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Buildings
Special Issues
Smart Structural and Material Solutions for Buildings Using Composite Materials
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Smart Structural and Material Solutions for Buildings Using Composite Materials

A special issue of Buildings (ISSN 2075-5309). This special issue belongs to the section "Building Materials, and Repair & Renovation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 January 2024) | Viewed by 8038

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Mohamed K. Ismail

E-Mail Website1 Website2 Website3
Guest Editor
1. Department of Civil Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada
2. Department of Structural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
Interests: concrete structures; sustainable materials; high-performance composites; artificial intelligence; steel structures
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Ahmed Elshaer

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
Interests: structural dynamics; optimization; numerical modelling; assessment of natural hazard risks
Dr. Basem H. Abdelaleem

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Structural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
2. Department of Civil Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada
Interests: steel structures; concrete structures; high-performance concrete; numerical analysis
Dr. Ahmed Youssri Elruby

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Ocean and Naval Architectural Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada
Interests: design; analysis; failure prediction; multiscale modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue entitled “Smart structural and material solutions for buildings using composite materials”.

In recent decades, rapid development in the field of construction materials (e.g., concrete, steel, FRP, wood, etc.) has contributed to generating high-performance, cost-effective composite materials that possess superior durability and mechanical performance required for multiple applications, e.g., bridges and offshore, residential, commercial, and industrial structures. However, the lack of sufficient information regarding the material and structural performance of such composites complicates the characterization of their capabilities, which in turn limits their use. This requires further investigations to interpret the complexity and ill-defined behaviors of composite materials, thus expanding their possible applications in the construction industry.

This Special Issue aims at collecting original research papers and reviews on the latest advances in composite materials, including but not limited to:

  • Steel-concrete composites;
  • FRP composites;
  • Wood-concrete composites;
  • Prestressed composites;
  • Polymeric composites;
  • Deconstructable composites;
  • Lightweight composites;
  • Fibrous composites;
  • Innovative structural approaches;
  • Structural optimization;
  • New design methodologies and data-driven predictions models;
  • Nondestructive evaluation techniques;
  • Testing and numerical modeling (quasi-static, dynamic, and multiscale);
  • Application of artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques to capture complex behaviors of composite materials.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Mohamed K. Ismail
Dr. Ahmed Elshaer
Dr. Basem H. Abdelaleem
Dr. Ahmed Youssri Elruby
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Buildings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

 

Keywords

  • composite structures
  • data-driven and AI predictions
  • innovative composites
  • new design methodologies
  • testing and numerical modeling
  • strengthening and retrofitting
  • sustainable design

