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Applied Research on Modern Materials in Cultural Heritage: Characterisation, Decay, and Conservation Studies

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 308

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
LAQV/Requimte, Department of Conservation and Restoration, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Monte da Caparica, Portugal
Interests: cultural heritage; conservation science; heritage science; plastics ageing; synthetic polymers; analytical methods; spectroscopy; conservation of modern and contemporary materials

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Guest Editor
Chair of Conservation-Restoration, Art Technology and Conservation Science, Technical University of Munich, Oettingenstr. 15, 80538 Munich, Germany
Interests: cultural heritage; conservation science; heritage science; plastics ageing; synthetic polymers; analytical methods; spectroscopy; conservation of modern and contemporary materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Modern materials, such as plastics, foams, elastomers, films and coatings, have been increasingly found in cultural heritage artefacts since the 19th century. These materials, while groundbreaking at the time of their use, are now presenting conservators and researchers with unique challenges related to their identification and ageing, and in the development of conservation and preventive strategies.

This Special Issue aims to present cutting-edge research that addresses the characterization, decay mechanisms and conservation strategies for these modern materials in cultural heritage. We invite contributions that include new or established approaches to studying the ageing of plastic-based materials, as well as methodologies for identifying, preserving or conserving these materials in heritage contexts.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • The identification of plastics, foams, elastomers, films and coatings in heritage artefacts, including sampling and non-sampling techniques;
  • Ageing mechanisms and the degradation of modern materials, including comparative studies of natural and artificial decay;
  • Preventive approaches, including environmental, storage and exhibition conditions;
  • Conservation and restoration methodologies, such as cleaning, consolidation, adhesion and the use of protective coatings.

Dr. Susana França De Sá
Dr. Eva Mariasole Angelin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plastics
  • foams
  • elastomers
  • films
  • ageing
  • identification
  • conservation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

28 pages, 10216 KiB  
Article
Stability and Degradation Issues of Manganese Violet Pigment in Polymeric Paints: Morphological and Chemical Changes Under SO2 and Humidity Exposure
by Laura Pagnin, Giulia Cardin, Valentina Pintus, Michele Back, Farkas Pintér, Katja Sterflinger and Francesca Caterina Izzo
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(9), 4630; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15094630 - 22 Apr 2025
Abstract
This study focuses on investigating the stability of modern and contemporary paints based on manganese violet pigment PV16 (NH4MnP2O7) when exposed to atmospheric pollutants, specifically sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the presence of high relative humidity. [...] Read more.
This study focuses on investigating the stability of modern and contemporary paints based on manganese violet pigment PV16 (NH4MnP2O7) when exposed to atmospheric pollutants, specifically sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the presence of high relative humidity. In particular, this study aims to investigate the role of PV16 in increasing the degradation processes of various modern binders. Therefore, the objectives of this research can be divided into (i) evaluating the chemical modifications involving PV16, (ii) investigating the degradation processes that occur in different organic matrices (i.e., drying oil, alkyd resin, and acrylic and styrene–acrylic emulsions), and (iii) comparing the chemical stability of model and commercial paints. The paints were analyzed by 3D Optical Microscopy, Attenuated total Reflection–Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and μ-Raman Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscope coupled with Energy Dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD), Fiber Optic Reflectance Spectroscopy (FORS), Pyrolysis–Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), and Thermally assisted Hydrolysis and Methylation (THM) of Py-GC/MS (THM-Py-GC/MS). The results show that when exposed to high relative humidity and SO2, PV16 presents a colorimetric change from violet to grey; several compounds crystallize on the surface; and, depending on the binder, various degradation reactions occur. This study highlights the susceptibility of manganese violet pigment PV16 under certain environmental conditions, which may be considered to define adequate conservation strategies for works of art containing this specific pigment. Additionally, the results obtained within this investigation point out the need to expand the chemical knowledge of this material for engineering, sensing, and industrial applications. Full article
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