Applied Sciences

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14 pages, 1064 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Tilted Implants and Sinus Floor Elevation Techniques Compared in Posterior Edentulous Maxilla: A Retrospective Clinical Study over Four Years of Follow-Up

by Enrico Felice Gherlone, Bianca D’Orto, Matteo Nagni, Paolo Capparè and Raffaele Vinci

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(13), 6729; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12136729 - 2 Jul 2022

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 1867

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the implant survival rate, marginal bone loss, and surgical and prosthetic complications of implants placed through sinus floor elevation and tilted implants engaged in basal bone to bypass the maxillary sinus. Sixty patients were enrolled [...] Read more.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the implant survival rate, marginal bone loss, and surgical and prosthetic complications of implants placed through sinus floor elevation and tilted implants engaged in basal bone to bypass the maxillary sinus. Sixty patients were enrolled for this study. According to the residual bone height of the posterior maxilla, the sample was divided into three groups of 20 patients: Group A (lateral sinus floor elevation), Group B (transcrestal sinus floor elevation), and Group C (tilted implants employed to bypass the sinus floor). Follow-up visits were performed one week after surgery, at three and six months, and then once a year for the next 4 years. The outcomes were the implant survival rate, marginal bone loss, and surgical and prosthetic complications. Although Groups A, B, and C demonstrated implant survival rates of 83.3%, 86.7%, and 98.3%, respectively, the statistical analysis showed no statistically significant difference between groups. Statistically significant differences between groups were also not found concerning marginal bone loss, as recorded by intra-oral X-ray measurements during follow-up examinations. Regarding complications, it was not possible to perform a statistical analysis. To reduce possible surgical risks, implant placement in basal bone could be preferred. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Science for Oral Implantology—Fake vs. News)

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15 pages, 449 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Retrospective Study of Biohorizons^® Implants Placed by Postgraduate Students at the University of Barcelona

by Arianna Graterol-Duran, Raùl Ayuso-Montero, Constanza Saka-Herrán, Mónica Blazquez-Hinarejos, Paula Roca-Obis, Antonio Marí-Roig and José López-López

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(6), 2958; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12062958 - 14 Mar 2022

Viewed by 1686

Abstract

The study aimed to evaluate the survival and failure rate, in the short- and medium-term, in addition to its relationship with risk factors, in implants placed by postgraduate students of the Master of Medicine, Surgery, and Oral Implantology course from the University of [...] Read more.

The study aimed to evaluate the survival and failure rate, in the short- and medium-term, in addition to its relationship with risk factors, in implants placed by postgraduate students of the Master of Medicine, Surgery, and Oral Implantology course from the University of Barcelona. The study was designed including 192 patients with 422 implants placed between 2015 and 2018. Variables of implant failure were evaluated and related. Failure was split into early failure and late failure. Qualitative data were compared using the chi-squared test, taking p ≤ 0.05 as a significant value. The comparison of quantitative variables was carried out using the Student’s t-test for independent samples. The survival rate in a period of 6 months to 3 years was 97.87%. The mean age of the patients was (54.5 ± 13), and the largest number of implants were placed in the 51–60 age range. The failure rate was 2.13% (N = 9), 6 failed early and 3 failed after definitive prosthetic loading, with a p value < 0.0001. When comparing the failures according to their location in the anterior/posterior sector of the arch, the anterior sector showed statistically significant results (p = 0.027). Failed implants had a statistically significant relationship when they were placed in the anterior sector and were performed in the early stage. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Science for Oral Implantology—Fake vs. News)

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15 pages, 13458 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Learning Curve of Artificial Intelligence for Dental Implant Treatment Planning: A Descriptive Study

by Pathompong Roongruangsilp and Pathawee Khongkhunthian

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(21), 10159; https://doi.org/10.3390/app112110159 - 29 Oct 2021

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3072

Abstract

Introduction: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been applied to implant dentistry. The increasing use of this technology produces a critical number of images that can be used for training artificial intelligence (AI). Objectives: To investigate the learning curve of the developed AI for [...] Read more.

