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Monitoring, Prevention and Control of Dynamic Disasters in Underground Space...
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Monitoring, Prevention and Control of Dynamic Disasters in Underground Space Engineering

A special issue of Buildings (ISSN 2075-5309). This special issue belongs to the section "Building Structures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 4107

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xiao Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Energy and Mining Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
Interests: underground tunnels; rock dynamics; coal mines; earthquake; blast vibration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Vahab Sarfarazi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Mining Engineering, Hamedan University of Technology, Hamedan 65155579, Iran
Interests: underground excavations; laboratory testing of materials; modeling of crack growth in rock engineering structures
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Lixiang Xie

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
Interests: underground tunnels; rock dynamics; dynamic disaster; blasting vibration and damage evolution
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Linlin Gu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering, Nanjing University of Science of Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Interests: rock and soil dynamics; earthquake; underground engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The demand for the social economy, underground mining, tunnels, pipe galleries, and civil air defense and other underground space projects has developed rapidly. However, the continuous development process of underground space engineering is often troubled by dynamic disasters, such as rock burst, collapse, water inrush, lining cracks, and so on. How to prevent and control dynamic disasters in underground space engineering is a key scientific issue to ensure the safe construction and operation of underground space engineering.

This Special Issue, titled "Monitoring, Prevention and Control of Dynamic Disasters in Underground Space Engineering", invites the submission of manuscripts covering a wide range of topics, from basic research to more applied explorations and comprehensive case studies. Topics of interest for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to:

  • Monitoring technology for underground space engineering;
  • Prevention and control theories and methods for underground space engineering;
  • The impact of underground space engineering construction on the surrounding environment;
  • Case analysis of underground space disasters;
  • Safety assessment of underground space engineering;
  • Refined modeling of underground space engineering;
  • High-performance concrete materials;
  • Mechanical properties of materials.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in Applied Sciences.

Dr. Xiao Wang
Dr. Vahab Sarfarazi
Dr. Lixiang Xie
Dr. Linlin Gu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Buildings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • underground space engineering
  • dynamic disasters
  • monitoring technology
  • prevention and control methods
  • refined modeling
  • mechanical properties analysis
  • safety evaluation

