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Biomolecules
Special Issues
The Pathogenic Role of Non Coding RNAs in Autoimmunity
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The Pathogenic Role of Non Coding RNAs in Autoimmunity

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomacromolecules: Nucleic Acids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2020) | Viewed by 13277

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Matteo Floris

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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
Interests: medical genetics; bioinformatics; computational genomics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Maria Laura Idda

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, CNR, Sassari, Italy
Interests: medical genetics; functional genomics; molecular biology; RNA regulation; gene expression regulation; non coding RNA
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The completion of the Human Genome Project and the development of high-throughput genomic technologies (such as RNAseq) have increased the interest in noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their role in the etiopathology of several diseases, including autoimmune disease. Like other complex multifactorial diseases, such diseases also have a complex etiology—multiple genetic risk variants in cooperation with (often unknown) environmental factors collectively contribute to determining the individual disease risk. Many studies have suggested a role for ncRNAs in the pathogenesis and etiology of autoimmune disease; however, in most cases, the precise mechanisms remain to be completely elucidated.

The aim of this Special Issue is to increase the comprehension of noncoding RNAs and their possible genetic contribution to dys/regulation in autoimmunity through the analysis of the following points:

  • Identification of new ncRNAs that affect key pathways implicated in autoimmunity;
  • Functional and molecular characterization of noncoding RNAs involved in autoimmune disease risk.

Special emphasis will be given to ncRNAs for which a genetic link to the disease is available.

Original articles as well as meta-analyses of current knowledge about this topic are encouraged.

Prof. Matteo Floris
Dr. Maria Laura Idda
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomolecules is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • autoimmunity
  • genetics
  • biomarkers
  • non coding RNA

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Review

24 pages, 2074 KiB  
Review
Aberrant Non-Coding RNA Expression in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Consequences for Immune Dysfunctions and Tissue Damage
by Chang-Youh Tsai, Chieh-Yu Shen, Chih-Wei Liu, Song-Chou Hsieh, Hsien-Tzung Liao, Ko-Jen Li, Cheng-Shiun Lu, Hui-Ting Lee, Cheng-Sung Lin, Cheng-Han Wu, Yu-Min Kuo and Chia-Li Yu
Biomolecules 2020, 10(12), 1641; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10121641 - 6 Dec 2020
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 3285
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex systemic autoimmune disease with heterogeneous clinical manifestations. A diverse innate and adaptive immune dysregulation is involved in the immunopathogenesis of SLE. The dysregulation of immune-related cells may derive from the intricate interactions among genetic, epigenetic, environmental, [...] Read more.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex systemic autoimmune disease with heterogeneous clinical manifestations. A diverse innate and adaptive immune dysregulation is involved in the immunopathogenesis of SLE. The dysregulation of immune-related cells may derive from the intricate interactions among genetic, epigenetic, environmental, and immunological factors. Of these contributing factors, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in the post-transcriptional mRNA expression of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, which are essential for immune modulation. In the present review, we emphasize the roles of ncRNA expression in the immune-related cells and cell-free plasma, urine, and tissues contributing to the immunopathogenesis and tissue damage in SLE. In addition, the circular RNAs (circRNA) and their post-translational regulation of protein synthesis in SLE are also briefly described. We wish these critical reviews would be useful in the search for biomarkers/biosignatures and novel therapeutic strategies for SLE patients in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Pathogenic Role of Non Coding RNAs in Autoimmunity)
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22 pages, 878 KiB  
Review
Long Noncoding RNAs and Circular RNAs in Autoimmune Diseases
by Valeria Lodde, Giampaolo Murgia, Elena Rita Simula, Maristella Steri, Matteo Floris and Maria Laura Idda
Biomolecules 2020, 10(7), 1044; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10071044 - 14 Jul 2020
Cited by 78 | Viewed by 5075
Abstract
Immune responses are essential for the clearance of pathogens and the repair of injured tissues; however, if these responses are not properly controlled, autoimmune diseases can occur. Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are a family of disorders characterized by the body’s immune response being directed [...] Read more.
Immune responses are essential for the clearance of pathogens and the repair of injured tissues; however, if these responses are not properly controlled, autoimmune diseases can occur. Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are a family of disorders characterized by the body’s immune response being directed against its own tissues, with consequent chronic inflammation and tissue damage. Despite enormous efforts to identify new drug targets and develop new therapies to prevent and ameliorate AD symptoms, no definitive solutions are available today. Additionally, while substantial progress has been made in drug development for some ADs, most treatments only ameliorate symptoms and, in general, ADs are still incurable. Hundreds of genetic loci have been identified and associated with ADs by genome-wide association studies. However, the whole list of molecular factors that contribute to AD pathogenesis is still unknown. Noncoding (nc)RNAs, such as microRNAs, circular (circ)RNAs, and long noncoding (lnc)RNAs, regulate gene expression at different levels in various diseases, including ADs, and serve as potential drug targets as well as biomarkers for disease progression and response to therapy. In this review, we will focus on the potential roles and genetic regulation of ncRNA in four autoimmune diseases—systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Pathogenic Role of Non Coding RNAs in Autoimmunity)
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22 pages, 975 KiB  
Review
Exploring the Role of Non-Coding RNAs in the Pathophysiology of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
by Mohammad Taheri, Reyhane Eghtedarian, Marcel E. Dinger and Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
Biomolecules 2020, 10(6), 937; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10060937 - 22 Jun 2020
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 4378
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic immune-related disorder designated by a lack of tolerance to self-antigens and the over-secretion of autoantibodies against several cellular compartments. Although the exact pathophysiology of SLE has not been clarified yet, this disorder has a strong genetic [...] Read more.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic immune-related disorder designated by a lack of tolerance to self-antigens and the over-secretion of autoantibodies against several cellular compartments. Although the exact pathophysiology of SLE has not been clarified yet, this disorder has a strong genetic component based on the results of familial aggregation and twin studies. Variation in the expression of non-coding RNAs has been shown to influence both susceptibility to SLE and the clinical course of this disorder. Several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) such as GAS5, MALAT1 and NEAT1 are dysregulated in SLE patients. Moreover, genetic variants within lncRNAs such as SLEAR and linc00513 have been associated with risk of this disorder. The dysregulation of a number of lncRNAs in the peripheral blood of SLE patients has potentiated them as biomarkers for diagnosis, disease activity and therapeutic response. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have also been shown to affect apoptosis and the function of immune cells. Taken together, there is a compelling rationale for the better understanding of the involvement of these two classes of non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of SLE. Clarification of the function of these transcripts has the potential to elucidate the molecular pathophysiology of SLE and provide new opportunities for the development of targeted therapies for this disorder. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Pathogenic Role of Non Coding RNAs in Autoimmunity)
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