Structural Performance in Blast Load Scenarios

A special issue of Buildings (ISSN 2075-5309). This special issue belongs to the section "Building Structures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2025 | Viewed by 3525

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
Interests: reinforce concrete structures; bridges; blast load; numerical modeling; experimental testing; optical measurements; digital image correlation; seismic load

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
Interests: reinforce concrete structures; timber structures; composite structures; static analysis; blast load; numerical modeling; experimental testing

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
Interests: structural modeling and analysis; data-driven modeling; experimental analysis; earthquake engineering; blast engineering; masonry structures; reinforced concrete structures

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There is an ever-present need for reliable and pragmatic engineering tools for blast-load assessments and the mitigation design of military and civilian structures. This need dictates the knowledge of primary blast load parameters and their influence on structural components. Initial design efforts had to rely on trial-and-error techniques to determine the best design for particular blast scenarios, which was, in the majority of cases, expensive in terms of time, money, and human lives. Technological advancements enabled us to overcome these issues with the development of high-performance computing that made it possible to perform virtual blast load simulations on numerous versions of blast scenarios. Engineers can experimentally test structural components based on simulation results with reduced danger to their safety and, ultimately, the safety of end users.

This Special Issue is being organized to share the advanced knowledge, technologies, and methods for blast-resistant structures and design based on advanced tools, where authors are encouraged to submit papers addressing topics including but not limited to the following:

(1) Blast loading on structures and structural elements;

(2) Experimental methods for blast load parameter measurements;

(3) Experimental investigation on the blast load influence on structures and structural elements;

(4) Numerical investigation of blast load parameters and influences on structures and structural elements;

(5) Blast load-induced ground vibrations and their influence on structures;

(6) Seismic performance of structures as a potential blast load mitigation design;

(7) Innovative materials and design procedures for blast load mitigation;

(8) Structural strengthening for blast load mitigation.

Dr. Hrvoje Draganić
Dr. Mario Jeleč
Dr. Goran Gazić
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • blast loading
  • blast wave parameters
  • blast pressure measurements
  • blast-induced vibrations
  • blast-induced ground vibrations
  • blast-induced damage
  • experimental testing
  • numerical modeling
  • assessment techniques
  • RC structures
  • masonry structures
  • composite structures
  • blast mitigation
  • structural strengthening
  • innovative blast load mitigation systems and materials

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

27 pages, 10892 KiB  
Article
Experimental Investigation of the Explosion Effects on Reinforced Concrete Slabs with Fibers
by Marija Kušter Marić, Anđela Ivanović, Mladen Fusić, Mladen Srbić and Anđelko Vlašić
Buildings 2024, 14(4), 1080; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14041080 - 12 Apr 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1487
Abstract
In today’s world, concrete structures are exposed to various influences, including explosive actions. With the increasing use of fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC), it is essential to investigate its response to blast effects. As there are few studies on this topic worldwide, this research is [...] Read more.
In today’s world, concrete structures are exposed to various influences, including explosive actions. With the increasing use of fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC), it is essential to investigate its response to blast effects. As there are few studies on this topic worldwide, this research is dedicated to the question of how blast effects affect the damage and properties of six different types of reinforced concrete (RC) slabs. These samples differ in concrete classes (C30/37 and C50/60) and in the type of fibers added (steel and polypropylene). Visual inspections and non-destructive measurements are carried out before and after blasting. The damaged area of the concrete surface is determined by visual inspection, while non-destructive measurements evaluate parameters such as the rebound value of the Schmidt hammer, the electrical resistivity of the concrete, the velocity of the ultrasonic wave, and the dynamic modulus of elasticity. Equal amounts of explosives are applied to five of the RC slabs to enable a comparative analysis of the resulting damage. Based on the comparison of the measured data from these five RC slabs, conclusions are drawn regarding the effects of the explosive impacts on conventionally reinforced concrete slabs compared to those with added fibers. In addition, one of the RC slabs with steel fibers is exposed to approximately three times the amount of explosives to assess the extent of increased damage and to evaluate the suitability of military standards in the calculation of explosive charges for blasting RC elements with fibers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Performance in Blast Load Scenarios)
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25 pages, 10848 KiB  
Article
Numerical Simulation of Pressure Wave Propagation and Its Effect on Damage to the Reactor Cavity under TNT Detonation for Steam Explosion
by Seong-Kug Ha and Yeo-Hoon Yoon
Buildings 2023, 13(9), 2152; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13092152 - 24 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1111
Abstract
In a severe accident, molten corium may penetrate the reactor pressure vessel and enter the cooling water in the reactor cavity, and then a steam explosion may occur. Steam explosions can initiate pressure waves and threaten the structural integrity of the reactor cavity. [...] Read more.
In a severe accident, molten corium may penetrate the reactor pressure vessel and enter the cooling water in the reactor cavity, and then a steam explosion may occur. Steam explosions can initiate pressure waves and threaten the structural integrity of the reactor cavity. To investigate the propagation characteristics of the pressure waves, including the propagation pattern, attenuation, and amplification under TNT detonation, a coupled numerical approach combined with arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian and fluid–structure interaction methods are utilized. The peak pressures of the incident and reflected shock waves decrease rapidly with increasing distance from the charge center, whereas the reflected pressure in the reactor cavity can be between 1.30 and 1.67 times the incident pressure. Then, structural analysis is performed to evaluate the damages to the concrete, liner plate, and reinforcements. From the numerical results, localized and superficial concrete damages are observed in the reactor cavity and the basemat; however, the risk of damage to the concrete, resulting in the collapse of these components is very low. The risk of damage to the liner plate and reinforcements is also very low since the maximum strain values are much lower than the failure criteria. Finally, the structural integrity of the reactor cavity will be maintained during the TNT detonation for the steam explosion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Performance in Blast Load Scenarios)
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