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Cancers
Special Issues
Systems Biology of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Immuno-Oncology
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Systems Biology of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Immuno-Oncology

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 6113

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Wei Wei

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Assistant Professor, Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
2. Adj. Assistant Professor, UCLA Pharmacology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Interests: immuno-oncology; tumor microenvironment; single-cell analytics; spatial multi-omics
Dr. Vésteinn Thórsson

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
Interests: immunogenomics; computational immuno-oncology; cancer genomics; spatial-multiomics
Dr. Yin Tang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
Interests: oncology; tumor metabolism; single-cell analytics; spatial multi-omics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The intricate ecosystem of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is critical to tumor progression and anti-tumor therapy responses. In the last decade, cancer immunotherapies have caused a paradigm shift in cancer treatment and have greatly improved patient clinical outcomes for multiple cancer types. The advancements in our understanding of the TIME have led to the identification of multiple critical components that are essential for eliciting a successful anti-tumor immune response. Notably, the immunosuppressive microenvironment impairs the anti-tumor immune response and needs to be investigated extensively and targeted therapeutically.

However, tumor tissue is highly heterogeneous. The advancements in single-cell multi-omics technologies have allowed us to examine various cell types within the TIME in multiple molecular landscapes. The advent of spatial omics platforms has further enabled us to study the TIME within the native tumor spatial context. These platforms can generate a large amount of heterogeneous data types, requiring the development of novel computational and systems biology methods to analyze and interpret the data to understand the intimate connections between the TIME and immunotherapy responses. This Special Issue aims to highlight the exciting progress in these areas, covering advancements in both technological and computational development as well as efforts in database infrastructure, with the goal to improve our understanding of the basic biology and clinical implications of this complex ecosystem.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. We look forward to receiving your contributions.  

Dr. Wei Wei
Dr. Vésteinn Thórsson
Dr. Yin Tang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

25 pages, 410 KiB  
Review
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Basic Biology and Immuno-Oncolytic Viruses
by Michael L. Monaco, Omer A. Idris and Karim Essani
Cancers 2023, 15(8), 2393; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15082393 - 21 Apr 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2847
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most lethal subtype of breast cancer. TNBC diagnoses account for approximately one-fifth of all breast cancer cases globally. The lack of receptors for estrogen, progesterone, and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER-2, CD340) results in a lack [...] Read more.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most lethal subtype of breast cancer. TNBC diagnoses account for approximately one-fifth of all breast cancer cases globally. The lack of receptors for estrogen, progesterone, and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER-2, CD340) results in a lack of available molecular-based therapeutics. This increases the difficulty of treatment and leaves more traditional as well as toxic therapies as the only available standards of care in many cases. Recurrence is an additional serious problem, contributing substantially to its higher mortality rate as compared to other breast cancers. Tumor heterogeneity also poses a large obstacle to treatment approaches. No driver of tumor development has been identified for TNBC, and large variations in mutational burden between tumors have been described previously. Here, we describe the biology of six different subtypes of TNBC, based on differential gene expression. Subtype differences can have a large impact on metastatic potential and resistance to treatment. Emerging antibody-based therapeutics, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, have available targets for small subsets of TNBC patients, leading to partial responses and relatively low overall efficacy. Immuno-oncolytic viruses (OVs) have recently become significant in the pursuit of effective treatments for TNBC. OVs generally share the ability to ignore the heterogeneous nature of TNBC cells and allow infection throughout a treated tumor. Recent genetic engineering has allowed for the enhancement of efficacy against certain tumor types while avoiding the most common side effects in non-cancerous tissues. In this review, TNBC is described in order to address the challenges it presents to potential treatments. The OVs currently described preclinically and in various stages of clinical trials are also summarized, as are their strategies to enhance therapeutic potential. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Systems Biology of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Immuno-Oncology)
13 pages, 1003 KiB  
Review
The Impact of Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites on the Tumor Immune Microenvironment
by Maik Luu, Burkhard Schütz, Matthias Lauth and Alexander Visekruna
Cancers 2023, 15(5), 1588; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15051588 - 3 Mar 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2831
Abstract
Prevention of the effectiveness of anti-tumor immune responses is one of the canonical cancer hallmarks. The competition for crucial nutrients within the tumor microenvironment (TME) between cancer cells and immune cells creates a complex interplay characterized by metabolic deprivation. Extensive efforts have recently [...] Read more.
Prevention of the effectiveness of anti-tumor immune responses is one of the canonical cancer hallmarks. The competition for crucial nutrients within the tumor microenvironment (TME) between cancer cells and immune cells creates a complex interplay characterized by metabolic deprivation. Extensive efforts have recently been made to understand better the dynamic interactions between cancer cells and surrounding immune cells. Paradoxically, both cancer cells and activated T cells are metabolically dependent on glycolysis, even in the presence of oxygen, a metabolic process known as the Warburg effect. The intestinal microbial community delivers various types of small molecules that can potentially augment the functional capabilities of the host immune system. Currently, several studies are trying to explore the complex functional relationship between the metabolites secreted by the human microbiome and anti-tumor immunity. Recently, it has been shown that a diverse array of commensal bacteria synthetizes bioactive molecules that enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment and adoptive cell therapy with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. In this review, we highlight the importance of commensal bacteria, particularly of the gut microbiota-derived metabolites that are capable of shaping metabolic, transcriptional and epigenetic processes within the TME in a therapeutically meaningful way. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Systems Biology of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Immuno-Oncology)
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