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Cancers
Special Issues
Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of Prostate Cancer
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Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of Prostate Cancer

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Therapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2025 | Viewed by 4141

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Thomas Jang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
Interests: upper tract urothelial cancer; kidney cancer; prostate cancer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce the upcoming Special Issue of Cancers, focusing on the "Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of Prostate Cancer". Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men, and advancements in diagnosis and treatment have greatly impacted patient outcomes. This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in the field, covering various aspects of prostate cancer diagnosis and management. We invite the submission of original research articles and reviews that cover various aspects of prostate cancer, including but not limited to the following:

  1. Contemporary diagnosis and staging of prostate cancer (focusing on biomarker, imaging, and biopsy techniques);
  2. Active surveillance of prostate cancer (focusing on patient selection and outcomes);
  3. Radical prostatectomy for clinically localized and locally advanced prostate cancer (focusing on open vs. robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, patient selection, surgical techniques, and patient outcomes);
  4. Radiation therapy for clinically localized and locally advanced prostate cancer (focusing on IMRT, proton beam therapy, brachytherapy, patient selection, and patient outcomes);
  5. Adjuvant and salvage therapies for high-risk and/or recurrent prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy.

All submitted articles will undergo a rigorous peer-review process to ensure the highest scientific quality and relevance to the field. We encourage contributions from researchers, clinicians, and experts in the field of urology and prostate cancer.

By consolidating the latest research findings and clinical experiences, we aim to enhance our understanding of radical prostatectomy and improve patient outcomes. We believe that your valuable contributions will significantly contribute to the success of this Special Issue.

Should you have any questions, require further information, or need any assistance, please do not hesitate to reach out to us. We are here to support and facilitate your participation in this Special Issue.

We look forward to receiving your submissions. 

Dr. Thomas Jang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • prostate cancer
  • diagnosis
  • management
  • radical prostatectomy
  • biomarkers

