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Cancers
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Advances in the Management of Thyroid Cancer
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Advances in the Management of Thyroid Cancer

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2022) | Viewed by 7695

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Dana Hartl

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Département Anesthésie Chirurgie et Interventionnel, Gustave Roussy, 112 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France
Interests: thyroid cancer; therapy; surgery; overtreatment; risk assessment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The thyroid gland can harbor one of the most indolent of human cancers, micropapillary carcinoma, but also give rise to one of the most aggressive and lethal of human cancers, anaplastic carcinoma, with a rainbow of cancers of varying histologies and prognoses in between. Advances have been made in recent years on both sides of the spectrum, from “less is more” active surveillance for small papillary carcinomas to personalized molecular-based targeted therapies for metastatic disease and anaplastic carcinoma. With improved knowledge of molecular pathways, redifferentiation to induce radioactive iodine uptake in refractory tumors is also now a reality. New surgical and minimally invasive techniques are now applied both for primary surgery and for effectively treating oligometastatic disease. This Special Issue on “Advances in the Management of Thyroid Cancer” will cover recent progress in treatment of the lowest risk to the highest risk cancers and provide insight for future therapies and clinical trials.

Dr. Dana Hartl
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • thyroid
  • cancer
  • radioactive iodine
  • active surveillance
  • kinase inhibitors
  • redifferentiation

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 2881 KiB  
Article
Pathological Analysis of Encased Resected Recurrent Nerves in Locally Invasive Thyroid Cancer
by Alexandre Dahan, Abir Al Ghuzlan, Randa Chehab, Joanne Guerlain, Ingrid Breuskin, Camilo Garcia, Livia Lamartina, Julien Hadoux, Eric Baudin and Dana M. Hartl
Cancers 2022, 14(12), 2961; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14122961 - 15 Jun 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2006
Abstract
Objective: Thyroid cancer encasing the recurrent nerve is rare, and the decision to resect or preserve the nerve is multifactorial. The objective of this study was to histopathologically analyze resected encased nerves to assess the rate of nerve invasion and risk factors. Materials [...] Read more.
Objective: Thyroid cancer encasing the recurrent nerve is rare, and the decision to resect or preserve the nerve is multifactorial. The objective of this study was to histopathologically analyze resected encased nerves to assess the rate of nerve invasion and risk factors. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on consecutive patients with resection of the recurrent nerve for primary or recurrent follicular cell-derived or medullary thyroid carcinoma from 2005 to 2020. Demographics, pathology, locoregional invasion, metastases, recurrences and survival were analyzed. Slides were reviewed blindly by two specialized pathologists (AAG, RC) for diagnosis of invasion deep to the epineurium. Results: Fifty-two patients were included: 25 females; average age, 55 (range 8–87). In total, 87% percent (45/52) were follicular cell-derived with 17/45 (37.8%) aggressive variants; 13% (7/52) were medullary carcinoma. Preoperative vocal fold (VF) paralysis was present in 16/52 (30.7%). Pathologically, the nerve was invaded in 44/52 cases (85%): 82% of follicular cell-derived tumors (37/45), 88% of pediatric cases, and 100% of medullary carcinomas (7/7). Nerve invasion was observed in 11/16 (69%) with preoperative VF paralysis and 33/36 (92%) with normal VF function. Only aggressive histology was correlated with nerve invasion in follicular cell-derived tumors (p = 0.019). Conclusions: The encased nerves were pathologically invaded in 82% of follicular cell-derived tumors and in 100% of medullary carcinomas. Nerve invasion was statistically correlated with aggressive histopathological subtypes and was observed in the absence of VF paralysis in 92% of cases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Management of Thyroid Cancer)
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10 pages, 818 KiB  
Article
Course of Disease and Clinical Management of Patients with Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
by Freba Grawe, Atika Cahya, Matthias P. Fabritius, Leonie Beyer, Vera Wenter, Johannes Ruebenthaler, Thomas Geyer, Caroline Burgard, Peter Bartenstein, Harun Ilhan, Christine Spitzweg and Andrei Todica
Cancers 2021, 13(21), 5309; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13215309 - 22 Oct 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2073
Abstract
Background: In patients with poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma, the clinical course and prognostic value of response to initial radioiodine therapy is evaluated. Methods: In 47 patients, clinical and imaging features were analyzed. Patients were stratified in no (NED), biochemical (B-ED) and structural evidence [...] Read more.
Background: In patients with poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma, the clinical course and prognostic value of response to initial radioiodine therapy is evaluated. Methods: In 47 patients, clinical and imaging features were analyzed. Patients were stratified in no (NED), biochemical (B-ED) and structural evidence of disease (S-ED) assessed at the first diagnostic control and its impact on survival was evaluated. Further, possible risk factors for a shorter disease-specific survival rate (DSS) were analyzed. Results: In total, 17/47 patients consisted of NED, 10/47 were B-ED and 20/47 S-ED patients. At the last follow-up, 18/47 patients were NED, 2/47 patients B-ED and 27/47 patients S-ED. The median survival time was only reached for the S-ED group (median 3.9 years, 95%CI 2.8–5.1 years) and was not reached in the B-ED and NED groups. Metastases were diagnosed by a 18F-FDG-PET/CT scan in all cases and a multivariate analysis showed that the PET-positivity of metastases was the only significant predictor of DSS (p = 0.036). Conclusion: The response to initial surgery and radioiodine therapy in PDTC patients can achieve an excellent outcome and a further follow-up should be refined based on findings at the first diagnostic control. However, patients with an incomplete response and metastatic patients who become mostly radioiodine refractory show a significantly shorter survival, which makes accurate staging by 18F-FDG-PET/CT imaging crucial. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Management of Thyroid Cancer)
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Review

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28 pages, 660 KiB  
Review
Strategies for Radioiodine Treatment: What’s New
by Clotilde Sparano, Sophie Moog, Julien Hadoux, Corinne Dupuy, Abir Al Ghuzlan, Ingrid Breuskin, Joanne Guerlain, Dana Hartl, Eric Baudin and Livia Lamartina
Cancers 2022, 14(15), 3800; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14153800 - 4 Aug 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2782
Abstract
Radioiodine treatment (RAI) represents the most widespread and effective therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). RAI goals encompass ablative (destruction of thyroid remnants, to enhance thyroglobulin predictive value), adjuvant (destruction of microscopic disease to reduce recurrences), and therapeutic (in case of macroscopic iodine [...] Read more.
Radioiodine treatment (RAI) represents the most widespread and effective therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). RAI goals encompass ablative (destruction of thyroid remnants, to enhance thyroglobulin predictive value), adjuvant (destruction of microscopic disease to reduce recurrences), and therapeutic (in case of macroscopic iodine avid lesions) purposes, but its use has evolved over time. Randomized trial results have enabled the refinement of RAI indications, moving from a standardized practice to a tailored approach. In most cases, low-risk patients may safely avoid RAI, but where necessary, a simplified protocol, based on lower iodine activities and human recombinant TSH preparation, proved to be just as effective, reducing overtreatment or useless impairment of quality of life. In pediatric DTC, RAI treatments may allow tumor healing even at the advanced stages. Finally, new challenges have arisen with the advancement in redifferentiation protocols, through which RAI still represents a leading therapy, even in former iodine refractory cases. RAI therapy is usually well-tolerated at low activities rates, but some concerns exist concerning higher cumulative doses and long-term outcomes. Despite these achievements, several issues still need to be addressed in terms of RAI indications and protocols, heading toward the RAI strategy of the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Management of Thyroid Cancer)
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