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Biomolecules
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Yeast as a Model Organism to Study Human Disease
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Yeast as a Model Organism to Study Human Disease

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 July 2023) | Viewed by 3869

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Nia Bryant

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, UK
Interests: regulation of intracellular membrane traffic
Dr. Chris MacDonald

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, UK
Interests: mechanisms of surface protein trafficking

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The experimental tractability of yeast makes them ideal model organisms to study fundamental molecular cellular processes whose disruptions underpin human disease states. This is perhaps best exemplified by the award of Nobel Prizes in Physiology or Medicine to researchers in recognition of their work on yeast. This issue seeks to highlight work in the biomedical field that uses yeast as a model organism to study human diseases.

Prof. Dr. Nia Bryant
Dr. Chris MacDonald
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomolecules is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • yeast
  • genetics
  • evolutionary conservation

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 5092 KiB  
Article
Yeast Models of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Type 8 Mimic Phenotypes Seen in Mammalian Cells Expressing Mutant VAPBP56S
by AnnaMari L. Stump, Daniel J. Rioux, Richard Albright, Guiliano L. Melki and Derek C. Prosser
Biomolecules 2023, 13(7), 1147; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13071147 - 19 Jul 2023
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Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a complex neurodegenerative disease that results in the loss of motor neurons and can occur sporadically or due to genetic mutations. Among the 30 genes linked to familial ALS, a P56S mutation in VAPB, an ER-resident protein [...] Read more.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a complex neurodegenerative disease that results in the loss of motor neurons and can occur sporadically or due to genetic mutations. Among the 30 genes linked to familial ALS, a P56S mutation in VAPB, an ER-resident protein that functions at membrane contact sites, causes ALS type 8. Mammalian cells expressing VAPBP56S have distinctive phenotypes, including ER collapse, protein and/or membrane-containing inclusions, and sensitivity to ER stress. VAPB is conserved through evolution and has two homologs in budding yeast, SCS2 and SCS22. Previously, a humanized version of SCS2 bearing disease-linked mutations was described, and it caused Scs2-containing inclusions when overexpressed in yeast. Here, we describe a yeast model for ALS8 in which the two SCS genes are deleted and replaced with a single chromosomal copy of either wild-type or mutant yeast SCS2 or human VAPB expressed from the SCS2 promoter. These cells display ER collapse, the formation of inclusion-like structures, and sensitivity to tunicamycin, an ER stress-inducing drug. Based on the phenotypic similarity to mammalian cells expressing VAPBP56S, we propose that these models can be used to study the molecular basis of cell death or dysfunction in ALS8. Moreover, other conserved ALS-linked genes may create opportunities for the generation of yeast models of disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Yeast as a Model Organism to Study Human Disease)
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22 pages, 5916 KiB  
Article
Spindle Position Checkpoint Kinase Kin4 Regulates Organelle Transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
by Lakhan Ekal, Abdulaziz M. S. Alqahtani, Maya Schuldiner, Einat Zalckvar, Ewald H. Hettema and Kathryn R. Ayscough
Biomolecules 2023, 13(7), 1098; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13071098 - 10 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1645
Abstract
Membrane-bound organelles play important, frequently essential, roles in cellular metabolism in eukaryotes. Hence, cells have evolved molecular mechanisms to closely monitor organelle dynamics and maintenance. The actin cytoskeleton plays a vital role in organelle transport and positioning across all eukaryotes. Studies in the [...] Read more.
Membrane-bound organelles play important, frequently essential, roles in cellular metabolism in eukaryotes. Hence, cells have evolved molecular mechanisms to closely monitor organelle dynamics and maintenance. The actin cytoskeleton plays a vital role in organelle transport and positioning across all eukaryotes. Studies in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) revealed that a block in actomyosin-dependent transport affects organelle inheritance to daughter cells. Indeed, class V Myosins, Myo2, and Myo4, and many of their organelle receptors, have been identified as key factors in organelle inheritance. However, the spatiotemporal regulation of yeast organelle transport remains poorly understood. Using peroxisome inheritance as a proxy to study actomyosin-based organelle transport, we performed an automated genome-wide genetic screen in S. cerevisiae. We report that the spindle position checkpoint (SPOC) kinase Kin4 and, to a lesser extent, its paralog Frk1, regulates peroxisome transport, independent of their role in the SPOC. We show that Kin4 requires its kinase activity to function and that both Kin4 and Frk1 protect Inp2, the peroxisomal Myo2 receptor, from degradation in mother cells. In addition, vacuole inheritance is also affected in kin4/frk1-deficient cells, suggesting a common regulatory mechanism for actin-based transport for these two organelles in yeast. More broadly our findings have implications for understanding actomyosin-based transport in cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Yeast as a Model Organism to Study Human Disease)
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