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 973 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Performance and Accuracy of a PSA and PSA Ratio-Based Nomogram to Predict the Probability of Prostate Cancer in a Cohort of Patients with PIRADS 3 Findings at Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging
by Franco Palmisano, Vito Lorusso, Rebecca Legnani, Vincenzo Martorello, Carlotta Nedbal, Pietro Tramanzoli, Federica Marchesotti, Simona Ferraro, Michele Talso, Antonio Maria Granata, Maria Chiara Sighinolfi, Bernardo Rocco and Andrea Gregori
Cancers 2024, 16(17), 3084; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16173084 - 5 Sep 2024
Viewed by 612
Abstract
Background: PIRADS score 3 represents a challenge in prostate cancer (PCa) detection with MRI. Our study aimed to evaluate the application of a nomogram on a cohort of patients with PIRADS 3. Methods: We analyzed 286 patients undergoing fusion prostate biopsy from January [...] Read more.
Background: PIRADS score 3 represents a challenge in prostate cancer (PCa) detection with MRI. Our study aimed to evaluate the application of a nomogram on a cohort of patients with PIRADS 3. Methods: We analyzed 286 patients undergoing fusion prostate biopsy from January 2020 to February 2024. Only PIRADS 3 patients were included. Two nomograms, previously developed and based on clinical variables such as age, total PSA (specifically 2–10 ng/mL) and PSA ratio were applied to estimate the probability (Nomograms A and B) for PCa Grade Group (GG) > 3 and GG < 3. Results: Out of the 70 patients available for analysis, 14/70 patients (20%) had PCa, 4/14 were GG 1 (28.6%), 1/14 were GG 2 (7.1%), 5/14 were GG 3 (35.8%), 2/14 were GG 4 (14.3%) and 2/14 were GG 5 (14.3%). The median probability of PCa GG > 3 and GG < 3 was 5% and 33%, respectively. A significant difference (p = 0.033) was found between patients with negative versus positive biopsy for Nomogram B. There was a significant difference (p = 0.029) for Nomogram B comparing patients with GG < 3 and GG > 3. Using a cut-off of 40% for Nomogram B, sensitivity and specificity were 70% and 80%, respectively. Conclusions: This cohort has a low probability of harboring PCa especially ISUP > 3. Nomogram B has good accuracy for discriminating patients with PCa from those with negative biopsy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of Prostate Cancer)
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9 pages, 397 KiB  
Article
Adverse In-Hospital Outcomes after Radical Prostatectomy in Leukemia History Patients
by Fabian Falkenbach, Francesco Di Bello, Natali Rodriguez Peñaranda, Mattia Longoni, Andrea Marmiroli, Quynh Chi Le, Zhe Tian, Jordan A. Goyal, Nicola Longo, Salvatore Micali, Alberto Briganti, Ottavio de Cobelli, Felix K. H. Chun, Fred Saad, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Lars Budäus, Markus Graefen and Pierre I. Karakiewicz
Cancers 2024, 16(15), 2764; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16152764 - 5 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 799
Abstract
Introduction: Leukemia history affects some radical prostatectomy (RP) patients. Although its prevalence and effect as an adverse risk factor are well known in cardiac surgery, the number of RP patients with a leukemia history, as well as their rate of adverse in-hospital outcomes, [...] Read more.
Introduction: Leukemia history affects some radical prostatectomy (RP) patients. Although its prevalence and effect as an adverse risk factor are well known in cardiac surgery, the number of RP patients with a leukemia history, as well as their rate of adverse in-hospital outcomes, are unknown. Methods: We identified RP patients (National Inpatient Sample 2000–2019), stratified according to the presence or absence of a leukemia history. Descriptive analyses, propensity score matching (PSM, ratio 1:10), and multivariable logistic regression models were used. Results: Of 259,939 RP patients, 416 (0.2%) had a leukemia history. Their proportion increased from 0.1 to 0.2% covering the study span (p < 0.01). Leukemia history patients were older (median age, 64 vs. 62 years, p < 0.001). After PSM for age, insurance status, ethnicity, pelvic lymph node dissection, and Charlson Comorbidity Index, leukemia history RP patients exhibited higher rates of acute kidney injury (<2.6 vs. 0.9%; Odds Ratio [OR] 2.0, p = 0.02), more frequently underwent dialysis (3.6 vs. 1.9%; OR 1.9, p = 0.03), and more frequently had a length of stay exceeding one week (4.8 vs. 2.5%; OR 2.0, p = 0.006). Conclusions: Although leukemia history RP patients are rare, their numbers have increased. Renal complications and extended hospital stays are more frequent in those individuals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of Prostate Cancer)
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11 pages, 914 KiB  
Article
Development of a Multidisciplinary Care Pathway for Fracture Prevention in Men with Prostate Cancer at Initiation of Androgen Deprivation Therapy
by Marsha M. van Oostwaard, Joop P. van den Bergh, Agnes J. van de Wouw, Marc de Jong, Maryska L. Janssen-Heijnen and Caroline E. Wyers
Cancers 2024, 16(15), 2665; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16152665 - 26 Jul 2024
Viewed by 688
Abstract
Fracture risk is increased in men with prostate cancer (PCa) receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT). However, routine assessment of fracture risk is often not systematically applied. We aimed to establish a comprehensive care pathway for fracture prevention in men with PCa starting ADT. [...] Read more.
Fracture risk is increased in men with prostate cancer (PCa) receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT). However, routine assessment of fracture risk is often not systematically applied. We aimed to establish a comprehensive care pathway for fracture prevention in men with PCa starting ADT. Therefore, a multidisciplinary working group designed and implemented a care pathway using the ‘Knowledge to Action’ framework, based on current Dutch guidelines for PCa, osteoporosis and fracture prevention, and an extensive literature review of other guidelines. The pathway was developed according to a five-step clinical approach including case finding, fracture risk assessment based on risk factors, bone mineral density test, vertebral fracture assessment, differential diagnosis, treatment, and annual follow-up. Our fracture prevention care pathway for patients with PCa at the time of ADT initiation was designed to promote a patient-centered, multidisciplinary approach to facilitate the implementation of early fracture prevention measures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of Prostate Cancer)
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Review