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3798 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Demolition Concrete Waste on the Physical, Mechanical, and Durability Characteristics of Concrete
by Jian Tang, Jingying Cao, Hua Luo, Weihua Chen, Zhiyou Jia, Sandra Cunha and José Aguiar
Buildings 2024, 14(4), 1148; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14041148 - 18 Apr 2024
Viewed by 491
Abstract
With the development of urbanization, more and more construction and demolition waste (CDW) is generated. To enhance the mechanical properties and durability of concrete through the incorporation of recycled aggregate, the water/cement ratio was controlled to optimize the properties of concrete. In this [...] Read more.
With the development of urbanization, more and more construction and demolition waste (CDW) is generated. To enhance the mechanical properties and durability of concrete through the incorporation of recycled aggregate, the water/cement ratio was controlled to optimize the properties of concrete. In this work, one reference concrete with a water/cement ratio of 0.5 was prepared. The demolition concrete waste from East China was used, and 50% and 100% of the natural aggregates of the reference concrete were substituted. Furthermore, the water/cement ratio of concrete with 50% and 100% CDW was reduced to 0.3, and the superplasticizer was used to justify the workability of fresh concrete. Finally, the workability of fresh concrete was determined. After curing for 28 days, the density, water absorption, and resistance to chloride penetration of concrete were realized. The compressive and flexural strength were examined at 14 and 28 days, and the electrical resistivity test was conducted at 7, 14, and 28 days. The results indicate that with increasing CDW content, the mechanical properties and durability of concrete decreased. However, when the water/cement ratio decreased to 0.3, the concrete properties were optimized, such as the compressive strength and resistance to chloride penetration of concrete with 50% CDW increased by 74.2% and 28%, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring, Prevention and Control of Dynamic Disasters in Underground Space Engineering)
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19 pages, 23745 KiB  
Article
Research and Development of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Filling Material and Its Application in Gob-Side Entry Retaining Technology in Deep Mines
by Xiulong Zhang, Xinshuai Shi, Xuehui Li, Jianguo Ning, Yuchi Liu and Shang Yang
Buildings 2024, 14(3), 722; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14030722 - 07 Mar 2024
Viewed by 560
Abstract
Against the background of the prevailing green development paradigm, numerous coal mines have embraced the adoption of gob-side entry retaining mining technology. The most commonly employed form of gob-side entry retaining involves building an artificial wall along the edge of the goaf behind [...] Read more.
Against the background of the prevailing green development paradigm, numerous coal mines have embraced the adoption of gob-side entry retaining mining technology. The most commonly employed form of gob-side entry retaining involves building an artificial wall along the edge of the goaf behind the working face to maintain the roadway. The pivotal challenge in gob-side entry retaining lies in the roadside support. Currently, commonplace concrete serves as the predominant material for the roadside filling body. Nevertheless, traditional concrete exhibits drawbacks, including inadequate tensile strength and poor toughness, leading to wall cracks or even collapses in the retaining wall. Steel fiber, a frequently employed reinforcement and toughening agent in concrete, has found widespread application in the construction sector and other fields. However, its use as a roadside filling material in underground coal mines remains infrequent. Therefore, in this paper, the flow and mechanical properties of steel fiber concrete were tested and analyzed, and field industrial tests were conducted. Results of indoor experiments show that steel fibers reduce the slump of concrete. The addition of steel fibers shifted the pore compacting stage, linear elasticity stage, and destabilization stage forward and improved the post-peak bearing capacity. The addition of steel fibers makes the concrete compressive and tensile strength show a “first increase and then decrease” trend; both peaked at 1.5%, and the increase in tensile strength is more pronounced. Steel fibers enhance the strength of compressive strength of concrete at an early age, weaker at a late age, and tensile strength inversely. The addition of steel fiber can change the concrete matrix from tensile damage to shear damage, and the toughness index shows the trend of “first increase and then decrease”, and reaches the peak value when the dosage is 1.5%. Industrial test results show that steel fiber concrete as a roadside filling body can reduce the surrounding rock surface displacement and bolt (cable) force. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring, Prevention and Control of Dynamic Disasters in Underground Space Engineering)
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26 pages, 4467 KiB  
Article
Damage Behavior Study of Specimens with Double-Prefabricated Cracks under Dynamic–Static Coupling Loads
by Yujing Guo, Ziming Xiong, Zhihao Li, Fuhuai Yan, Xiangzhen Cheng and Junnan Zhang
Buildings 2023, 13(11), 2793; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13112793 - 07 Nov 2023
Viewed by 582
Abstract
The surrounding rock of the deep-buried chamber contains high-ground stress and initial cracks. Under a dynamic load, cracks will develop and expand, leading to the fracture and collapse of the confining pressure. Therefore, it is essential to study the failure process of fissured [...] Read more.