Introduction: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been applied to implant dentistry. The increasing use of this technology produces a critical number of images that can be used for training artificial intelligence (AI). Objectives: To investigate the learning curve of the developed AI for dental implant planning in the posterior maxillary region. Methods: A total of 184 CBCT image sets of patients receiving posterior maxillary implants were processed with software (DentiPlan Pro version 3.7; NECTEC, NSTDA, Thailand) to acquire 316 implant position images. The planning software image interfaces were anonymously captured with full-screen resolution. Three hundred images were randomly sorted to create six data sets, including 1–50, 1–100, 1–150, 1–200, 1–250, and 1–300. The data sets were used to develop AI for dental implant planning through the IBM PowerAI Vision platform (IBM Thailand Co., Ltd., Bangkok, Thailand) by using a faster R-CNN algorithm. Four data augmentation algorithms, including blur, sharpen, color, and noise, were also integrated to observe the improvement of the model. After the testing process with 16 images that were not included in the training set, the recorded data were analyzed for detection and accuracy to generate the learning curve of the model. Results: The learning curve revealed some similar patterns. The curve trend of the original and blurred augmented models was in a similar pattern in the panoramic image. In the last training set, the blurred augmented model improved the detection by 12.50%, but showed less accuracy than the original model by 18.34%, whereas the other three augmented models had different patterns. They were continuously increasing in both detection and accuracy. However, their detection dropped in the last training set. The colored augmented model demonstrated the best improvement with 40% for the panoramic image and 18.59% for the cross-sectional image. Conclusions: Within the limitation of the study, it may be concluded that the number of images used in AI development is positively related to the AI interpretation. The data augmentation techniques to improve the ability of AI are still questionable. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Science for Oral Implantology—Fake vs. News)

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13 pages, 6254 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Establishment of a New Biomechanical Measurement Method for Surface Deformation of Bone by Force Application via Dental Implants—A Pilot Study

by Ragai Edward Matta, Katharina Riegger, Horst Trägler, Werner Adler, Stephan Eitner, Manfred Wichmann and Constantin Motel

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(16), 7568; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11167568 - 18 Aug 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2543

Abstract

Purpose: To date, the qualitative and quantitative recording of biomechanical processes in dental implants represents one of the greatest challenges in modern dentistry. Modern, dynamic, 3D optical measurement techniques allow highly constant and highly accurate measurement of biomechanical processes and can be superior [...] Read more.

Purpose: To date, the qualitative and quantitative recording of biomechanical processes in dental implants represents one of the greatest challenges in modern dentistry. Modern, dynamic, 3D optical measurement techniques allow highly constant and highly accurate measurement of biomechanical processes and can be superior to conventional methods. This work serves to establish a new measurement method. Materials and Methods: A comparative analysis was undertaken for two different measurement systems, two conventional strain gauges versus the 3D optical two-camera measurement system ARAMIS (GOM GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany), as they detected surface changes on an artificial bone block under masticatory force application. Two implants (Straumann Standard Implants Regular Neck, Straumann GmbH, Freiburg, Germany) were placed in the bone block, and three different three-unit bridges were fabricated. Increasing masticatory forces, from 0 to 200 N, were applied to the bone block via each of these bridges and the inserted implants. Fifteen repetitions of the test were performed using a universal testing machine. The computer unit of the ARAMIS system was used to simultaneously integrate the surface changes recorded by the strain gauges and the ARAMIS system. The areas on the bone block examined by the dynamic 3D optical measurement method corresponded exactly to the locations and extent of the strain gauges. A statistical comparative analysis was carried out separately for the strain gauges and the corresponding optical measuring surface at the defined force magnitudes. The equivalence test and the intraclass correlation served as statistical means. Results: In the case of the intraclass correlation, a clear concordance of both measurement methods could be shown for all examined cases. For the equivalence test, no significance could be shown in individual cases. Conclusion: The accuracy of the modern, dynamic, 3D optical measurement method is comparable to that of conventional strain gauges. On this basis, versatile new research approaches in the field of biomechanics of dental implants can be pursued by establishing this method. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Science for Oral Implantology—Fake vs. News)

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8 pages, 433 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Support Group as a Management Modality for Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Randomized Prospective Study

by Talia Becker, Yafit Hamzani, Gavriel Chaushu, Shlomit Perry and Bahaa Haj Yahya

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(16), 7207; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11167207 - 5 Aug 2021

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2536

Abstract

We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a support group in the management of burning mouth syndrome (BMS). The cohort included 22 adult patients with BMS who attended the oral and maxillofacial department of a tertiary medical center in 2014–2019 and agreed to [...] Read more.