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18 pages, 1400 KiB  
Review
Advanced Imaging for Localized Prostate Cancer
by Patrick Albers and Adam Kinnaird
Cancers 2024, 16(20), 3490; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16203490 (registering DOI) - 15 Oct 2024
Viewed by 290
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Prostate cancer is a prevalent malignancy often presenting without early symptoms. Advanced imaging technologies have revolutionized its diagnosis and management. This review discusses the principles, benefits, and clinical applications of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), micro-ultrasound (microUS), and prostate-specific membrane antigen positron [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Prostate cancer is a prevalent malignancy often presenting without early symptoms. Advanced imaging technologies have revolutionized its diagnosis and management. This review discusses the principles, benefits, and clinical applications of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), micro-ultrasound (microUS), and prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT) in localized prostate cancer. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature review of recent studies and guidelines on mpMRI, microUS, and PSMA PET/CT in prostate cancer diagnosis, focusing on their applications in biopsy-naïve patients, those with previous negative biopsies, and patients under active surveillance. Results: MpMRI has demonstrated high sensitivity and negative predictive value in detecting clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). MicroUS, a newer technology, has shown promising results in early studies, with sensitivity and specificity comparable to mpMRI. PSMA PET/CT has emerged as a highly sensitive and specific imaging modality, particularly valuable for staging and detecting metastatic disease. All three technologies have been incorporated into urologic practice for prostate cancer diagnosis and management, with each offering unique advantages in different clinical scenarios. Conclusions: Advanced imaging techniques, including mpMRI, microUS, and PSMA PET/CT, have significantly improved the accuracy of prostate cancer diagnosis, staging, and management. These technologies enable more precise targeting of suspicious lesions during biopsy and therapy planning. However, further research, especially randomized controlled trials, is needed to fully establish the optimal use and inclusion of these imaging modalities in various stages of prostate cancer care. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of Prostate Cancer)
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27 pages, 1583 KiB  
Review
Strategic Advances in Combination Therapy for Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: Current Insights and Future Perspectives
by Whi-An Kwon, Yong Sang Song and Min-Kyung Lee
Cancers 2024, 16(18), 3187; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16183187 - 18 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1263
Abstract
The contemporary treatment for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) has evolved significantly, building on successes in managing metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Although androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) alone has long been the cornerstone of mCSPC treatment, combination therapies have emerged as the new [...] Read more.
The contemporary treatment for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) has evolved significantly, building on successes in managing metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Although androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) alone has long been the cornerstone of mCSPC treatment, combination therapies have emerged as the new standard of care based on recent advances, offering improved survival outcomes. Landmark phase 3 trials demonstrated that adding chemotherapy (docetaxel) and androgen receptor pathway inhibitors to ADT significantly enhances overall survival, particularly for patients with high-volume, high-risk, or de novo metastatic disease. Despite these advancements, a concerning gap between evidence-based guidelines and real-world practice remains, with many patients not receiving recommended combination therapies. The challenge in optimizing therapy sequences, considering both disease control and treatment burdens, and identifying clinical and biological subgroups that could benefit from personalized treatment strategies persists. The advent of triplet therapy has shown promise in extending survival, but the uro-oncology community must narrow the gap between evidence and practice to deliver the most effective care. Current research is focused on refining treatment approaches and utilizing biomarkers to guide therapy selection, aiming to offer more personalized and adaptive strategies for mCSPC management. Thus, aligning clinical practices with the evolving evidence is urgently needed to improve outcomes for patients facing this incurable disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of Prostate Cancer)
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