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Diagnostics
Special Issues
Emerging Biomarkers of Clinical Diagnosis
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Emerging Biomarkers of Clinical Diagnosis

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 4310

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ji Hyun Park

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Hemato-Oncololgy, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seolu, Republic of Korea
Interests: hemato-oncololgy; biomarkers; personalized medicine; molecular signatures; prognosis; predictive diagnosis; blood analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biomarkers are essential components in diagnosing a disease or pathogenic process, monitoring patients, and providing a prognosis for patients. Any biological indicator that can be tested can be used as a biomarker, including DNA, RNA, proteins, metabolites, blood, urine, and so on. Other physiological and morphological biomarkers may also be measured or used for clinical or diagnostic imaging.

Biomarkers are of significant therapeutic value in the early diagnosis of disease when the clinical symptoms are not yet obvious and will prolong patients' lives or enhance their quality of life.

This Special Issue investigates the rapidly developing area of emerging biomarkers in clinical diagnosis and their applications, which offer a novel approach to the clinical care of patients.

Dr. Ji Hyun Park
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomarkers
  • personalized medicine
  • molecular signatures
  • prognosis
  • predictive diagnostics
  • prognostic diagnostics
  • genetic biomarkers
  • blood analysis
  • liquid biopsy
  • tumor marker

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 1055 KiB  
Communication
Advancing Evidence Generation for Circulating Tumor DNA: Lessons Learned from A Multi-Assay Study of Baseline Circulating Tumor DNA Levels across Cancer Types and Stages
by Brittany A. McKelvey, Hillary S. Andrews, Frederick L. Baehner, James Chen, Carin R. Espenschied, David Fabrizio, Vanessa Gorton, Claire Gould, Justin Guinney, Greg Jones, Xiangyang Lv, Michael S. Nahorski, Melanie R. Palomares, Gary A. Pestano, Mark Sausen, Alain Silk, Nicole Zhang, Zhihong Zhang, Mark D. Stewart and Jeff D. Allen
Diagnostics 2024, 14(9), 912; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14090912 - 27 Apr 2024
Viewed by 2695
Abstract
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) holds promise as a biomarker for predicting clinical responses to therapy in solid tumors, and multiple ctDNA assays are in development. However, the heterogeneity in ctDNA levels prior to treatment (baseline) across different cancer types and stages and across [...] Read more.
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) holds promise as a biomarker for predicting clinical responses to therapy in solid tumors, and multiple ctDNA assays are in development. However, the heterogeneity in ctDNA levels prior to treatment (baseline) across different cancer types and stages and across ctDNA assays has not been widely studied. Friends of Cancer Research formed a collaboration across multiple commercial ctDNA assay developers to assess baseline ctDNA levels across five cancer types in early- and late-stage disease. This retrospective study included eight commercial ctDNA assay developers providing summary-level de-identified data for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), bladder, breast, prostate, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma following a common analysis protocol. Baseline ctDNA levels across late-stage cancer types were similarly detected, highlighting the potential use of ctDNA as a biomarker in these cancer types. Variability was observed in ctDNA levels across assays in early-stage NSCLC, indicative of the contribution of assay analytical performance and methodology on variability. We identified key data elements, including assay characteristics and clinicopathological metadata, that need to be standardized for future meta-analyses across multiple assays. This work facilitates evidence generation opportunities to support the use of ctDNA as a biomarker for clinical response. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Biomarkers of Clinical Diagnosis)
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17 pages, 5082 KiB  
Article
Validation and Implementation of OptiView and EnVision FLEX Detection Systems for Immunocytochemical Staining Protocols of the Ten Most Commonly Used Diagnostic Markers in Routine Cytopathological Practice
by Anja Dremelj, Simona Miceska, Anamarija Kuhar, Natasa Nolde and Veronika Kloboves-Prevodnik
Diagnostics 2024, 14(6), 657; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14060657 - 21 Mar 2024
Viewed by 636
Abstract
The withdrawal of the iView detection system (iV) forced many cytopathology laboratories, including ours, to substitute immunocytochemical (ICC) staining protocols for routine practice with other detection systems. Our objective was to optimize, validate, and implement ICC protocols using OptiView (OV) and EnVision FLEX [...] Read more.
The withdrawal of the iView detection system (iV) forced many cytopathology laboratories, including ours, to substitute immunocytochemical (ICC) staining protocols for routine practice with other detection systems. Our objective was to optimize, validate, and implement ICC protocols using OptiView (OV) and EnVision FLEX (EnV) detection systems, comparing the results with those obtained using iV. Residual cytologic samples with known diagnoses were used, testing antibodies for the ten most common markers in routine cytopathology diagnostics (calretinin, Ber-EP4, MOC-31, CKAE1/AE3, CK5/6, CD68, LCA, desmin, HBME-1, and WT1). Different staining parameters were tested using OV on BenchMark ULTRA and EnV on Dako Omnis immunostainer, respectively. Optimal staining protocols were then selected and validated on 10 positive and 10 negative cases. The staining results were compared with iV protocols through evaluation of UK NEQAS and internal scores. The optimal staining protocols with OV and EnV demonstrated similar or superior results compared to the existing iV protocols, with slightly stronger intensity regarding positive cells. We have successfully established and validated optimal ICC staining protocols for commonly used markers in routine cytopathology practice. These protocols may benefit other laboratories using similar staining platforms. However, the challenge regarding standardizing ICC protocols across different cytopathology laboratories remains unresolved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Biomarkers of Clinical Diagnosis)
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Other