We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a support group in the management of burning mouth syndrome (BMS). The cohort included 22 adult patients with BMS who attended the oral and maxillofacial department of a tertiary medical center in 2014–2019 and agreed to participate in the study. Eleven patients were assigned to a support group and took part in 90 min sessions held once weekly for 4 weeks (a total of 4 sessions), and the remainder continued their previous individual BMS management routine (control group). All patients completed a life-quality questionnaire before and 3 months after the group sessions. Scores for each group were compared between the two time points with a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. There was a significant decrease in scores for malaise (p = 0.041), total pain (p = 0.046), and difficulty enjoying food (p = 0.026) before and after the group sessions in the study group. No significant changes were found in the control group in any of the parameters examined. A group support can alleviate pain and other clinical symptoms of BMS. Further longer-term prospective studies are needed to corroborate our findings. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Science for Oral Implantology—Fake vs. News)

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9 pages, 2405 KiB

Open AccessArticle

In-Vitro Investigation of Fatigue and Fracture Behavior of Transmucosal versus Submerged Bone Level Implants Used in Fixed Prosthesis

by Saverio Cosola, Paolo Toti, Enrico Babetto, Ugo Covani, Miguel Peñarrocha-Diago and David Peñarrocha-Oltra

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(13), 6186; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11136186 - 3 Jul 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2378

Abstract

Background: The present in vitro study aimed to investigate the fatigue performance of different dental fixtures in two different emergence profiles. Biological failures are frequently reported because the problem canonly be solved by replacing a failing implant with a new one. Clinicians addressed [...] Read more.

Background: The present in vitro study aimed to investigate the fatigue performance of different dental fixtures in two different emergence profiles. Biological failures are frequently reported because the problem canonly be solved by replacing a failing implant with a new one. Clinicians addressed minor mechanical failures, such as bending, loosening or the fracture of screws, abutment, or the entire prosthesis, by simply replacing or fixing them. Methods: Transmucosal and submerged bone-level dental implants underwent fatigue strength tests (statical and dynamical performance) by a standardized test: UNI EN ISO 14801:2016. Two types of emergence profiles (Premium sub-crestal straight implant with a cylindrical-shaped coronal emergence or Prama one-piece cylindrical-shape implant with transmucosal convergent neck and hyperbolic geometry) were tested, and dynamic fatigue were run to failure. Data was analyzed by a suitable statistical tool. Results: The Wöhler curve of 0.38 cm Premium group c2, appeared to be significantly different from that of the 0.38 cm Prama group c3 (nonparametric one-way ANOVA χ² = 6; degree of freedom = 1; probability = 0.0043) but not from that of the 0.33 cm Premium group c1 (nonparametric one-way ANOVA χ² = 0.62; degree of freedom = 1; probability = 0.4328). Fatigue performance of configuration 2 was one and a half times better than that of configuration 3. Group c3 had a better ultimate failure load (421.6 ± 12.5 N) than the other two settings i.e., c1 (324.5 ± 5.5 N) and c2 (396.3 ± 5.6) reaching almost a nonsignificant level. Conclusions: It was observed that a transmucosal implant design could provide the highest resistance to static fracture. On the other hand, an equicrestal implant design could increase dynamic endurance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Science for Oral Implantology—Fake vs. News)

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14 pages, 1684 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Retrospective Study on Tooth Shell Technique Using Endodontically Treated Teeth in Lateral Ridge Augmentation

by Michael Korsch and Marco Peichl

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(13), 5882; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11135882 - 24 Jun 2021

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2209

Abstract

Autogenous dentin has been reported to be a suitable grafting material for certain indications. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of using endodontically treated teeth for this application. In the present retrospective study, one-stage augmentation of lateral ridge defects [...] Read more.