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

30 pages, 8583 KiB  
Article
Formulation of Separation Distance to Mitigate Wind-Induced Pounding of Tall Buildings
by Tristen Brown, Magdy Alanani, Ahmed Elshaer and Anas Issa
Buildings 2024, 14(2), 479; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14020479 - 8 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1215
Abstract
Structures in proximity subjected to a substantial lateral load (e.g., wind and earthquakes) can lead to a significant hazard known as structural pounding. If not properly mitigated, such impacts can lead to local and global damage (i.e., structural failure). Mitigation approaches can include [...] Read more.
Structures in proximity subjected to a substantial lateral load (e.g., wind and earthquakes) can lead to a significant hazard known as structural pounding. If not properly mitigated, such impacts can lead to local and global damage (i.e., structural failure). Mitigation approaches can include providing a suitable separation gap distance between structures, installing adequate shock absorbers, or designing the structure for the additional pounding impact loads. Wind-induced pounding of structures can be of higher risk to buildings due to large deflections developed during wind events. The current study develops various mathematical formulas to determine the suitable separation distance between structures in proximity to avoid pounding. The developed procedure relies first on wind-load evaluations using Large Eddy Simulation (LES) models. Then, the extracted wind loads from the LES are applied to finite element method models to determine the building deflections. Various building heights, wind velocities, and flexibility levels are examined to prepare a training database for developing the mathematical formulas. A genetic algorithm is utilised to correlate the required separation gap distance to the varying parameters of the tall buildings. It was found that more complex formulas can achieve better mapping to the training database. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Structural and Material Solutions for Buildings Using Composite Materials)
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38 pages, 11371 KiB  
Article
Optimizing Truss Structures Using Composite Materials under Natural Frequency Constraints with a New Hybrid Algorithm Based on Cuckoo Search and Stochastic Paint Optimizer (CSSPO)
by Nima Khodadadi, Ehsan Harati, Francisco De Caso and Antonio Nanni
Buildings 2023, 13(6), 1551; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13061551 - 18 Jun 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1597
Abstract
This article highlights the absence of published paradigms hybridized by The Cuckoo Search (CS) and Stochastic Paint Optimizer (SPO) for optimizing truss structures using composite materials under natural frequency constraints. The article proposes a novel optimization algorithm called CSSPO for optimizing truss structures [...] Read more.
This article highlights the absence of published paradigms hybridized by The Cuckoo Search (CS) and Stochastic Paint Optimizer (SPO) for optimizing truss structures using composite materials under natural frequency constraints. The article proposes a novel optimization algorithm called CSSPO for optimizing truss structures made of composite materials, known as fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites, to address this gap. Optimization problems of truss structures under frequency constraints are recognized as challenging due to their non-linear and non-convex search spaces that contain numerous local optima. The proposed methodology produces high-quality optimal solutions with less computational effort than the original methods. The aim of this work is to compare the performance of carbon FRP (CFRP), glass FRP (GFRP), and steel using a novel hybrid algorithm to provide valuable insights and inform decision-making processes in material selection and design. Four benchmark structure trusses with natural frequency constraints were utilized to demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the CSSPO. The numerical analysis findings indicate that the CSSPO outperforms the classical SPO and exhibits comparable or superior performance when compared to the SPO. The study highlights that implementing CFRP and GFRP composites in truss construction leads to a notable reduction in weight compared to using steel. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Structural and Material Solutions for Buildings Using Composite Materials)
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17 pages, 4735 KiB  
Article
Investigating the Viability of Recycling Rice Husk Ash and Plastic Bag Waste to Enhance Durability of Lightweight Concrete
by Mohamed M. El-Attar, Hatem H. A. Ibrahim and Shereen F. A. Darwish
Buildings 2023, 13(5), 1350; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13051350 - 22 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2413
Abstract
The disposal of waste plastic bags (WPB) represents an environmental challenge. Recycling (WPB) in the concrete industry would represent a huge environmental advantage if proven effective and economic. This study aims to investigate the viability of recycling rice husk ash and plastic bag [...] Read more.
The disposal of waste plastic bags (WPB) represents an environmental challenge. Recycling (WPB) in the concrete industry would represent a huge environmental advantage if proven effective and economic. This study aims to investigate the viability of recycling rice husk ash and plastic bag waste to enhance the durability of lightweight concrete (LWC). Rice husk ash (RHA) is used as a cement replacement to reduce the health and environmental hazards originating from the cement industry. The mutual influence of using WPB and RHA on the mechanical properties and durability of LWC is investigated in this study. The effect of various WPB contents (10, 20 and 30%) as natural sand substitution with RHA of (5, 10 and 15%) as partial cement replacement on the flow-ability, self- weight, compressive and tensile strengths, water permeability, chloride resistance, and fire resistance was examined and reported. The results of this study consolidated the idea of recycling WPB in the construction field. In summary, the optimal content of WPB is 10% by volume of fine aggregate and 10% of RHA by weight of cement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Structural and Material Solutions for Buildings Using Composite Materials)
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18 pages, 5989 KiB  
Article
Influence of Mixing-Water Magnetization Method on the Performance of Silica Fume Concrete
by Ali S. Ahmed, Mohamed M. Yousry Elshikh, Walid E. Elemam and Osama Youssf
Buildings 2023, 13(1), 44; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010044 - 25 Dec 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2195
Abstract
The aim of this study is to experimentally investigate the mechanical characteristics of concrete combining silica fume (SF) and magnetized water (MW). A total of nine concrete mixes were prepared and tested for workability, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength. Ordinary [...] Read more.
The aim of this study is to experimentally investigate the mechanical characteristics of concrete combining silica fume (SF) and magnetized water (MW). A total of nine concrete mixes were prepared and tested for workability, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength. Ordinary tap water (TW) and MW that was prepared with five proposed different methods were utilized in the concrete mixes. The MW was prepared by passing TW through a permanent magnetic field (having intensities of 1.4 Tesla and/or 1.6 Tesla) for a different number of cycles, namely 100, 150, and 250 cycles. Water characteristics were analyzed after being magnetized using the proposed different methods and compared with the TW characteristics. Non-destructive concrete testing (ultrasonic pulse velocity, and Schmidt hammer) was also conducted to determine the effect of MW on the prediction of concrete compressive strength. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis were carried out on the produced mixes. Regardless of the method utilized to prepare the MW, the results revealed a considerable improvement in concrete compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength by up to 80%, 98%, and 22%, respectively, when MW was prepared with 150 cycles. The best water magnetization method found in this study was the passing of water through magnetic fields of 1.6T then 1.4T intensities for 150 cycles. The ultrasonic pulse velocity test resulted in good prediction of the concrete compressive strength with overall error ranged between −12.6% and +5.8%. MW significantly improved the concrete microstructure and produced a denser structure in comparison to the control conventional concrete. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Structural and Material Solutions for Buildings Using Composite Materials)
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