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17 pages, 679 KiB  
Systematic Review
The Efficiency of Serum Biomarkers in Predicting the Clinical Outcome of Patients with Mesenteric Ischemia during Follow-Up: A Systematic Review
by Florin Vasile Mihaileanu, Stefan Lucian Popa, Simona Grad, Dinu Iuliu Dumitrascu, Abdulrahman Ismaiel, Eliza Rus, Vlad Dumitru Brata, Alexandru Marius Padureanu, Miruna Oana Dita, Daria Claudia Turtoi, Traian Adrian Duse, Andrei Vlad Badulescu, Paolo Bottalico, Giuseppe Chiarioni, Cristina Pop, Cristina Mogosan, Maria Barsan, Claudia Diana Gherman, Bogdan Stancu and Liliana David
Diagnostics 2024, 14(7), 670; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14070670 - 22 Mar 2024
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Abstract
The initial clinical manifestation of acute mesenteric ischemia poses a diagnostic challenge, often leading to delays in identification and subsequent surgical intervention, contributing to adverse outcomes. Serum biomarkers, offering insights into the underlying pathophysiology, hold promise as prognostic indicators for acute mesenteric ischemia. [...] Read more.
The initial clinical manifestation of acute mesenteric ischemia poses a diagnostic challenge, often leading to delays in identification and subsequent surgical intervention, contributing to adverse outcomes. Serum biomarkers, offering insights into the underlying pathophysiology, hold promise as prognostic indicators for acute mesenteric ischemia. This systematic review comprehensively explores the role of blood biomarkers in predicting clinical outcomes during follow-up for patients with mesenteric ischemia. A thorough literature search across the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases yielded 33 relevant publications investigating the efficacy of serum biomarkers in predicting outcomes for mesenteric ischemia. Numerous studies underscore the utility of blood biomarkers in swiftly and accurately differentiating between causes of mesenteric ischemia, facilitating a prompt diagnosis. Elevated levels of specific biomarkers, particularly D-dimers, consistently correlate with heightened mortality risk and poorer clinical outcomes. While certain serum indicators exhibit substantial potential in associating with mesenteric ischemia, further research through rigorous human trials is imperative to enhance their consistent predictive ability during the follow-up period. This study underscores the diagnostic and prognostic significance of specific biomarkers for mesenteric ischemia, emphasizing the necessity for standardized procedures in future investigations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Biomarkers of Clinical Diagnosis)
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