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Diagnostics
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Multimodal Imaging and Biomarkers in Diagnosis of Heart Failure
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Multimodal Imaging and Biomarkers in Diagnosis of Heart Failure

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2022) | Viewed by 11451

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Byungsu Yoo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea
Interests: heart failure; diagnosis; multimodal imaging; biomarkers

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleague,

Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome caused by various etiologies, resulting in systolic and diastolic cardiac dysfunction with congestion. The diagnostic modalities for HF include laboratory tests, electrocardiography, diverse imaging tests, exercise testing, invasive hemodynamic evaluation and endomyocardial biopsy. Among them, multimodality imaging and cardiac biomarkers are the mainstay of HF evaluation. Recent developments in noninvasive imaging modalities including echocardiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and nuclear imaging will help to assess the causes, pathophysiology, and hemodynamics of HF, and to determine treatment options and predict outcomes. The role of biomarkers in HF is also increasingly focused on. Natriuretic peptide is most important biomarker for HF diagnosis, evaluating treatment responses, and predicting outcomes. However, other cardiac biomarkers are continuously being introduced for assessing the pathophysiology of HF such as fibrosis, inflammation, myocardial injury, and remodeling. Since HF is a result of complex cardiac disorders, it is important to assess the heart condition multidimensionally. The proper utilization of multimodal imaging and cardiac biomarkers can improve patient management and clinical outcomes in HF in the era of personalized medicine.

Prof. Byungsu Yoo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • heart failure
  • diagnosis
  • multimodal imaging
  • biomarker

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Review

13 pages, 1967 KiB  
Review
Multidimensional Approach of Heart Failure Diagnosis and Prognostication Utilizing Cardiac Imaging with Biomarkers
by In-Cheol Kim and Byung-Su Yoo
Diagnostics 2022, 12(6), 1366; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12061366 - 1 Jun 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2388
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome caused by various etiologies that results in systolic and diastolic cardiac dysfunction with congestion. While evaluating HF and planning for treatment, physicians utilize various laboratory tests, including electrocardiography, diverse imaging tests, exercise testing, invasive hemodynamic evaluation, [...] Read more.
Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome caused by various etiologies that results in systolic and diastolic cardiac dysfunction with congestion. While evaluating HF and planning for treatment, physicians utilize various laboratory tests, including electrocardiography, diverse imaging tests, exercise testing, invasive hemodynamic evaluation, or endomyocardial biopsy. Among these, cardiac imaging modalities and biomarkers are the mainstays during HF diagnosis and treatment. Recent developments in non-invasive imaging modalities, such as echocardiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and nuclear imaging, have helped us understand the etiology, pathophysiology, and hemodynamics of HF, and determine treatment options and predict the outcomes. Due to the convenience of their use and potential impact on HF management, biomarkers are increasingly adopted in our clinical practice as well as research purpose. Natriuretic peptide is the most widely used biomarker for the diagnosis of HF, evaluation of treatment response, and prediction of future outcomes. Other cardiac biomarkers to evaluate the pathophysiological mechanisms of HF include myocardial injury, oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, hypertrophy, and neurohormonal activation. Because HF results from complex cardiac disorders, it is essential to assess the disease status multidimensionally. The proper utilization of multimodality imaging and cardiac biomarkers can improve the quality of patient management and predict clinical outcomes in HF in the era of personalized medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimodal Imaging and Biomarkers in Diagnosis of Heart Failure)
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22 pages, 966 KiB  
Review
Non-Invasive Assessment of Congestion by Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Ultrasound and Biomarkers in Heart Failure
by Adriana Mihaela Ilieșiu, Andreea Simona Hodorogea, Ana-Maria Balahura and Elisabeta Bădilă
Diagnostics 2022, 12(4), 962; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12040962 - 12 Apr 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3828
Abstract
Worsening chronic heart failure (HF) is responsible for recurrent hospitalization and increased mortality risk after discharge, irrespective to the ejection fraction. Symptoms and signs of pulmonary and systemic congestion are the most common cause for hospitalization of acute decompensated HF, as a consequence [...] Read more.
Worsening chronic heart failure (HF) is responsible for recurrent hospitalization and increased mortality risk after discharge, irrespective to the ejection fraction. Symptoms and signs of pulmonary and systemic congestion are the most common cause for hospitalization of acute decompensated HF, as a consequence of increased cardiac filling pressures. The elevated cardiac filling pressures, also called hemodynamic congestion, may precede the occurrence of clinical congestion by days or weeks. Since HF patients often have comorbidities, dyspnoea, the main symptom of HF, may be also caused by respiratory or other illnesses. Recent studies underline the importance of the diagnosis and treatment of hemodynamic congestion before HF symptoms worsen, reducing hospitalization and improving prognosis. In this paper we review the role of integrated evaluation of biomarkers and imaging technics, i.e., echocardiography and pulmonary ultrasound, for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of congestion in HF patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimodal Imaging and Biomarkers in Diagnosis of Heart Failure)
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16 pages, 2474 KiB  
Review
Multimodal Imaging and Biomarkers in Cardiac Amyloidosis
by Mi-Hyang Jung, Suyon Chang, Eun Ji Han and Jong-Chan Youn
Diagnostics 2022, 12(3), 627; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030627 - 3 Mar 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4486
Abstract
Amyloidosis is a progressive infiltrative disease instigated by the extracellular deposition of amyloid fibrils in various organs such as the heart, kidney, and peripheral nerves. Cardiac amyloid deposits cause restrictive cardiomyopathy, leading to a poor prognosis in systemic amyloidosis. The most common etiologies [...] Read more.
Amyloidosis is a progressive infiltrative disease instigated by the extracellular deposition of amyloid fibrils in various organs such as the heart, kidney, and peripheral nerves. Cardiac amyloid deposits cause restrictive cardiomyopathy, leading to a poor prognosis in systemic amyloidosis. The most common etiologies of cardiac amyloidosis (CA) are immunoglobulin light chain deposits (AL-CA) and misfolded transthyretin deposits (ATTR-CA). In recent years, many developments have been accomplished in the field of diagnosis and treatment of CA. At present, ATTR-CA can be noninvasively diagnosed if the following two conditions are fulfilled in the setting of typical echocardiographic/cardiac MRI findings: (1) grade 2 or 3 myocardial uptake in bone scintigraphy confirmed by SPECT and (2) absence of monoclonal protein confirmed by serum-free light chain assay, and serum/urine protein electrophoresis with immunofixation test. Effective therapies are evolving in both types of CA (tafamidis for ATTR-CA and immunologic treatments for AL-CA). Thus, early suspicion and prompt diagnosis are crucial for achieving better outcomes. In this review, we have summarized the role of multimodal imaging (e.g., echocardiography, cardiac MRI, and bone scintigraphy) and biomarkers (e.g., troponin, BNP) in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment monitoring of CA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimodal Imaging and Biomarkers in Diagnosis of Heart Failure)
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