Autogenous dentin has been reported to be a suitable grafting material for certain indications. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of using endodontically treated teeth for this application. In the present retrospective study, one-stage augmentation of lateral ridge defects with a dentin shell and particulate (tooth shell technique (TST)) either obtained from endodontically treated teeth (ETT, 17 patients with 21 implants) or non-endodontically treated teeth (NETT, 17 patients with 24 implants) were analyzed. Follow-up was conducted 3 months after augmentation. The target parameters were biological complications, horizontal hard tissue loss, osseointegration, and the integrity of the buccal lamella. Only minor complications occurred in three implants from three patients, including two cases of wound dehiscence (one each in ETT and NETT) and a localized three-walled defect in the NETT group, which was solved by re-augmentation. All the implants were osseointegrated and the integrity of the buccal lamella was preserved. The mean difference of the resorption of the crestal width and the buccal lamella did not differ statistically between the two groups. As TST using ETT showed, the results comparable to those of NETT dentin from endodontically treated teeth can be safely applied with predictable results for this grafting technique. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Science for Oral Implantology—Fake vs. News)

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Review

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9 pages, 705 KiB

Open AccessReview

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Use of Hyaluronic Acid Injections to Restore Interproximal Papillae

by Arturo Sanchez-Perez, Tania Rosa Vela-García, Bibiana Mateos-Moreno, Alfonso Jornet-García and Carlos Navarro-Cuellar

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(22), 10572; https://doi.org/10.3390/app112210572 - 10 Nov 2021

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2983

Abstract

The absence of interdental papillae leads to the appearance of black triangles. For most patients, the appearance of these triangles is an important reason for concern and affects their social relationships. Multiple reconstruction techniques have been developed with different degrees of success and [...] Read more.

The absence of interdental papillae leads to the appearance of black triangles. For most patients, the appearance of these triangles is an important reason for concern and affects their social relationships. Multiple reconstruction techniques have been developed with different degrees of success and predictability. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of hyaluronic acid (HA) injected into interproximal papillae 6 months after injection and to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis. After a systematic review, seven articles were selected: two clinical randomised controlled trials and five clinical trials. In total, 127 patients with a deficiency in upper papillae in the front of the maxilla and jaw were included in the study. The height variable was evaluated (mm) 6 months after HA injection. In total, 166 interproximal papillae were studied. Four articles showed an important difference in favour of intervention. The total result regarding in the injection of HA was favourable with an approximate average filling of 0.47 mm in the height of the interdental papilla. The injection of HA for the reconstruction of deficient papillae in the region of the upper and lower maxilla was a possible option treatment strategy in mild black triangles. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Science for Oral Implantology—Fake vs. News)

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Other

Jump to: Research, Review

18 pages, 2216 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Peri-Implantitis Therapy Using Surgical Methods: A Systematic Review

by Shiromani Wijesundara, Lavanya A. Sharma, Seyed Ebrahim Alavi and Ajay Sharma

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(5), 3166; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13053166 - 1 Mar 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2234

Abstract

This study is a systematic review evaluating published literature on the effect of surgical treatments on peri-implantitis. Various databases were selected for the literature search on the topic. The considered primary clinical parameters were changes in probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing [...] Read more.

This study is a systematic review evaluating published literature on the effect of surgical treatments on peri-implantitis. Various databases were selected for the literature search on the topic. The considered primary clinical parameters were changes in probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BoP), radiographic bone change, plaque score, signs of infection, and implant loss. Five research studies comprising 20 or more sample sizes (patients) with minimal two-year follow-up after surgical treatment were selected, based on preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. In all five studies, PPD and BoP were significantly reduced compared to those before intervention. However, there was no significant variation in the patients treated with open flap debridement, citric acid decontamination, and subepithelial connective tissue graft. The highest reduction of BoP was recorded in the study utilizing regenerative surgical therapy, deproteinized bovine bone mineral containing 10% collagen, the derivative of enamel matrix, and doxycycline. According to the two–five-year follow-up of this systemic review, surgical treatment, including bone substitute material, showed clinical improvement in the reviewed studies, compared to that before intervention; however, there was no statistical significance in the clinical outcome of the selected studies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Science for Oral Implantology—Fake vs. News)

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19 pages, 5539 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Predictability and Clinical Stability of Barrier Membranes in Treatment of Periodontal Intrabony Defects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

by Sharmistha Das, Saurav Panda, Rashmita Nayak, Rinkee Mohanty, Anurag Satpathy, Abhaya Chandra Das, Manoj Kumar and Barbara Lapinska

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(10), 4835; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12104835 - 10 May 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2130

Abstract

The adjunctive use of GTR membranes helps us to achieve predictable periodontal regeneration. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate and compare the treatment efficacy of resorbable versus non-resorbable barrier membranes used in guided tissue regeneration in the treatment of intrabony [...] Read more.