The surrounding rock of the deep-buried chamber contains high-ground stress and initial cracks. Under a dynamic load, cracks will develop and expand, leading to the fracture and collapse of the confining pressure. Therefore, it is essential to study the failure process of fissured surrounding rock under the joint action of static stress and a dynamic load. In this paper, samples with cracks are used to simulate the defective rock mass. Similar modeling tests and numerical simulation studies were carried out to reveal the damage process of cracked deep rock mass under dynamic disturbance and investigate the impact threshold of rock mass damage under a certain level of hydrostatic pressure. The model test investigated the damage behavior for specimens with double-prefabrication cracks under pressure from a dynamic–static coupling load. The influence of the mechanisms of the angle of a crack, the initial static pressure, and impact capacity on specimen damage was analyzed. It was perceived that, with an increase in the angle of the crack, the omen of specimen damage is less obvious, and the specimen is subjected to sudden damage. On this basis, the damage process of the specimen containing prefabricated cracks under combined dynamic and static loads is realized through numerical simulation, and tests verify the accuracy of the results. The analysis allowed us to come up with a variation rule for the single-disturbance energy threshold for specimens with a prefabricated crack angle and the initial static load level of the specimen containing double-prefabrication cracks. The study lays the foundation for the future analysis of any deep rock mass failure process under dynamic disturbance and the protection of a deeply buried chamber. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring, Prevention and Control of Dynamic Disasters in Underground Space Engineering)
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15 pages, 4794 KiB  
Article
Study of Mechanical Response of Tunnels Crossing Active Faults in Different Burial Depths
by Jiawei Zhang, Wanhua Zhao and Zhen Cui
Buildings 2023, 13(11), 2723; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13112723 - 29 Oct 2023
Viewed by 978
Abstract
There are numerous tunnels worldwide that cross active fault zones. These tunnels are situated in complex geological environments and are subjected to intense seismic activities. When active fault zones experience displacement, tunnels are susceptible to varying degrees of damage. Over the past few [...] Read more.
There are numerous tunnels worldwide that cross active fault zones. These tunnels are situated in complex geological environments and are subjected to intense seismic activities. When active fault zones experience displacement, tunnels are susceptible to varying degrees of damage. Over the past few decades, many scholars have researched tunnels crossing active fault zones using numerical simulation methods, including finite element analysis, discrete element analysis, and finite difference methods. However, certain aspects have been overlooked, such as the influence of burial depth on tunnels crossing active fault zones. Most prior studies have primarily omitted consideration of tunnel depth and high-stress effects, resulting in disparities between research findings and practical engineering outcomes. In light of these issues, this paper analyzes the impact of ground stress fields at different burial depths on tunnels crossing active fault zones. It compares the mechanical response characteristics of deep-buried and shallow-buried tunnels after experiencing fault displacement, elucidating variations in displacement patterns, stress, and strain at different burial depths. The results indicate that: (1) Deep-buried and shallow-buried tunnels exhibit an “S”-shaped deformation pattern. (2) Regarding the strain distribution within the tunnel, the affected regions are predominantly concentrated within the fault zone. (3) Regarding the stress distribution within the tunnel, deep-buried tunnels experience a broader range of stress variations distributed across the fault zone. In contrast, shallow-buried tunnels predominantly exhibit stress concentration at the fault slip plane. (4) By analyzing the patterns of tunnel damage at different burial depths, it is observed that burial-depth effects notably influence tunnels with a burial depth less than 200 m. In comparison, tunnels exceeding 300 m gradually reduce the impact of burial depth. These findings can be essential theoretical references for studying tunnels crossing active fault zones in deep-buried environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring, Prevention and Control of Dynamic Disasters in Underground Space Engineering)
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17 pages, 4437 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Response Analysis of Wedge-Shaped Rock Slopes under Harmonic Wave Action
by Yihan Du, Wenzhi Xu, Wei Han, Bo Huang, Hui Liu and Xuze Du
Buildings 2023, 13(10), 2623; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13102623 - 18 Oct 2023
Viewed by 803
Abstract
In dynamic disasters involving rock slopes, wedge failures formed by complex structural discontinuities are more predominant, and the dynamic response associated with them remains a classic concern in rock slope engineering. To address this concern, this paper utilized refined modeling to analyze a [...] Read more.
In dynamic disasters involving rock slopes, wedge failures formed by complex structural discontinuities are more predominant, and the dynamic response associated with them remains a classic concern in rock slope engineering. To address this concern, this paper utilized refined modeling to analyze a wedge-shaped rock slope by inputting horizontal harmonics as loads. We conducted dynamic response analyses by varying the inclination of the structural surface on the wedge-shaped rock slope, the axial offset angle, the friction coefficient, and the configuration of the single sliding surface. The results in this paper indicate that for wedge-shaped and single-sliding-surface configurations of rock slopes, with an increase in the structural surface inclination angle, the dynamic response of the sliding body, stress distribution, excellent frequency, and spectrum values all increase. Furthermore, wedge-shaped rock slopes’ dynamic responses are more significant than those of single-sliding-surface rock slopes. For wedge-shaped rock slopes, increases in the axial offset angle and structural surface friction coefficient reduce the dynamic response, excellent frequency, and spectrum values. Meanwhile, within the context of the axial offset angle conditions in wedge-shaped rock slopes, the dynamic response, excellent frequency, and spectrum values are better than the variations in the structural surface friction coefficient. Under the influence of these factors, stress concentration occurs at the sliding fronts of rock slopes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring, Prevention and Control of Dynamic Disasters in Underground Space Engineering)
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