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Atmosphere
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Research on Tropical Cyclone: Formation and Implications
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Research on Tropical Cyclone: Formation and Implications

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Meteorology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (24 October 2022) | Viewed by 4308

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Chao Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Aviation Meteorology, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, China
Interests: tropical cyclone; aircraft turbulence; aircraft icing; extreme weather; gravity waves; teleconnection pattern
Dr. Ying Wen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Aviation Meteorology, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, China
Interests: gravity waves; thunderstorm; lighting

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Tropical cyclones (TCs) typically cause extreme rainfall and flooding and plague coastal communities around the world, threatening millions of people and causing many billions of dollars in damage to infrastructure—impacts that are only increasing as coastal development continues worldwide. These impacts result in severe consequences in all ocean basins frequented by TCs. Significant efforts are being undertaken at operational and research facilities to improve the understanding and prediction of TC track, intensity, structure, and associated impacts, in particular from wind, surge, rainfall, and severe weather. They are difficult to model because of the wide range of spatiotemporal scales involved in their development and lifecycles. Despite many worthy observational and numerical modeling studies in recent decades, the detailed physical processes associated with TC formation are still inadequate. In this Special Issue, we invite original articles that use advanced data analysis techniques and numerical modeling techniques for the formation and implications of TCs, mainly on the mechanism of multiscale circulation interaction, oscillations and sudden changes of tracks, intensity, and structure variation during the generation of tropical cyclones. We hope that these articles will propose a synthesis of new observations and new concepts on how tropical cyclone formation occurs and reveal the effects and implication of TCs.

Dr. Chao Wang
Dr. Ying Wen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cyclone formation
  • tropical cyclogenesis
  • cyclone dynamics
  • numerical modeling
  • external forcings
  • implication

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 7597 KiB  
Article
A Contrast of the Monsoon–Tropical Cyclone Relationship between the Western and Eastern North Pacific
by Jinwen Weng, Lei Wang, Jianzhou Luo, Baiyang Chen, Xugang Peng and Qiuying Gan
Atmosphere 2022, 13(9), 1465; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091465 - 9 Sep 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1800
Abstract
The monsoon and tropical cyclone (TC) are principal components of global climate variability. The relationship between the monsoon intensity and the TC genesis frequency (TCGF) in different major monsoon regions has not been fully studied. Here, we compared the relationship of monsoon intensity [...] Read more.
The monsoon and tropical cyclone (TC) are principal components of global climate variability. The relationship between the monsoon intensity and the TC genesis frequency (TCGF) in different major monsoon regions has not been fully studied. Here, we compared the relationship of monsoon intensity and TCGF during the extended boreal summer between the western and eastern North Pacific, results of which revealed different monsoon–TC relationships (with opposite-sign correlations) in these two regions. A significant positive correlation could be found between the western North Pacific summer monsoon (WNPSM) index and the TCGF over the western North Pacific (WNP). In contrast, a significant negative correlation was identified between the North American summer monsoon (NASM) index and the TCGF over the eastern North Pacific (ENP). The observed different monsoon–TC relationships could be explained by the monsoon-associated changes in the environmental factors over the regions where TCs were formed and the influences from sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies across tropical ocean basins. By comparing the environmental factors in the TC genesis potential index (GPI), the mid-level relative humidity (vertical wind shear) was the factor to make the largest contribution to the monsoon-associated TC genesis changes over the WNP (ENP). In strong (weak) WNPSM years, the high (low) atmospheric mid-level relative humidity could promote (inhibit) the TCGF over the WNP, resulting in a significant positive monsoon–TC correlation. In contrast, in strong (weak) NASM years, the strong (weak) vertical wind shear could inhibit (promote) the TCGF over the ENP, thus leading to a significant negative monsoon–TC correlation. In addition, the WNPSM and the TCGF over the WNP could be modulated by the similar tropical Pacific–Atlantic SST anomalies jointly, thus leading to a significant positive correlation between the WNPSM and the WNP TCGF. In contrast, the signs of tropical Pacific–Atlantic SST anomalies influencing the NASM were almost opposite to those affecting the TCGF over the ENP, thus resulting in a significant negative correlation between the NASM and the ENP TCGF. The results obtained herein highlight the differences of the monsoon–TC relationship between the WNP and the ENP, which may provide useful information for the prediction of monsoon intensity and TC formation number over these two regions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Tropical Cyclone: Formation and Implications)
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14 pages, 3220 KiB  
Article
Interdecadal Change in the Relationship between the Winter Siberian High and Summer Tropical Cyclone Genesis Frequency over the Western North Pacific
by Yi-Fei Gong, Fang Zhou, Chao Wang and Jian Shi
Atmosphere 2022, 13(9), 1342; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091342 - 23 Aug 2022
Viewed by 1949
Abstract
Interdecadal change in the relationship between the winter Siberian high (SH) and tropical cyclone genesis frequency (TCGF) is investigated using observational and reanalysis data. Focus is on the Western North Pacific (WNP) where environmental background associated with TCGF is closely related to the [...] Read more.
Interdecadal change in the relationship between the winter Siberian high (SH) and tropical cyclone genesis frequency (TCGF) is investigated using observational and reanalysis data. Focus is on the Western North Pacific (WNP) where environmental background associated with TCGF is closely related to the winter SH. It is demonstrated that the relationship presents clear interdecadal change during 1980–2020. A significant negative correlation dominates in the last two decades of the 20th century (P1), but it clearly weakens from the early 2000s onward (P2). Observational evidence shows that such interdecadal change is related dominantly to variations in the air–sea responses associated with the winter SH over the North Pacific. During P1, when the SH is anomalously strengthened, an Aleutian Low (AL) response occurs over the downstream North Pacific, which gradually develops into a meridional dipole distribution pattern consistent with the negative North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) mode during the following spring. The northeasterly wind anomaly over the subtropical North Pacific maintains and further delivers into the tropical Pacific. It favors easterly wind anomaly enhancement over the tropical Pacific around summer and grows into an anticyclonic circulation response in the WNP, which restrains the genesis of TCs. During P2, the eastward shift of the SH anomaly favors a weak AL over the Northeast Pacific followed by a northeastward-shifted anticyclone over the subtropical central-eastern Pacific, which confines the relatively weak northeasterly wind anomalies far away from the tropical Pacific. This was concurrent with a weakening relationship between the SH and WNP TCGF, indicating weaker downstream impacts of the winter SH. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Tropical Cyclone: Formation and Implications)
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