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Surface Coatings and Technology Against Soil Abrasion and Adhesion

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A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Surface Characterization, Deposition and Modification".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 January 2024) | Viewed by 6839

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Qiang Wan

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Guest Editor

College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 437000, China
Interests: surface engineering; wear; corrosion; soil adhesion

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Soil abrasion and adhesion are two main limiting factors for the development of mechanized production in the agricultural field. The design of high-performance materials and structures against soil abrasion and adhesion is an urgent task. In recent years, surface engineering (e.g., hard coatings, hydrophobic surfaces, and bionic surfaces) has attracted a great deal of attention.

These engineered surfaces show excellent properties against soil abrasion and adhesion because the surface always possesses high hardness or hydrophobic properties against wear and the formation of adhesive interfaces. Other technologies or materials suitable for application to soil-touching components are also a topic of this Special Issue.

This Special Issue on “Surface coatings and Technology Against Soil Abrasion and Adhesion” invites review articles and full-length papers presenting research on new experimental and/or modeling studies on novel coatings and surface technologies, where coatings and technology systems include but are not limited to advanced structural materials for soil-touching component applications, hard coatings against soil abrasion, hydrophobic coatings against adhesion, surface technology related to in-situ surface hardening or hydrophobic treatment for structural materials and bionic treatments. We also encourage the submission of works presenting newly developed and composite technologies.

Dr. Qiang Wan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

coatings
surface technology
soil abrasion
soil adhesion

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2923 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparative Study of the Physico-Chemical Properties of Sorbents Based on Natural Bentonites Modified with Iron (III) and Aluminium (III) Polyhydroxocations

by Bakytgul Kussainova, Gaukhar Tazhkenova, Ivan Kazarinov, Aisha Nurlybayeva, Anna Lamichova, Lyazat Kusepova, Togzhan Mashan, Batima Tantybayeva, Bekzat Saurbayeva, Gulnaziya Seitbekova, Dilbar Kulbayeva and Rabiga Kudaibergenova

Coatings 2023, 13(11), 1974; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13111974 - 20 Nov 2023

Viewed by 777

Abstract

A comparative study of the physicochemical properties of natural bentonite clays of Pogodayevo (Republic of Kazakhstan, mod. 1) and Dash-Salakhli (Republic of Azerbaijan, mod. 2) deposits and modification of the bentonite clay with polyhydroxocations of iron (III) and aluminium (III). The amount of bentonite in the concentration of iron (aluminum) was 5 mmol Me³⁺/g. It was established that the modification of natural bentonites using polyhydroxocations of iron (III) (mod. 1_Fe_5-c, mod. 2_Fe_5-c) and aluminum (III) (mod. 1_Al_5-c, mod. 2_Al_5-c) by the method of “co-precipitation” leads to a change in their chemical composition, structural and sorption properties. The results showed that hydroxy-aluminum cations ([Al₃O₄(OH)₂₄(H₂O)₁₂]⁷⁺) and poly-hydroxyl-Fe or polyoxo-Fe were intercalated into clay layers, which led to an increase in the values of d₀₀₁ and specific surface areas compared to those of the original bentonite, from 37 to 120 m²/g for the Pogodaevo bentonite and from 51 to 172 m²/g respectively, for bentonite from the Dash-Salakhli deposit. It is shown that modified sorbents based on natural bentonite are finely porous objects with a predominance of pores of 1.5–8.0 nm in size. As a result, there is a significant increase in the specific surface area of sorbents. Modification of bentonite with polyhydroxocations of iron (III) and aluminum (III) by the “co-precipitation” method also leads to an increase in the sorption capacity of the sorbents obtained with respect to nickel (II) cations. Modified bentonites were used for the adsorption of Ni (II) ions from the model solution. Ni (II) was absorbed in a neutral pH solution. The study of equilibrium adsorption showed that the data are in good agreement with the Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity of the Ni (II) obtained from the Langmuir equation was 25.0 mg/g (mod. 1_Al_5-c), 18.2 mg/g (mod. 2_Al_5-c) for Al-bentonite and 16.7 mg/g (mod. 1_Fe_5-c), 10.1 (mod. 2_Fe_5-c) for Fe-bentonite. The kinetics of adsorption is considered. The high content of Al-OH anion exchange centers in them determines the higher sorption activity of Al-modified bentonites. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Coatings and Technology Against Soil Abrasion and Adhesion)

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10 pages, 6640 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effects of Bias Voltage and Target Current on Microstructure and Load Measurement Performance of ZnO Piezoelectric Coatings Applied to Bolt in Transformer

by Hanpeng Kou, Fuyuan Wang, Dayu Nie, Zhaojun Ning, Qiaoqiao Li, Jiangang Deng, Zhenbo Lan and Zhuolin Xu

Coatings 2023, 13(10), 1662; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13101662 - 22 Sep 2023

Viewed by 702

Abstract

Electrical accidents caused by bolt looseness in transformers have been frequently reported in recent years. The monitoring, and warning of, axial force as an indicator of looseness is one of the key issues affecting the operation and maintenance of transformers. Traditional ultrasonic testing and a patch-type ultrasonic method, using piezoelectric probes and coupling agents, showed poor repeatability and accuracy in detecting the bolt pre-tightening force, because of the uncertainty of the contact interface produced via manual operation. A permanent thin-film pressure sensor (PMTS), which provides accurate and in-situ stress detection, is more suitable for bolts, to reveal the pretightening force. The key is depositing a nano-zinc oxide (ZnO) piezoelectric film with an excellent measurement performance, which could be tuned using deposition parameters. This paper investigates the effects of the current and bias voltage on the crystal structure and performance of ZnO piezoelectric films. The results show that the crystallinity degree and resistance decrease with the increase in bias voltage, while the target current could increase the crystallinity. However, a high current also brings large particles in the coating surface, which greatly decrease the resistance. The cause is expected to be related to the ion energy, which could be affected by the bias voltage and current. The PMTS deposited with an optimized bias voltage and current revealed excellent measurement performance, and is expected to be applied to the bolt, to detect the pretightening force. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Coatings and Technology Against Soil Abrasion and Adhesion)

