Osteosarcoma: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 1769

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Divisione di Oncologia Medica del Melanoma e Sarcomi, Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Treatment, IEO—European Institute of Oncology, 435-20141 Milan, Italy
Interests: osteosarcoma; translational research; bone sarcomas; immunotherapy; cancer metabolism; gastrointestinal cancers; rare tumors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primitive bone tumor in children and adolescents, with a second peak incidence in older adulthood.

Although treatment with surgery and multiagent intensive chemotherapy results in a 60-70% rate of long-term disease-free survival for localized patients, the chance of curing the disease dramatically drops for metastatic patients and patients with chemoresistant tumors.

The identification of novel therapeutic approaches is challenging due to the rarity of the disease and osteosarcoma’s biological features, such as tumor heterogeneity, complex karyotypes, and genomic instability.

This Special Issue will present a collection of original research articles and reviews highlighting osteosarcoma’s pathophysiologic mechanisms, including epigenetic and metabolic regulation, angiogenesis, microenvironment, and immune system interactions, and will help to address advances in new therapeutic strategies.

Dr. Elisabetta Setola
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • osteosarcoma
  • microenvironment
  • target therapy
  • metabolism
  • angiogenesis
  • chemotherapy
  • therapy resistance
  • preclinical models
  • cancerogenesis
  • immunotherapy

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 6468 KiB  
Article
Ablative and Immunostimulatory Effects of Histotripsy Ablation in a Murine Osteosarcoma Model
by Alayna N. Hay, Khan Mohammad Imran, Alissa Hendricks-Wenger, Jessica M. Gannon, Jacqueline Sereno, Alex Simon, Victor A. Lopez, Sheryl Coutermarsh-Ott, Eli Vlaisavljevich, Irving C. Allen and Joanne L. Tuohy
Biomedicines 2023, 11(10), 2737; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11102737 - 9 Oct 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1368
Abstract
Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequently occurring malignant bone tumor in humans, primarily affecting children and adolescents. Significant advancements in treatment options for OS have not occurred in the last several decades, and the prognosis remains grim with only a 70% [...] Read more.
Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequently occurring malignant bone tumor in humans, primarily affecting children and adolescents. Significant advancements in treatment options for OS have not occurred in the last several decades, and the prognosis remains grim with only a 70% rate of 5-year survival. The objective of this study was to investigate the focused ultrasound technique of histotripsy as a novel, noninvasive treatment option for OS. Methods: We utilized a heterotopic OS murine model to establish the feasibility of ablating OS tumors with histotripsy in a preclinical setting. We investigated the local immune response within the tumor microenvironment (TME) via immune cell phenotyping and gene expression analysis. Findings: We established the feasibility of ablating heterotopic OS tumors with ablation characterized microscopically by loss of cellular architecture in targeted regions of tumors. We observed greater populations of macrophages and dendritic cells within treated tumors and the upregulation of immune activating genes 72 h after histotripsy ablation. Interpretation: This study was the first to investigate histotripsy ablation for OS in a preclinical murine model, with results suggesting local immunomodulation within the TME. Our results support the continued investigation of histotripsy as a novel noninvasive treatment option for OS patients to improve clinical outcomes and patient prognosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Osteosarcoma: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches)
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