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Recent Advances in Mathematical Modeling of Energy-Based Tumor Ablation

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2023) | Viewed by 7707

Special Issue Editors

Intelligent Energy-Based Tumor Ablation Laboratory, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
Interests: energy-based tumor ablation; mathematical modeling; advanced medical devices

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Guest Editor
Mechanical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
Interests: computational modelling; biomedical engineering; thermal ablation; cancer treatment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada
Interests: mechanical design; dynamic system and control; MEMS; robotics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Energy-based tumor ablation has become a critically alternative modality to treat tumors in various organs in clinics, and it has been developed into different modalities, such as radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, laser ablation, high-intensity focused ultrasound, cryoablation and irreversible electroporation. Mathematical modeling is an important tool in the field of tumor ablation for exploring the working principle of ablation with different modalities, designing novel protocols for different ablation modalities, predicating ablation outcome, etc. Furthermore, an accurate mathematical model can be used as a testbed, replacing in vivo experiments, which saves many resources (e.g., samples of animals, etc.). A mathematical model is also necessary for optimizing the treatment protocol. This Special Issue will aim to collecting papers, which represent the state of the art of mathematical modeling for energy-based tumor ablation applications and provide further perspectives of this subject. The topics of this Special Issue include, but are not limited to:

  • Principal-based mathematical modeling;
  • Empirical-based mathematical modeling;
  • Data-driven mathematical modeling;
  • Monte Carlo simulation;
  • Molecular dynamics simulation;
  • Novel mathematical modeling concepts and techniques;
  • Mechanisms of tumor ablation with different modalities;
  • Bioheat transfer;
  • Design of novel treatment modalities;
  • Cellular responses to electric fields;
  • Molecular responses to electric fields;
  • Mathematical modeling of tissues and anatomy.

Dr. Bing Zhang
Dr. Ean Hin Ooi
Prof. Dr. Wenjun (Chris) Zhang
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • irreversible electroporation
  • thermal ablation
  • mathematical modeling
  • data-driven modeling
  • Monte Carlo simulation

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3929 KiB  
Article
Simulation and Experimental Study on the Responses of Subcellular Structures in Tumor Cells Induced by 5 ns Pulsed Electric Fields
by Chenguo Yao, Xin Ma, Kun Qian, Yancheng Wang and Shoulong Dong
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(14), 8142; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13148142 - 13 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1187
Abstract
In order to explore the bioelectric effect of 5 ns pulsed electric fields on tumor cells, a spherical single-cell multiphysics model was first established based on the finite element simulation platform. In consideration of the dielectric relaxation of the biological plasma membrane under [...] Read more.
In order to explore the bioelectric effect of 5 ns pulsed electric fields on tumor cells, a spherical single-cell multiphysics model was first established based on the finite element simulation platform. In consideration of the dielectric relaxation of the biological plasma membrane under the high-frequency electric fields, the electroporation and Maxwell stress tensors on the cell membrane and nuclear envelope were analyzed; secondly, taking MDA-MB-231 cells as the research object, combined with fluorescent probe technology, the state change and fluorescence dissipation of its subcellular structure exposed to pulse fields were studied. The results showed that 5 ns pulsed electric fields directly acted inside the cell, causing an electroporation effect and tensile stress on the nuclear envelope, destroying the integrity and order of the cytoskeleton, and damaging the functions of subcellular structures including endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, etc. This study provides theoretical and experimental evidence for the research and application of a high-voltage short pulse in the field of biomedical engineering. Full article
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17 pages, 3492 KiB  
Article
A Single-Cell Electroporation Model for Quantitatively Estimating the Pore Area Ratio by High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation
by Lujia Ding, Zheng Fang, Michael A. J. Moser, Wenjun Zhang and Bing Zhang
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(3), 1808; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031808 - 31 Jan 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2709
Abstract
The electroporation technique utilizes pulsed electric fields to induce porous defects in the cell membrane, and the technique can be used for delivering drugs into cells and killing cancer cells. To develop an electric pulse protocol in the clinic with this technique, the [...] Read more.
The electroporation technique utilizes pulsed electric fields to induce porous defects in the cell membrane, and the technique can be used for delivering drugs into cells and killing cancer cells. To develop an electric pulse protocol in the clinic with this technique, the key issue is to understand the evolution of pores in the cell membrane during the process of electroporation. This paper presents a study to address this issue. Specifically, a mathematical model of single-cell electroporation (SCE) was developed, which includes pore area ratio (PAR) as an indicator of the electroporation dynamics and area weight for considering the 3D nature of cells. The model was employed to simulate the electroporation of a single cell with different high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) protocols. The simulation result has found that the change of PAR with respect to the time duration of electroporation follows a sigmoid pattern to increase under specific protocols, which is called the cumulative effect of PAR. Subsequently, the relationship between the protocol of H-FIRE, described by a set of pulse parameters such as pulse width, pulse delay, electric field strength, and pulse burst duration, and the cumulative effect of PAR was established, which thereby allows designing the protocol to kill cells effectively. The study concluded that the proposed SCE model, along with the cumulative effect of PAR, is useful in designing H-FIRE protocols for the ablation of cancer tumors in the clinic. Full article
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13 pages, 3213 KiB  
Article
Computer Simulations of Dual-Antenna Microwave Ablation and Comparison to Experimental Measurements
by Jinying Wang, Shengyang Huang, Hongjian Gao, Ju Liu, Yubo Zhang and Shuicai Wu
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(1), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13010026 - 20 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2874
Abstract
Single-antenna microwave ablation (MWA) is mainly used to treat small tumors less than 3 cm in diameter. To obtain a larger coagulation zone in a single ablation, a dual-antenna ablation approach was proposed. A three-dimensional finite element method (FEM) simulation model of parallel [...] Read more.
Single-antenna microwave ablation (MWA) is mainly used to treat small tumors less than 3 cm in diameter. To obtain a larger coagulation zone in a single ablation, a dual-antenna ablation approach was proposed. A three-dimensional finite element method (FEM) simulation model of parallel dual-antennas was developed. Ex vivo experiments at 50 W for 8 min were performed to verify the model. Both the temperature changes in tissue and the size of the coagulation zone were recorded. The effects of dual-antenna spacing, heating power, and blood perfusion on the coagulation zone were analyzed. Fifteen experiments were carried out. The errors between the mean measurements and simulated results at the set temperature points were 1.08 °C, 0.95 °C, and 2.1 °C, respectively. For the same conditions, the blood perfusion of 1.0, 1.5, and 3.0 kg/(m3·s) can result in a reduction in the coagulation volume by 18.4%, 25.4%, and 42.5%. As the spacing increased, the coagulation zone of each antenna started to fuse together later and the resulting integral coagulation zone became larger. Dual-antenna MWA is expected to be used for the treatment of tumors larger than 5 cm in diameter. Full article
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