Developments in Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Medical Imaging in Cancers

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Methods and Technologies Development".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 October 2024 | Viewed by 1207

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Academic Radiology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathogy and Emergency Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
Interests: magnetic resonance imaging; ultrasound; computed tomography; oncology; biomarkers; hepatocellular carcinoma; liver radiomics; artificial intelligence; machine learning; deep learning
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Medical imaging plays a pivotal role in many steps of oncologic patient management, from diagnosis to follow-up. The different domains of radiology oncologic imaging are the most suited to the implementation of new software and hardware technologies. In recent decades, several potential applications of artificial intelligence have been investigated, demonstrating remarkable effects in the diagnosis, prognosis, and assessment of response to therapy. The increasing number of AI-based software approved for clinical practice demonstrates the need for radiologists to be fully aware of the opportunities and challenges presented by these new technologies. Similarly, the increasing availability of new hardware technologies such as photon-counting CT, ultra-high-field MRI or ultra-high-frequency US, is rapidly transforming the imaging landscape. The purpose of this Special Issue is to collect papers addressing the latest advances in oncology medical imaging, both in terms of the impending integration of AI into the radiological workflow and the new hardware technologies with their outstanding diagnostic capabilities.

Prof. Dr. Dania Cioni
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oncologic imaging
  • artificial intelligence
  • machine learning
  • deep learning
  • radiomics
  • photon-counting computed tomography
  • spectral computed tomography
  • ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging
  • ultra-high-frequency ultrasound

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 2066 KiB  
Article
Abdominal Visceral-to-Subcutaneous Fat Volume Ratio Predicts Survival and Response to First-Line Palliative Chemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer
by Giacomo Aringhieri, Gianfranco Di Salle, Silvia Catanese, Caterina Vivaldi, Francesca Salani, Saverio Vitali, Miriam Caccese, Enrico Vasile, Virginia Genovesi, Lorenzo Fornaro, Rachele Tintori, Francesco Balducci, Carla Cappelli, Dania Cioni, Gianluca Masi and Emanuele Neri
Cancers 2023, 15(22), 5391; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15225391 - 13 Nov 2023
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Abstract
Prognosis in advanced gastric cancer (aGC) is predicted by clinical factors, such as stage, performance status, metastasis location, and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. However, the role of body composition and sarcopenia in aGC survival remains debated. This study aimed to evaluate how abdominal visceral [...] Read more.
Prognosis in advanced gastric cancer (aGC) is predicted by clinical factors, such as stage, performance status, metastasis location, and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. However, the role of body composition and sarcopenia in aGC survival remains debated. This study aimed to evaluate how abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat volumes, psoas muscle volume, and the visceral-to-subcutaneous (VF/SF) volume ratio impact overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in aGC patients receiving first-line palliative chemotherapy. We retrospectively examined CT scans of 65 aGC patients, quantifying body composition parameters (BCPs) in 2D and 3D. Normalized 3D BCP volumes were determined, and the VF/SF ratio was computed. Survival outcomes were analyzed using the Cox Proportional Hazard model between the upper and lower halves of the distribution. Additionally, response to first-line chemotherapy was compared using the χ2 test. Patients with a higher VF/SF ratio (N = 33) exhibited significantly poorer OS (p = 0.02) and PFS (p < 0.005) and had a less favorable response to first-line chemotherapy (p = 0.033), with a lower Disease Control Rate (p = 0.016). Notably, absolute BCP measures and sarcopenia did not predict survival. In conclusion, radiologically assessed VF/SF volume ratio emerged as a robust and independent predictor of both survival and treatment response in aGC patients. Full article
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