrosa, Herbert Ugrinowitsch, Lucas Savassi Figueiredo, Lorenzo Laporta and Gustavo De Conti Teixeira Costa
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(13), 5418; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14135418 - 21 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1025
Abstract
The current investigation scrutinized the strategic approaches employed by the top four teams in the Brazilian Men’s Volleyball Superliga, according to the match’s opponent. The study encompasses the analysis of 22 matches, involving teams ranked first through fourth, competing against each of the [...] Read more.
The current investigation scrutinized the strategic approaches employed by the top four teams in the Brazilian Men’s Volleyball Superliga, according to the match’s opponent. The study encompasses the analysis of 22 matches, involving teams ranked first through fourth, competing against each of the 12 teams participating in the 21–22 season of the Brazilian Men’s Volleyball Superliga, including one home and one away match for each team. Social network analysis facilitated the identification of the interconnections and particularities among all variables, offering a comprehensive perspective. The findings unveiled that during the offensive phase, the second-, third-, and fourth-ranked teams consistently exhibited higher eigenvector values, irrespective of the opposing team, notably when the middle-blocker positioned themselves in front and near the setter. Conversely, the championship-winning team displayed variations in offensive tactics. The team securing the second position demonstrated alterations in setting placement, whereas the other teams executed settings aimed at zones 3 and 4. Additionally, the initial setter’s position at the commencement of a rally displayed varying eigenvector values based on the opponent, indicating team rotation as a performance determinant. Thus, barring the finalist team, the performance of the remaining teams is intricately intertwined with the individual characteristics of players. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiological Monitoring and Performance Evaluation in Exercise and Sport)
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