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13 pages, 5450 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Study on Low-Damage Cutting of Alfalfa Stalks by Self-Sharpening Blades of Gradient Material with Carbon-Nitron-Boronized Heat-Treatment

by Kun Wu, Chunhao Bai, Longlong Ren, Yuepeng Song and Jing Guo

Coatings 2022, 12(9), 1319; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12091319 - 10 Sep 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1287

Abstract

The work aims to realize low-damage cutting of Alfalfa stalk. The self-sharpening blades of gradient material were prepared by 40 Cr steel, then heat-treating the flank surface by carbon-nitron-boronized with a rare elements catalysis technique. The biological characteristics of Alfalfa incision self-healing and regeneration process were analyzed in order to compare the cutting effects of different blades. After treatment with carbon-nitron-boronized with rare elements catalysis, the flank surface and tip point of blades were coated by boride layer and carbonitriding layer. The composition, microstructure and properties of the carbon-nitron-boronized layer demonstrated a gradient distribution state, and had good wear resistance. A kinetic model for the formation of the carbon-nitron-boronized layer was proposed. The initial stage of heat-treatment was mainly a carbonitriding process. When continuous and compact boride was formed on the surface, it was mainly boridized. The results of field experiment indicated that compared with the commercial blades, the self-sharpening blades have excellent properties as wear resistance and long service life. In addition, the cut damage caused by the self-sharpening blades was less, the self-healing and regeneration process of Alfalfa stalk was normal, and the regeneration duration was greatly shortened. The blades with carbon-nitron-boronized heat-treatment could form the self-sharpening characteristics, always maintaining the cutting sharpness, and realized the low-damage cutting of Alfalfa stalk. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Coatings and Technology Against Soil Abrasion and Adhesion)

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19 pages, 13020 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Increase in Wear Resistance of Traction Wheel via Chromizing: A Study Combining Experiments and Simulations

by Shanjun Li, Zehua Yang, Qiang Wan, Jianfeng Hou, Yangyi Xiao, Xin Zhang, Rui Gao and Liang Meng

Coatings 2022, 12(9), 1275; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12091275 - 2 Sep 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1329

Abstract

The wear failure of traction wheels in orchard transport severely restricts the stability of orchard conveyors and impedes the mechanization of orchard work. In this study, the thermal-diffusion chromizing method was employed to increase the hardness of a traction wheel for the enhancement of wear resistance. The results show that a uniform and dense chrome coating with a thickness of 16 μm was formed on the surface. The coating was revealed to have a hardness of 1752.7 HV and benefited from the formation of Cr-C compounds. A friction test and a wear simulation test under both dry-friction and lubrication conditions were conducted to assess the enhanced wear resistance based on the friction coefficient and wear loss. The friction coefficient of QT400 and that of the chrome coating were 0.37 and 0.36, respectively, under dry conditions. Additionally, the friction coefficient of QT400 decreased to 0.12, while that of the chrome coating remained at 0.35, under lubrication conditions. In the wear simulation test, the wear loss of the chromed traction wheel was about 1/28 of that of the QT400 traction wheel under dry-friction conditions. In addition, the wear loss of the chromed traction wheel was about 1/24 of that of the QT400 traction wheel under lubrication conditions. Moreover, the wear mechanism was analyzed with a microstructure study and finite element analysis (FEA). The synergetic effect between fatigue wear and abrasive wear was likely responsible for the wear failure of the traction wheel. The method proposed in this study may be a promising way to enhance the wear resistance of QT400 traction wheels through the application of a chrome coating without sacrificing the loading capacity, and this work contributes to the understanding of the wear failure mechanism of traction wheels. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Coatings and Technology Against Soil Abrasion and Adhesion)

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Review

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19 pages, 1524 KiB

Open AccessReview

Bonding Mechanism and Process Characteristics of Special Polymers Applied in Pelletizing Binders

by Hongxing Zhao, Fengshan Zhou, Cunfa Ma, Zhongjin Wei and Wenjun Long

Coatings 2022, 12(11), 1618; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12111618 - 26 Oct 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2139

Abstract

Pellet ore not only has excellent metallurgical and mechanical properties, but is also an important metallurgical raw material used to solve the problem of increasing depletion of global high-grade iron ore resources. Bentonite has long been widely used in pellet ore production, which is not only expensive but also causes serious metallurgical pollution. Organic binders can form stronger adhesion and cohesion with mineral particles inside the green pellets than capillary forces, which greatly improves the pelletizing rate and significantly increases the strength of green and dry pellets, and it becomes an indispensable alternative to bentonite because it volatilizes pyrolytically at high temperatures, leaving almost no inorganic contaminants inside the pellet ore. In order to let more pellet researchers fully understand the research status and pelletizing theory of organic binders, this review systematically summarizes seven common organic binders, and elaborates on their adhesion mechanism and process characteristics, so as to provide references for pellet researchers and readers to further prepare cost-effective pellet binders and improve advanced pelletizing technology. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Coatings and Technology Against Soil Abrasion and Adhesion)

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