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Brain Sciences
Special Issues
Novel Therapy for Movement Disorders
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Novel Therapy for Movement Disorders

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Sensory and Motor Neuroscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 January 2021) | Viewed by 9496

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Simon Israeli-Korn

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Movement Disorders Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52621, Israel.
Interests: movement disorders; advanced MRI; motor control; neuromodulation; telehealth; multidisciplinary patient-centred care; digital health

Special Issue Information

Recently, there have been many advances in the treatment of movement disorders, including (1) non-dopaminergic pharmacological targets for Parkinson’s disease, (2) improved characterization and evidence regarding non-pharmacological rehabilitation strategies in patients and animal models, (3) neuromodulatory approaches beyond deep brain stimulation technologies (such as non-invasive brain stimulation and focused ultrasound lesioning), and (4) improved methods of injecting botulinum toxin. With the discovery of basal ganglia–cerebellar anatomical connections, there is also growing interest in the role of the cerebellum and cerebellar networks in Parkinson’s disease and other movement disorders.

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide the reader with an update on recent advances in these fascinating fields.

We therefore invite colleagues to contribute to this Special Issue, sharing their expertise and contributing to the construction of a state-of-the-art landscape for novel approaches to treating movement disorders, including technological innovations as well as process innovations involving the application of novel drugs, devices, systems, or clinical workflows.

Keywords

  • Non-dopaminergic targets
  • Brain stimulation
  • Neuromodulation
  • Neurorehabilitation technologies
  • Non-basal ganglia targets

Published Papers (2 papers)

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17 pages, 2468 KiB  
Article
Propranolol Relieves L-Dopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinsonian Mice
by Ziqing Shi, Ian J. Bamford, Jonathan W. McKinley, Suma Priya Sudarsana Devi, Annie Vahedipour and Nigel S. Bamford
Brain Sci. 2020, 10(12), 903; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10120903 - 24 Nov 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3247
Abstract
Background: Parkinsonism is caused by dopamine (DA) insufficiency and results in a hypokinetic movement disorder. Treatment with L-Dopa can restore DA availability and improve motor function, but patients can develop L-Dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID), a secondary hyperkinetic movement disorder. The mechanism underlying LID remains [...] Read more.
Background: Parkinsonism is caused by dopamine (DA) insufficiency and results in a hypokinetic movement disorder. Treatment with L-Dopa can restore DA availability and improve motor function, but patients can develop L-Dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID), a secondary hyperkinetic movement disorder. The mechanism underlying LID remains unknown, and new treatments are needed. Experiments in mice have shown that DA deficiency promotes an imbalance between striatal acetylcholine (ACh) and DA that contributes to motor dysfunction. While treatment with L-Dopa improves DA availability, it promotes a paradoxical rise in striatal ACh and a further increase in the ACh to DA ratio may promote LID. Methods: We used conditional Slc6a3DTR/+ mice to model progressive DA deficiency and the β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) antagonist propranolol to limit the activity of striatal cholinergic interneurons (ChIs). DA-deficient mice were treated with L-Dopa and the dopa decarboxylase inhibitor benserazide. LID and motor performance were assessed by rotarod, balance beam, and open field testing. Electrophysiological experiments characterized the effects of β-AR ligands on striatal ChIs. Results: LID was observed in a subset of DA-deficient mice. Treatment with propranolol relieved LID and motor hyperactivity. Electrophysiological experiments showed that β-ARs can effectively modulate ChI firing. Conclusions: The work suggests that pharmacological modulation of ChIs by β-ARs might provide a therapeutic option for managing LID. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Therapy for Movement Disorders)
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14 pages, 347 KiB  
Review
The Role of Mental Imagery in Parkinson’s Disease Rehabilitation
by Amit Abraham, Ryan P. Duncan and Gammon M. Earhart
Brain Sci. 2021, 11(2), 185; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11020185 - 2 Feb 2021
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 5701
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a disabling neurodegenerative disease whose manifestations span motor, sensorimotor, and sensory domains. While current therapies for PD include pharmacological, invasive, and physical interventions, there is a constant need for developing additional approaches for optimizing rehabilitation gains. Mental imagery is [...] Read more.
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a disabling neurodegenerative disease whose manifestations span motor, sensorimotor, and sensory domains. While current therapies for PD include pharmacological, invasive, and physical interventions, there is a constant need for developing additional approaches for optimizing rehabilitation gains. Mental imagery is an emerging field in neurorehabilitation and has the potential to serve as an adjunct therapy to enhance patient function. Yet, the literature on this topic is sparse. The current paper reviews the motor, sensorimotor, and sensory domains impacted by PD using gait, balance, and pain as examples, respectively. Then, mental imagery and its potential for PD motor and non-motor rehabilitation is discussed, with an emphasis on its suitability for addressing gait, balance, and pain deficits in people with PD. Lastly, future research directions are suggested. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Therapy for Movement Disorders)
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