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Cancers
Special Issues
Diagnosis and Staging of Gastroesophageal Cancer
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Diagnosis and Staging of Gastroesophageal Cancer

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Causes, Screening and Diagnosis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 9962

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Fausto Rosa

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Guest Editor
1. Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
2. Emergency and Trauma Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
Interests: surgical oncology; emergency and trauma surgery; acute care surgery; gastric cancer; new technologies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Vito Laterza

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
2. Beaujon University Hospital, AP-HP, Clichy, France
Interests: gastroesophageal cancer; new technologies; diagnostic laparoscopy; peritoneal carcinomatosis; artificial intelligence
Dr. Carlo Alberto Schena

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
2. Unit of Colorectal and Digestive Surgery, DIGEST Department, Beaujon University Hospital, AP-HP, University of Paris Cité, Clichy, 92110 Paris, France
Interests: robotic surgery; surgical oncology; gastrointestinal surgery; gastroesophageal cancer; colorectal cancer; artificial intelligence
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Sergio Alfieri

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
Interests: gastric cancer; esophageal cancer; pancreatic cancer; colorectal cancer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gastric Cancer remains one of the most common and one of the main causes of cancer-related death all over the world. Nowadays, Gastric Cancer diagnosis relies on endoscopy, including echoendoscopy for the assessment of the deepness of stomach wall invasion, and imaging [especially computed tomography (CT) and 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography (PET)] to perform a complete clinical staging of the disease. In recent decades, the use of Indocyanine green (ICG) for the evaluation of nodal involvement, the implementation of staging laparoscopy for the pre-operative detection of macroscopic and microscopic peritoneal dissemination, and the development of more advanced tools such as radiomics and artificial intelligence became part of the current armamentarium for the diagnosis and staging of Gastric Cancer. The increased incidence of more advanced and more aggressive diseases, as well as the progressive shift of the primary tumor location, particularly in Western countries, have changed the epidemiological paradigm of Gastric Cancer management. This emergent scenario not only dictates the evolution of surgical and oncological therapies but also imposes continuous research for an earlier and more precise diagnosis.

The aim of this Special Issue is to promote the analysis of several interesting insights regarding the current diagnosis of Gastric Cancer, but also the employment of new technologies and tools to improve the accuracy of pre-operative Gastric Cancer management.

We are pleased to invite you as eminent experts in this field and we will be grateful for your precious contribution to this upcoming Special Issue with high-quality original papers, such as original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, or review articles. Please feel free to nominate someone from your team as a co-author if needed.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Fausto Rosa
Dr. Vito Laterza
Dr. Carlo Alberto Schena
Prof. Dr. Sergio Alfieri
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gastric cancer
  • esophageal cancer
  • current diagnosis of gastroesophageal cancer
  • indocyanine green
  • artificial intelligence
  • radiomics
  • staging laparoscopy

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 899 KiB  
Article
Prognostic Relevance of Preoperative Immune, Inflammatory, and Nutritional Biomarkers in Patients Undergoing Gastrectomy for Resectable Gastric Adenocarcinoma: An Observational Multicentre Study
by Jaume Tur-Martínez, Joaquín Rodríguez-Santiago, Javier Osorio, Mònica Miró, Concepción Yarnoz, Mariona Jofra, Georgina Ferret, Helena Salvador-Roses, Sonia Fernández-Ananín, Arantxa Clavell, Alexis Luna, Aurora Aldeano, Carles Olona, Judith Hermoso, Mercè Güell-Farré, Mariagiulia Dal Cero, Marta Gimeno, Natàlia Pallarès and Manuel Pera
Cancers 2024, 16(12), 2188; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16122188 - 11 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 991
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate different preoperative immune, inflammatory, and nutritional scores and their best cut-off values as predictors of poorer overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients who underwent curative gastric cancer resection. Methods: This was [...] Read more.
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate different preoperative immune, inflammatory, and nutritional scores and their best cut-off values as predictors of poorer overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients who underwent curative gastric cancer resection. Methods: This was a retrospective observational multicentre study based on data of the Spanish EURECCA Esophagogastric Cancer Registry. Time-dependent Youden index and log-rank test were used to obtain the best cut-offs of 18 preoperative biomarkers for OS and DFS. An adjusted Cox model with variables selected by bootstrapping was used to identify the best preoperative biomarkers, which were also analysed for every TNM stage. Results: High neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), high monocyte systemic inflammation index (moSII), and low prognostic nutritional index (PNI) were identified as independent predictors of poor outcome: NLR > 5.91 (HR:1.73; 95%CI [1.23–2.43]), moSII >2027.12 (HR:2.26; 95%CI [1.36–3.78]), and PNI >40.31 (HR:0.75; 95%CI [0.58–0.96]) for 5-year OS and NLR > 6.81 (HR:1.75; 95%CI [1.24–2.45]), moSII > 2027.12 (HR:2.46; 95%CI [1.49–4.04]), and PNI > 40.31 (HR:0.77; 95%CI [0.60,0.97]) for 5-year DFS. These outcomes were maintained in the whole cohort for NLR and moSII (p < 0.05) but not in stage II and for PNI in all tumoral stages. The associations of NLR-PNI and moSII-PNI were also a relevant prognostic factor for OS. Conclusions: High NLR, high moSII (for stages I and III), and low PNI (regardless of tumour stage) were the most promising preoperative biomarkers to predict poor OS and DFS in gastric cancer patients treated with curative intent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Staging of Gastroesophageal Cancer)
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17 pages, 292 KiB  
Article
Pattern of Distribution of Lymph Node Metastases in Individual Stations in Middle and Lower Gastric Carcinoma
by Giuseppe Brisinda, Maria Michela Chiarello, Valeria Fico, Caterina Puccioni, Anna Crocco, Valentina Bianchi and Serafino Vanella
Cancers 2023, 15(7), 2139; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15072139 - 4 Apr 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1554
Abstract
(1) Background: Lymph node (LN) dissection is the cornerstone of curative treatment of GC. The pattern of distribution of LN metastases is closely related to several factors. The aim of this study is to evaluate the factors determining the distribution of nodal metastases [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Lymph node (LN) dissection is the cornerstone of curative treatment of GC. The pattern of distribution of LN metastases is closely related to several factors. The aim of this study is to evaluate the factors determining the distribution of nodal metastases in a population of N+ distal GC patients undergoing gastrectomy and D2 lymphadenectomy. (2) Methods: The medical charts of 162 N+ GC patients who underwent surgical resection over a 15-year period were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical, pathological and anatomical characteristics were evaluated to identify the factors affecting the patterns and prevalence of metastases in individual LN stations. (3) Results: LN metastasis is correlated with the depth of the tumor and to diffuse-type tumors. A higher number of metastatic nodes was documented in patients with middle-third tumors (8.2 ± 7.3 vs. 4.5 ± 5.0 in lower-third tumors, p = 0.0001) and in patients with tumors located on the lesser curve. Station 4 showed the highest rate of metastases (53.1%). Concerning stations 7 to 12, station 8 showed the highest metastasis rate (28.4%). Metastases at stations 1, 2, 4 and 7 to 11 were dominant in middle-third cancer, whereas stations 5 and 6 were dominant in lower-third cancers. Station 4, 5, 6, 10 and 11 metastases were dominant when the cancer was located on the greater curve, whereas stations 1, 2, 7, 8 and 12 were dominant in lesser-curve cancers. (4) Conclusions: The study documented that in patients with distal GC, the distribution of nodal metastases at individual stations is closely related to primary tumor location. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Staging of Gastroesophageal Cancer)

