Metabolomics and Target Heterogeneity in Radioligand Therapy

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Research of Cancer".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2022) | Viewed by 4446

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
Interests: theranostic; precision oncology; neuroendocrine tumor; prostate cancer; PET/CT; PET/MRI

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Guest Editor
GenesisCare (Theranostics), East Fremantle, Australia
Interests: prostate cancer; neuroendocrine tumors; thyroid cancer including anaplastic

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The success of two prospective randomized clinical trials in neuroendocrine tumor (NETTER-1) and prostate cancer (VISION) have finally proven the real potential of radioligand therapy (RLT). No wonder several phase 1–3 studies are now exploring the utility of RLT in other tumor entities and in different stages of tumor evolution. Apart from investigating treatment efficacy, tolerability, and adverse effects in controlled clinical trials, it is equally imperative to understand the basic mechanism(s) of action of the powerful radioligands, as not all patients respond well to RLT. One of the primary prerequisites for achieving a sufficient radiation dose in and around the tumor cells is the density of target expression on the tumor lesions. Indeed, different clones of tumor cells within tumor lesions are the primary driving force in regulating the expression of targets and determining their radiation sensitivity. For both neuroendocrine tumors as well as prostate cancer patients treated with radioligands, apart from the metabolism, e.g., glucose metabolism or serotonin metabolism, single-center retrospective clinical data as well as preclinical studies have shown predictive and prognostic values of receptor heterogeneity and shown promise in exploring the metabolic pathways to determine the inherent radiation sensitivity of tumor cells.

This Special Issue will focus on the integration of several heterogeneity parameters stemming from imaging and molecular markers to enhance and integrate research and researchers in the field of tumor heterogeneity and metabolomics. The final aims are to increase the efficacy of RLT via a) the selection of appropriate patients, b) a decreased treatment-related toxicity, and c) optimized sequence of treatment options.

Dr. Vikas Prasad
Dr. Nat P. Lenzo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • radioligand therapy
  • tumor heterogeneity
  • receptor heterogeneity
  • serum biomarkers
  • molecular pathology
  • pharmacogenomics

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 1633 KiB  
Article
Epigenetic-Like Stimulation of Receptor Expression in SSTR2 Transfected HEK293 Cells as a New Therapeutic Strategy
by Joerg Kotzerke, Dorothee Buesser, Anne Naumann, Roswitha Runge, Lisa Huebinger, Andrea Kliewer, Robert Freudenberg and Claudia Brogsitter
Cancers 2022, 14(10), 2513; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14102513 - 19 May 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1811
Abstract
The aim of the study was to increase the uptake of the SSTR2-targeted radioligand Lu-177-DOTATATE using the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (DNMTi) 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC) and the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) valproic acid (VPA). The HEKsst2 and PC3 cells were incubated with variable concentrations [...] Read more.
The aim of the study was to increase the uptake of the SSTR2-targeted radioligand Lu-177-DOTATATE using the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (DNMTi) 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC) and the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) valproic acid (VPA). The HEKsst2 and PC3 cells were incubated with variable concentrations of 5-aza-dC and VPA to investigate the uptake of Lu-177-DOTATATE. Cell survival, subsequent to external X-rays (0.6 or 1.2 Gy) and a 24 h incubation with 57.5 or 136 kBq/mL Lu-177-DOTATATE, was investigated via colony formation assay to examine the effect of the epidrugs. In the case of stimulated HEKsst2 cells, the uptake of Lu-177-DOTATATE increased by a factor of 28 in comparison to the unstimulated cells. Further, stimulated HEKsst2 cells demonstrated lower survival fractions (factor 4). The survival fractions of the PC3 cells remained almost unchanged. VPA and 5-aza-dC did not induce changes to the intrinsic radiosensitivity of the cells after X-ray irradiation. Clear stimulatory effects on HEKsst2 cells were demonstrated by increased cell uptake of the radioligand and enhanced SST2 receptor quantity. In conclusion, the investigated approach is suitable to stimulate the somatostatin receptor expression and thus the uptake of Lu-177-DOTATATE, enabling a more efficient treatment for patients with poor response to peptide radionuclide therapy (PRRT). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolomics and Target Heterogeneity in Radioligand Therapy)
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24 pages, 1825 KiB  
Review
Tumour Heterogeneity and the Consequent Practical Challenges in the Management of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
by Isabella Reccia, Madhava Pai, Jayant Kumar, Duncan Spalding and Andrea Frilling
Cancers 2023, 15(6), 1861; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15061861 - 20 Mar 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2020
Abstract
Tumour heterogeneity is a common phenomenon in neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) and a significant cause of treatment failure and disease progression. Genetic and epigenetic instability, along with proliferation of cancer stem cells and alterations in the tumour microenvironment, manifest as intra-tumoural variability in tumour [...] Read more.
Tumour heterogeneity is a common phenomenon in neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) and a significant cause of treatment failure and disease progression. Genetic and epigenetic instability, along with proliferation of cancer stem cells and alterations in the tumour microenvironment, manifest as intra-tumoural variability in tumour biology in primary tumours and metastases. This may change over time, especially under selective pressure during treatment. The gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) tract is the most common site for NENs, and their diagnosis and treatment depends on the specific characteristics of the disease, in particular proliferation activity, expression of somatostatin receptors and grading. Somatostatin receptor expression has a major role in the diagnosis and treatment of GEP-NENs, while Ki-67 is also a valuable prognostic marker. Intra- and inter-tumour heterogeneity in GEP-NENS, however, may lead to inaccurate assessment of the disease and affect the reliability of the available diagnostic, prognostic and predictive tests. In this review, we summarise the current available evidence of the impact of tumour heterogeneity on tumour diagnosis and treatment of GEP-NENs. Understanding and accurately measuring tumour heterogeneity could better inform clinical decision making in NENs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolomics and Target Heterogeneity in Radioligand Therapy)
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