Cytokine and Steroid Hormone Signaling in Prostate Cancer
A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Cancer Biology".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2022) | Viewed by 27047
Special Issue Editors
Interests: prostate cancer; jak-stat signaling; androgen receptor; therapy development; biomarkers/predictive markers; clinical trials; radiation and dna-repair
Interests: prostate cancer; androgen receptor signaling; molecular pathology and genomic engineering
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Currently, one out of every five US men is diagnosed with prostate cancer, therefore representing a significant public health burden. The standard treatment for localized prostate cancer is surgery or radiation therapy. However, after these treatments, approximately 30–60% of prostate cancer patients experience biochemical disease recurrence as evidenced by rising post-operative serum PSA levels, which triggers follow-up treatments aiming to prevent clinical prostate cancer recurrence and development of metastatic lethal disease. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the predominant treatment for advanced prostate cancer A major challenge in the management of advanced prostate cancer is progression of the disease to lethal castrate-resistant prostate cancer in virtually all patients. In the majority of cases, castrate-resistant prostate cancer results from a failure of ADT to maintain durable suppression of androgen receptor (AR), which is the molecular target of ADT. This is supported by the clinical observation that AR is the most frequently altered gene in castrate-resistant prostate cancer genomes, AR is persistently expressed in the nucleus of the majority of the cells in castrate-resistant prostate tumors, and serum levels of the AR target gene, PSA, continue to rise in these patients. More potent second-generation AR antagonists (such as enzalutamide, apalutamide, and darolutamide) were developed to re-target the persistent AR activity in castrate-resistant prostate cancer and have become the standard of care in this setting. Mechanisms underlying prostate cancer resistance to anti-androgens are incompletely understood. The current proposed mechanisms include emergence of AR splice variants, glucocorticoid receptor expression, a ligand-binding domain mutation F876L in the AR that promotes an antagonist-to-agonist switch of anti-androgens, neuroendocrine differentiation, and cytokine signaling that induces prostate cancer growth either via AR or independently of the AR. However, no single mechanism has been reliably shown to completely account for progression of castrate-resistant prostate cancer, and it is likely that additional molecular mechanisms are involved.
For this Special Issue, we invite authors to submit contributions that provide novel findings in steroid receptor and cytokine signaling in prostate cancer and pharmacological targeting of the associated mechanisms for therapy development for castrate-resistant prostate cancer.
Prof. Marja T. Nevalainen
Prof. Scott Dehm
Prof. Vincent C. O. Njar
Guest Editors
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Keywords
- prostate cancer
- castrate-resistant growth
- metastases
- androgen receptor
- glucocorticoid receptor
- cytokines
- transmembrane receptors
- cell signaling
- pharmacological targeting
- neuroendocrine differentiation
- lineage plasticity
- prostate cancer stem cells
- stemness inhibitors
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