Review

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13 pages, 3449 KiB  
Review
The Role of Staging Laparoscopy for Gastric Cancer Patients: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives
by Carlo Alberto Schena, Vito Laterza, Davide De Sio, Giuseppe Quero, Claudio Fiorillo, Gayani Gunawardena, Antonia Strippoli, Vincenzo Tondolo, Nicola de’Angelis, Sergio Alfieri and Fausto Rosa
Cancers 2023, 15(13), 3425; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15133425 - 30 Jun 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3822
Abstract
A significant proportion of patients diagnosed with gastric cancer is discovered with peritoneal metastases at laparotomy. Despite the continuous improvement in the performance of radiological imaging, the preoperative recognition of such an advanced disease is still challenging during the diagnostic work-up, since the [...] Read more.
A significant proportion of patients diagnosed with gastric cancer is discovered with peritoneal metastases at laparotomy. Despite the continuous improvement in the performance of radiological imaging, the preoperative recognition of such an advanced disease is still challenging during the diagnostic work-up, since the sensitivity of CT scans to peritoneal carcinomatosis is not always adequate. Staging laparoscopy offers the chance to significantly increase the rate of promptly diagnosed peritoneal metastases, thus reducing the number of unnecessary laparotomies and modifying the initial treatment strategy of gastric cancer. The aim of this review was to provide a comprehensive summary of the current literature regarding the role of staging laparoscopy in the management of gastric cancer. Indications, techniques, accuracy, advantages, and limitations of staging laparoscopy and peritoneal cytology were discussed. Furthermore, a focus on current evidence regarding the application of artificial intelligence and image-guided surgery in staging laparoscopy was included in order to provide a picture of the future perspectives of this technique and its integration with modern tools in the preoperative management of gastric cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Staging of Gastroesophageal Cancer)
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19 pages, 1680 KiB  
Review
Endoscopic Ultrasound Advanced Techniques for Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours
by Socrate Pallio, Stefano Francesco Crinò, Marcello Maida, Emanuele Sinagra, Vincenzo Francesco Tripodi, Antonio Facciorusso, Andrew Ofosu, Maria Cristina Conti Bellocchi, Endrit Shahini and Giuseppinella Melita
Cancers 2023, 15(4), 1285; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15041285 - 17 Feb 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3012
Abstract
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs) are subepithelial lesions (SELs) that commonly develop in the gastrointestinal tract. GISTs, unlike other SELs, can exhibit malignant behavior, so differential diagnosis is critical to the decision-making process. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is considered the most accurate imaging method for [...] Read more.
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs) are subepithelial lesions (SELs) that commonly develop in the gastrointestinal tract. GISTs, unlike other SELs, can exhibit malignant behavior, so differential diagnosis is critical to the decision-making process. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is considered the most accurate imaging method for diagnosing and differentiating SELs in the gastrointestinal tract by assessing the lesions precisely and evaluating their malignant risk. Due to their overlapping imaging characteristics, endosonographers may have difficulty distinguishing GISTs from other SELs using conventional EUS alone, and the collection of tissue samples from these lesions may be technically challenging. Even though it appears to be less effective in the case of smaller lesions, histology is now the gold standard for achieving a final diagnosis and avoiding unnecessary and invasive treatment for benign SELs. The use of enhanced EUS modalities and elastography has improved the diagnostic ability of EUS. Furthermore, recent advancements in artificial intelligence systems that use EUS images have allowed them to distinguish GISTs from other SELs, thereby improving their diagnostic accuracy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Staging of Gastroesophageal Cancer)
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