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Recent Advances in Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Technology, 2nd Volume

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A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 7954

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Dr. Bogdan-George Rusu

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Guest Editor

“Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
Interests: surface characterization; plasma deposition; atmospheric pressure plasmas; plasma diagnosis; atmospheric pressure plasma surface interactions; laser ablation; plasma agriculture
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recently, various plasma sources, especially at atmospheric pressure, have been developed for different applications such as in the food industry, the textile industry, related environmental fields, and medical and agricultural applications. Due to the free electric charge particles that form, plasma has a huge advantage in modifying surfaces at the nanometer level. Plasma treatment of polymer surfaces can cause an increase in polar functional groups by breaking the polymeric chains, leading to the formation of free radicals which can react with the gases supplied to the plasma chamber. If, in addition to the working gas, other reactive gases or monomer groups are used, the surface changes can lead to desired applications.

Atmospheric-pressure plasma can activate the vitality of seeds without causing gene mutations and can also improve the growth and yield of plants. Associated with the promotion of growth, the plants also present resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, which is particularly important in their development. Applications of plasma physics technology in agriculture are increasingly popular, and cold plasma seed treatment is a modern eco-agricultural technology that has been suggested to stimulate plant growth. In medicine, some sources are already applied for the inactivation and sterilization of microorganisms.

As Guest Editors of this Special Issue of Applied Sciences, “Recent Advances in Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Technology”, we are inviting authors to submit their original research contributions dealing with atmospheric-pressure plasma. The topics of interest for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following: plasma diagnostics, plasma material processing, plasma agriculture, plasma medicine, nanomaterials, plasma polymerization, simulation of atmospheric-pressure plasma phenomena.

Dr. Bogdan-George Rusu
Guest Editor

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Keywords

plasma diagnostics
plasma material processing
plasma agriculture
plasma medicine
nanomaterials
plasma polymerization
simulation of atmospheric-pressure plasma phenomena

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 6554 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Optimization of Indirect CAP Exposure as an Effective Osteosarcoma Cells Treatment with Cytotoxic Effects

by Alexandru Bogdan Stache, Ilarion Mihăilă, Ioana Cristina Gerber, Loredana Mihaiela Dragoș, Cosmin Teodor Mihai, Iuliu Cristian Ivanov, Ionuț Topală and Dragoș-Lucian Gorgan

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(13), 7803; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13137803 - 2 Jul 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1315

Abstract

Over the past decade, cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has undergone extensive research as a promising therapeutic approach in oncology, with different treatment methods and exposure configurations being investigated and resulting in various biological effects, most of them after long exposure or treatment durations. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of a custom-made CAP generation source to produce plasma-activated medium (PAM) with cytotoxic effects and subsequently to establish the optimal exposure and treatment parameters. The exposure’s electrical parameters, as well as pH and

{NO}_{2}^{-}

content of PAM were analyzed. The cytotoxic potential and optimal parameters of the treatment were established by evaluating the viability of human osteosarcoma cells (HOS cell line) and human osteoblasts (HOB cell line) treated with PAM under different conditions. Our results showed that indirect treatment with CAP presents selective dose-dependent cytotoxic effects, while the cell viability decrease was not found to be correlated with the PAM acidification due to CAP exposure. The Griess assay revealed very high and long-term stable concentrations of

{NO}_{2}^{-}

in PAM. Overall, this study presents a simple and faster method of producing PAM treatment with cytotoxic effects on HOS cells, by using a custom-built CAP source. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Technology, 2nd Volume)

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13 pages, 3160 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Frequency-Tuned Porous Polyethylene Glycol Films Obtained in Atmospheric-Pressure Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) Plasma

by Bogdan-George Rusu, Cristian Ursu, Mihaela Olaru and Mihail Barboiu

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(3), 1785; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031785 - 30 Jan 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1327

