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Cancers
Special Issues
Histopathology of Urological Cancers
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Histopathology of Urological Cancers

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Pathophysiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 2297

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Vikas Mehta

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Guest Editor
Department of Pathology, Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
Interests: tissue diagnosis of urologic malignancies (prostate cancer; kidney cancer; testis cancer; bladder cancer); immunophenotypic and molecular genetic markers of urologic malignancies
Dr. Antoun Toubaji

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
Interests: prostate cancer; molecular genetics and biomarkers; genitourinary malignancies
Dr. Vijayalakshmi Ananthanarayanan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Interests: prostate carcinoma; renal cell carcinoma

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There has been a tremendous advancement in the diagnosis and management of urologic malignancies. With the release of the 2022 WHO classification of Genito-urinary tumors, several new entities have been described with differences in clinical outcomes. Many new diagnostic criteria have been described that correlate with underlying molecular abnormalities.

To predict prognosis and treatment response, biomarkers have been largely investigated for tissue, urine and blood. The most studied biomarkers include cell cycle, cell signaling, cell adhesion and inflammatory biomarkers. Although promising, a standardized approach and a consensus are still lacking.

The recent development of new therapeutic strategies, such as antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs), monoclonal antibodies targeting a specific cell surface antigen (nectin-4, TROP2 and HER2) and anti-PD-1 agents, has stimulated additional investigations of molecular targets.

In this setting, further research is needed to better stratify patient risk, predict treatment efficacy and assess targeted therapeutic approaches.

This Special Issue aims to collect the most recent developments in histopathologic criteria for the diagnosis of various urologic malignancies and advances in tumor biomarkers with prognostic and predictive value among these tumors. At the same time, this Special Issue will also focus on the usefulness of AI-augmented diagnoses for this group of malignancies. This Special Issue will also collect recent advances in promising or novel therapeutic targets for local treatment or systemic therapy in the entire spectrum of tumors of the urological tract, including retrospective and prospective results from clinical trials or small mono-institutional series.

Authors are encouraged to submit original research articles, review articles and meta-analysis articles.

Dr. Vikas Mehta
Dr. Antoun Toubaji
Dr. Vijayalakshmi Ananthanarayanan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • renal cell carcinoma
  • prostate
  • testis Ggrm cell tumors
  • urothelial carcinoma
  • artificial intelligence
  • ductal adenocarcinoma of prostate
  • neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate carcinoma
  • next-generation sequencing

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1900 KiB  
Article
Association of Lymphovascular Invasion with Lymph Node Metastases in Prostate Cancer—Lateralization Concept
by Jakub Karwacki, Adam Gurwin, Arkadiusz Jaworski, Michał Jarocki, Marcel Stodolak, Andrzej Dłubak, Przemysław Szuba, Artur Lemiński, Krystian Kaczmarek, Agnieszka Hałoń, Tomasz Szydełko and Bartosz Małkiewicz
Cancers 2024, 16(5), 925; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16050925 - 25 Feb 2024
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Abstract
Background. Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a vital but often overlooked prognostic factor in prostate cancer. As debates on lymphadenectomy’s overtreatment emerge, understanding LVI laterality gains importance. This study pioneers the investigation into PCa, aiming to uncover patterns that could influence tailored surgical strategies [...] Read more.
Background. Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a vital but often overlooked prognostic factor in prostate cancer. As debates on lymphadenectomy’s overtreatment emerge, understanding LVI laterality gains importance. This study pioneers the investigation into PCa, aiming to uncover patterns that could influence tailored surgical strategies in the future. Methods. Data from 96 patients with both LVI and lymph node invasion (LNI) were retrospectively analyzed. All participants underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) with modified-extended pelvic lymph node dissection (mePLND). All specimens underwent histopathological examination. The assessment of LVI was conducted separately for the right and left lobes of the prostate. Associations within subgroups were assessed using U-Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests, as well as Kendall’s tau-b coefficient, yielding p-values and odds ratios (ORs). Results. Out of the 96 patients, 61 (63.5%) exhibited exclusive left-sided lymphovascular invasion (LVI), 24 (25.0%) had exclusive right-sided LVI, and 11 (11.5%) showed bilateral LVI. Regarding nodal involvement, 23 patients (24.0%) had LNI solely on the left, 25 (26.0%) exclusively on the right, and 48 (50.0%) on both sides. A significant correlation was observed between lateralized LVI and lateralized LNI (p < 0.001), particularly in patients with right-sided LVI only. LN-positive patients with left-sided LVI tended to have higher pT stages (p = 0.047) and increased odds ratios (OR) of bilateral LNI (OR = 2.795; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.231–6.348) compared to those with exclusive right-sided LVI (OR = 0.692; 95% CI: 0.525–0.913). Conclusions. Unilateral LVI correlates with ipsilateral LNI in PCa patients with positive LNs, notably in cases of exclusively right-sided LVI. Left-sided LVI associates with higher pT stages and a higher percentage of bilateral LNI cases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Histopathology of Urological Cancers)
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14 pages, 1026 KiB  
Article
Diagnostic Value of Urine Cytology in Pharmacologically Forced Diuresis for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Diagnosis and Follow-Up
by Nicola Giudici, Jennifer Blarer, Niranjan Sathianathen, Fiona C. Burkhard, Patrick Y. Wuethrich, George N. Thalmann, Roland Seiler and Marc A. Furrer
Cancers 2024, 16(4), 758; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16040758 - 12 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1097
Abstract
We performed a urine cytology analysis of a pharmacologically induced diuresis for the diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma. To evaluate the diagnostic value of cytology of pharmacologically forced diuresis, an initial cohort of 77 consecutive patients with primary upper tract urothelial carcinoma [...] Read more.
We performed a urine cytology analysis of a pharmacologically induced diuresis for the diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma. To evaluate the diagnostic value of cytology of pharmacologically forced diuresis, an initial cohort of 77 consecutive patients with primary upper tract urothelial carcinoma treated via radical surgery was enrolled. To evaluate pharmacologically forced diuresis cytology as a follow-up procedure, a second cohort of 1250 patients who underwent a radical cystectomy for bladder cancer was selected. In the first cohort, the sensitivity of cytology of pharmacologically forced diuresis in patients with invasive, high-grade, low-grade, and concomitant carcinoma in situ was 8%, 9%, 0%, and 14%, respectively. In the second cohort, cytology of pharmacologically forced diuresis was positive in 30/689 (4.3%) patients, in whom upper urinary tract recurrence was present in 21/30 (70%) of cases, and urethral recurrence was present in 8/30 (26%) of cases. As a follow-up tool, cytology of pharmacologically forced diuresis showed a sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 60%, 99%, 70%, and 98%, respectively. Overall, as a diagnostic tool, the sensitivity of cytology of pharmacologically forced diuresis is slightly better in patients with invasive upper tract urothelial carcinoma and concomitant carcinoma in situ. As a follow-up method, positive cytology of pharmacologically forced diuresis is strongly related to cancer recurrence and can reveal urethral recurrence. Cytology of pharmacologically forced diuresis might be useful in cases with contraindications for imaging or when achieving endoscopic access to the upper urinary tract is difficult. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Histopathology of Urological Cancers)
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