The adjunctive use of GTR membranes helps us to achieve predictable periodontal regeneration. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate and compare the treatment efficacy of resorbable versus non-resorbable barrier membranes used in guided tissue regeneration in the treatment of intrabony defects in chronic periodontitis patients. The following databases were searched: Medline, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trails (CENTRAL), SCOPUS, EMBASE. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published in English languages over the past 25 years were included. The primary outcomes assessed were: change of probing pocket depth (PD), change in clinical attachment level (CAL) and gingival recession coverage (GRC), and intrabony defect fill (IBDF). A total of eight RCTs were included for systematic review. The outcome of GR at a six-month interval revealed a significant difference in treatment effect with a mean difference of 0.42, 95% CI [0.02, 0.81]; Z = 2.09, (p = 0.04) favouring the resorbable membrane group. The intrabony defect depth fill at a 12-month interval revealed a significant difference in treatment effect with MD of 0.79, p = 0.00001; favoring the resorbable membrane group. The resorbable membrane showed a significant improvement in gingival recession coverage and intrabony defect fill, owing to its advantage of avoiding the second surgical intervention. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Science for Oral Implantology—Fake vs. News)

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7 pages, 2020 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Late Developed Unusual Nasal Involvement of Postoperative Maxillary Cyst Following Maxillary Sinus Augmentation: A Case Report

by Won-Bae Park and Hyun-Chang Lim

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(22), 10730; https://doi.org/10.3390/app112210730 - 13 Nov 2021

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 4359

Abstract

Postoperative maxillary cyst (POMC) is a benign expansive cystic lesion of the maxilla generally related to invasive maxillary surgeries or trauma. POMC can also develop after maxillary sinus augmentation (MSA), but many dentists are not well-aware of such complication of MSA. A 56-year-old [...] Read more.

Postoperative maxillary cyst (POMC) is a benign expansive cystic lesion of the maxilla generally related to invasive maxillary surgeries or trauma. POMC can also develop after maxillary sinus augmentation (MSA), but many dentists are not well-aware of such complication of MSA. A 56-year-old male patient had undergone bilateral MSA. After 18 years, the patient reported painless swelling on the left palate. On the panoramic radiographs, no specific findings were found, but a large unilocular lesion was detected at the medial side of the previous augmentation of the left maxillary sinus on cone-beam computed tomographic examination. The lesion expanded medially and downward to destruct the medial wall of the maxillary sinus and palatal bone. Medial expansion of the lesion also reached the nasal septum and inferior meatus. Due to the extent and the location, the lesion was hard to manage using an intraoral surgical approach. The patient was then referred to an otolaryngologist in a university hospital. Endoscopic marsupialization was performed under general anesthesia. Previous augmentation and dental implants could be maintained during the marsupialization. The removed tissue sample revealed respiratory epithelium with inflammatory cell infiltration, confirming that the lesion was a postoperative maxillary cyst (POMC). There has been no recurrence of POMC to date. POMC is a rare postoperative complication of maxillary sinus augmentation, but clinicians should be aware of the possibility of POMC and the necessity of regular radiological monitoring. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Science for Oral Implantology—Fake vs. News)

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7 pages, 6016 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Immediate Implants with Early Loading Accompanying Autogenous Bone Grafting in a Maxilla with Periodontal Destruction: A Case Report

by Jeong-Kui Ku, Jae-Young Kim and Jong-Ki Huh

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(16), 7560; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11167560 - 18 Aug 2021

Viewed by 1805

Abstract

In the case of multiple hopeless teeth and severe bone loss, a conventional healing protocol of 3–4 months has been recommended to prevent the possibility of infection or unpredictable resorption of grafted bone during consolidation of the extraction socket. The use of a [...] Read more.

In the case of multiple hopeless teeth and severe bone loss, a conventional healing protocol of 3–4 months has been recommended to prevent the possibility of infection or unpredictable resorption of grafted bone during consolidation of the extraction socket. The use of a provisional denture is inevitable in the case of delayed implant placement, which is a common risk factor for wound dehiscence after a bone graft. Although autogenous bone is still the gold standard for bone grafting because of its excellent biocompatibility and osteogenic potential, there has been controversy in the unpredictable resorption of autogenous bone grafting. We present a case of successful maxillary rehabilitation without the use of provisional dentures by immediate implant placement, with early loading accompanying an extensive autogenous bone graft. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Science for Oral Implantology—Fake vs. News)

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