Abstract

This study focuses on the fabrication of plasma-polymerized polyethylene glycol (pp-PEG) with porous morphology in a pulsed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma under atmospheric pressure. The signal frequency that modulates the plasma discharge was found to have a major influence on the pp-PEG film morphology. The recorded discharge current–voltage characteristic allowed us to establish a homogeneous regime of the DBD plasma operated in helium gas flow upon the frequency range 2–10 kHz. The as-prepared pp-PEG films were characterized by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and liquid-phase chromatography (HPLC) techniques. The performed analysis revealed that as the discharge frequency increases, the morphology of the obtained films becomes porous due to the plasma-induced stronger monomer fragmentation. To gain knowledge about the plasma species and the interaction processes that impact the film morphology, optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) fast imaging technique were applied. The determined vibrational (

T_{vib}

) and rotational (

T_{rot}

) temperatures exhibit a decrease with the introduction of monomer vapors into the discharge gap. For instance,

T_{rot}

drops from approximately 475 K to 350 K, and

T_{vib}

falls from 2850 K to 2650 K for a monomer vapor injection rate of 16 µL/min. This was attributed to the energy losses of the plasma-generated particles, as the inelastic collisions augment with the injection of a monomer. Concurrently with the change in temperature, the discharge current varies significantly for the investigated frequency range and exhibits a drop at high frequencies. This discharge current drop was explained by an enhancement of the recombination rate of charged particles and seems to confirm the prevalence of a plasma-induced monomer fragmentation process at high frequencies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Technology, 2nd Volume)

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10 pages, 3080 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development of Ultrasonic Pulsed Plasma Jet Source for Remote Surface Treatment

by Takashi Ohta, Daisuke Ogasawara, Takahiro Iwai, Hidekazu Miyahara and Akitoshi Okino

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(1), 444; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13010444 - 29 Dec 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1567

Abstract

We have developed a supersonic pulsed plasma jet device capable of long-distance and high-speed processing, and investigated its basic characteristics for surface treatment applications, mainly in the material and medical fields. The developed apparatus is equipped with a mechanism to transport active species in the plasma to the object to be treated by jetting the generated high-density plasma outward with supersonic pulse jets, which allows the gas flow velocity to increase significantly during pulse jetting compared with plasma generation. This enables the active species in the plasma to reach the treatment target before deactivation, thereby realizing surface treatment at a distance. Measurements using the Schlieren method revealed that the velocity of the jet flow reached Mach 1.7. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Technology, 2nd Volume)

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22 pages, 3430 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Water Modification by Cold Plasma Jet with Respect to Physical and Chemical Properties

by Panagiotis Svarnas, Michael Poupouzas, Konstantia Papalexopoulou, Electra Kalaitzopoulou, Marianna Skipitari, Polyxeni Papadea, Athina Varemmenou, Evangelos Giannakopoulos, Christos D. Georgiou, Stavroula Georga and Christoforos Krontiras

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(23), 11950; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122311950 - 23 Nov 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3080

Abstract

This work is devoted to unbuffered and buffered water treatment by means of atmospheric pressure cold plasma of electrical discharges. The interest in the activation of these two liquids by plasma-induced, gaseous-phase chemistry ranges over a wide area of potential applications and interdisciplinary scientific fields. These include biology, medicine, sanitation, environmental restoration, agriculture, etc. Atmospheric pressure cold plasma is here produced in the form of a plasma jet and set into physical contact with the liquid specimens. The operational window of the treatment, in terms of plasma reactivity, is determined by means of UV-NIR optical emission spectroscopy, and the treated liquids are probed in a variety of respects. Evaporation rate, temperature, acidity and basicity, resistivity, and oxidation-reduction potential are measured as a function of the treatment time, either in-situ or ex-situ. The formation of principal reactive oxygen species, i.e., ^•OH, H₂O₂ and

O_{2}^{• -}

, with a plasma jet mean power lower than 400 mW, is eventually demonstrated and their concentration is measured with original methods borrowed from the biology field. The experimental results are linked to reports published over the last ten years, which are compiled in a brief but meaningful review. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Technology, 2nd Volume)

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