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Biomedicines
Special Issues
Discovery of Novel or Alternative Interventions for Cancer Immunotherapy
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Discovery of Novel or Alternative Interventions for Cancer Immunotherapy

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Biology and Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2022) | Viewed by 5815

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Alexander Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
The PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
Interests: cancer biology; cancer stem cells; cancer immunotherapy; new drug development
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Immunotherapy has emerged as one of the most powerful treatment modalities for managing clinically challenging diseases such as cancer. However, the majority of patients do not respond to immunotherapy, or responders who received immune checkpoint inhibitors still develop resistance eventually. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify new, alternative, or combinatory regimens.

With this Special Issue, we seek high-quality manuscripts (original research and review articles) on innovative ideas that contribute to the better understanding of the complexity of cancer immunology and novel approaches (compounds, antibodies, or methods) to modulate the tumor immune landscape and achieve therapeutic efficacy. Topics of interest include: 

  • New classes of small-molecule drugs (including nano-enabled technologies) or macromolecules with immunotherapeutic potential;
  • Identification of cancer-immune biomarkers;
  • AI-assisted drug and cancer-immune biomarker discovery.

Dr. Alexander Wu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cancer immunotherapy
  • novel small-molecule drugs
  • theranostic biomarkers
  • drug development (including nanoparticles)
  • tumor immune landscape

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3780 KiB  
Article
Identification of DDX60 as a Regulator of MHC-I Class Molecules in Colorectal Cancer
by Nina Geng, Tuo Hu and Chunbo He
Biomedicines 2022, 10(12), 3092; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10123092 - 1 Dec 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1918
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies induce durable responses in approximately 15% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who exhibit microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR). However, more than 80% of CRC patients do not respond to current immunotherapy. The main challenge with [...] Read more.
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies induce durable responses in approximately 15% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who exhibit microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR). However, more than 80% of CRC patients do not respond to current immunotherapy. The main challenge with these patients is lack of MHC-I signaling to unmask their cancer cells so the immune cells can detect them. Here, we started by comparing IFNγ signature genes and MHC-I correlated gene lists to determine the potential candidates for MHC-I regulators. Then, the protein expression level of listed potential candidates in normal and cancer tissue was compared to select final candidates with enough disparity between the two types of tissues. ISG15 and DDX60 were further tested by wet-lab experiments. Overexpression of DDX60 upregulated the expression of MHC-I, while knockdown of DDX60 reduced the MHC-I expression in CRC cells. Moreover, DDX60 was downregulated in CRC tissues, and lower levels of DDX60 were associated with a poor prognosis. Our data showed that DDX60 could regulate MHC-I expression in CRC; thus, targeting DDX60 may improve the effects of immunotherapy in some patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Discovery of Novel or Alternative Interventions for Cancer Immunotherapy)
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18 pages, 3969 KiB  
Article
A Novel Peptide-MHC Targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Forms a T Cell-like Immune Synapse
by Stacie Shiqi Wang, Kylie Luong, Fiona Margaret Gracey, Shereen Jabar, Brad McColl, Ryan Stanley Cross and Misty Rayna Jenkins
Biomedicines 2021, 9(12), 1875; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9121875 - 10 Dec 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3283
Abstract
Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is a promising form of adoptive cell therapy that re-engineers patient-derived T cells to express a hybrid receptor specific to a tumour-specific antigen of choice. Many well-characterised tumour antigens are intracellular and therefore not accessible to [...] Read more.
Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is a promising form of adoptive cell therapy that re-engineers patient-derived T cells to express a hybrid receptor specific to a tumour-specific antigen of choice. Many well-characterised tumour antigens are intracellular and therefore not accessible to antibodies at the cell surface. Therefore, the ability to target peptide-MHC tumour targets with antibodies is key for wider applicability of CAR T cell therapy in cancer. One way to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of ligating tumour target cells is studying the immune synapse. Here we generated a second-generation CAR to targeting the HLA-A*02:01 restricted H3.3K27M epitope, identified as a possible therapeutic target in ~75% of diffuse midline gliomas, used as a model antigen to study the immune synapse. The pMHCI-specific CAR demonstrated specificity, potent activation, cytokine secretion and cytotoxic function. Furthermore, we characterised killing kinetics using live cell imaging as well as CAR synapse confocal imaging. Here we provide evidence of robust CAR targeting of a model peptide-MHC antigen and that, in contrast to protein-specific CARs, these CARs form a TCR-like immune synapse which facilitates TCR-like killing kinetics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Discovery of Novel or Alternative Interventions for Cancer Immunotherapy)
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